Ernest Just Accomplishments

In 1915, Just became the first recipient of the NAACP 's Spingarn Medal, which is a prestigious award given to a person of African descent who had “performed the foremost service to his race.” Just was elected to the American Society of Naturalists and the American Society of Zoologists. In 1930, he became “the first American to be invited to the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in Berlin, Germany, where several Nobel Prize winners conducted research.” He gave a detailed account of his experiments in scientific journals in three countries including Germany, Italy, and France. He became “the world’s leading expert on fertilization of the egg, the beginning of every life in the animal world,” and earned a new title as the “scientist’s scientist,” given to him by his colleagues. He made fairly significant breakthroughs in specific areas of science that would include the role of environmental factors in development; “he investigated the effect of a number of variables – dilute or concentrated sea water, ultraviolet irradiation, temperature, hydration or dehydration— on embryo development.” He observed “the ‘wave of negativity’ that sweeps over the egg cell at the onset of fertilization envelope separation, preventing fertilization by more than one spermatozoon” and “correctly reasoned that it was this wave, not the physical separation of the envelope, that is

On the year of 1980 was when he received his second Nobel Prize. This Nobel Prize was also in chemistry, for inventing a method of so called “reading” the molecular letters that make up the genetic code. This discovery was a big discovery

After her graduation in that same year, she was employed at the same university she used to go to. She worked as an assistant professor on teaching zoology. In 1926, Roger Arliner Young received a Master of Science in Zoology from University of Chicago, where she was designated to go to the honor society for biosciences called the Sigma Xi. In 1927 through 1936 she used her summers to do research in a biological laboratory in Massachusetts. It was the top laboratory of the US. It was an accomplishment because she was the first black woman to ever conduct and give research in her field of work. Another accomplishment she has completed is, in 1940, she was the first black woman to receive a doctoral degree in zoology, Ph.D. from University of Pennsylvania. Soon hardships became to overwhelm her. She had many problems such as lots of work and not enough money. In 1935, Dr. Young was not able to teach anymore at the Howard University. Fortunately for Roger, in 1940, she was able to complete her doctoral work at the University of Pennsylvania. From 1940 to around the 1950’s, Roger taught at the North Carolina College for Negroes and at Shaw University, North Carolina. She also taught at colleges for blacks in Texas, Louisiana, and

He went on to work at Woods Hole marine biological laboratory in Massachusetts in 1909. Mr. Just went on to the University of Chicago where he obtained a Doctor of physiology degree. He also explored in many areas on physiology of development, which includes fertilization, experimental parthenogenesis, hydration, cell division, dehydration in living cells and ultraviolet carcinogenic radiation effects on cells. He was also an editor of three scholarly periodicals. In 1915 he was the first African American to win NAACP’s first Spingarn Medal for outstanding achievement by a black American. As racial discrimination hindered his opportunity in the United States, he was given a position in Europe as a Julius Rosenwald Fellow in Biology Of the National Research Council. Ernest had co-authored “General Cytology” which was published in 1924, with respected scientists from Princeton University, University of Chicago, the National Academy of Science, and the Marine Biological

Charlene Forest is an associate professor in the Biology department at Brooklyn College, who dedicates her research in to trying to understand the mechanism behind the process of fertilization in algae, as well as what controls expression of gamete-specific genes. To do so, she must understand how sperm and egg gametes first recognize and then fuse with each other. Thus, in order to find what causes the fusion of these gametes, Forest’s lab is cloning genes that prevent the fusion of sperm and egg gametes. She hopes that her research on the fertilization process in algae will help understand the fertilization process in other organisms, particularly humans.

Throughout his life, he was a leading scholar who in 1916 earned his Ph.D. in Semitic Languages from John Hopkins University. After a short time in the Army, in 191, he became a Thayer Fellow at ASOP, he served as a director from 1921-1929. Then in 1929 he became a professor at John Hopkins University from

Ernest was born on September 2, 1931 in Russell, Kentucky. At eight years old, his parents passed away, therefore Ernest was raised in an orphanage at the Methodist Children's Home in Versailles, Kentucky. He had 125 brothers and there he learned the importance in brotherhood. In an interview West states, “ I thought of them as brothers and called them brothers. We Treated each other a lot with respect and we all stuck together...If you jumped on one, you had to whip about 25 of us.” He eventually dropped out of high school and took a job with the C&O railroad before being drafted.

Then later in life he built an institute. In his early life he did many things and had a lot of great accomplishments. He was the eldest son of Orthodox Jewish-Polish immigrants and was born in East Harlem, New York, on October 28, 1914. Then after a while he graduated with a bachelor’s degree in science in 1933, at the age of nineteen, and went on to New York University’s School of Medicine.

Born on August 14, 1883, in Charleston, South Carolina, Earnest Everett Just was an African-American biologist and educator who pioneered many areas on the physiology of development, including fertilization, experimental parthenogenesis, hydration, cell division, dehydration in living cells and ultraviolet carcinogenic radiation effects on cells. Just's legacy of accomplishments followed him long after his death, on October 27,

Dr. Cater G. Woodson, a son of a slave, was born in New Canton, Virginia on December 19, 1875 (Bellis, n.d.). Although he did not enter high school until the age of 20, he continued to study at Berea College, the University of Chicago, the Sorbonne, and Harvard University, where he earned a PhD in 1912 (Bellis, n.d.). During this time,

Dr. Ernest Everett was born on October 27, 1883, in Charlotte, South Carolina. Just was an African American biologist and academic and science writer. Just primary legacy has been his recognition of the fundamental role of the cell surface in the development of organisms. His work with marine biology, cytology and parthenogenesis, he advocated the study of the whole cell under normal conditions, rather than breaking them apart in a laboratory The setting, just also left an everlasting impression within the African American community for his ability to pursue high-level education in spite of racial obstacles that he faced towards his path to success.

Page 1 Child Growth and Development: "Life's Greatest Miracle" Paragraph In the video Life's Greatest Miracle, I was informed about how children are conceived, how they develop in the mothers body, and how amazing child birth can be. In the beginning it takes you through the steps of how sperm travels as for looking for an egg to fertilize. Although, in just one teaspoon of sperm there can be over 300 million sperm cells, only around 40% of them are usable. The other 60% can be deformed such as having two tales. The sperm can reach the Fallopian tube within 30 minutes, but it can be a 2 day swim just for sperm to reach an accepting egg. After the sperm that was strong enough to make it through the rough travel have met up with an egg, they

Alfred Kinsey was born in New Jersey on June 23, 1894 to Alfred Kinsey and Sarah Charles. As a young boy he suffered many illnesses such as rheumatic fever and typhoid. In high school, he began his interest in biology and botanical studies with the influence of his teacher. He started his career in biology as a zoologist and entomologist but later found interest in sexology. His parents were very religious therefore not agreeing with his choice of career. Due to this he considered his father’s wishes by studying engineering but decided that he was better off with biology.

What Martin finds throughout her research, is almost on the level of disturbing. Throughout her article, Martin is simply just building evidence to support her purpose. After multiple citations and careful scrutiny over the way the egg and sperm interactions were worded, she notices a very distinct trend in their diction. Her results needless to say, were what she was expecting to find when she started the research.

Hayflick’s research became the new accepted model regarding cell division and mortality and disproved Carrel’s theory about indefinite cellular replications. “Since, even with more modern and sophisticated cell culture techniques, chick fibroblast cultures do not survive more than a year, there is serious doubt that the common interpretation of Carrel’s experiment is valid,” Hayflick wrote in his paper (Hayflick 628). He then proposed an alternative reasoning for why Carrell got the results he did. The chick embryo extract that was used as a source of nutrient for Carrel’s tissue culture could have contributed new and viable embryonic cells to the tissue culture samples at each subculture. This addition of the chick embryo extract, which was used a feeding source for his tissue cultures, could have aligned during a certain phase of mitotic activity that would have allowed for continuous cell proliferation and growth (Hayflick 628).