Erythema Nodosum
Introduction of Disease: Erythema nodosum is a type of panniculitis that affects the hypodermis of the skin, or the subcutaneous fat. Panniculitis is a group of diseases whose number one symptom is inflammation of subcutaneous adipose tissue (Braun-Falco, 2001). It typically initially manifests as a bumpy outbreak of highly touch-sensitive, red, swollen nodules on the skin. The part of the skin that becomes infected is the septa between subcutaneous fat lobules, with an absence of vasculitis and the presence of radial granulomas (Schwartz, 2007). The outbreak is usually limited to the lower legs. Chronic or recurrent erythema nodosum is rare but may occur. Erythema nodosum is recognized as a hypersensitivity reaction and
…show more content…
Erythema nodosum nodules are tender, usually appear on the shins, and look like raised contusions or protuberances that progressively change from pink, to red or purple, to bluish brown as they heal. Fever and joint pain are also common associative symptoms (Rehmus, 2017). The nodules vary from a diameter of 1 to 10 cm and don’t have a clear border, echoing their subcutaneous anatomic location. Individual nodules may last for two weeks, and new projections may continue to arise for up to six weeks. These nodules may adopt a bruise-like appearance as they fade and often take roughly one to two months to heal completely (Schwartz, 2007). The lesions never ulcerate, and always heal without scarring. Patients with idiopathic and drug-induced erythema nodosum can often times lack systemic complaints (Braun-Falco, …show more content…
Erythema nodosum can be treated by leg elevation and cool compresses, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain, and treatment of underlying disorders (Hebel, 2017). The disease almost always goes away by itself, and the nodules resolve in about a month without management. Bed rest, cool compresses, elevation of the legs, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs might alleviate the pain caused by the nodules. Potassium iodide tablets may also be given orally to decrease inflammation (Braun-Falco, 2001). Corticosteroids taken orally or by local injection are effective but, because they can worsen an underlying infection even if one has not been identified, are given only if nothing else works. Drugs that might be causing erythema nodosum are stopped, and any underlying infections or disorders are treated. A person may have to take antibiotics, such as penicillin, or a cephalosporin if the disease is streptococcal (Rehmus, 2017).
Prognosis of Patient: The prognosis is really good in patients with erythema nodosum. In most patients, erythema nodosum resolves without any antagonistic reactions (Hebel, 2017). Usually, the nodules will disappear by themselves in about a month. However, In contrast, 30% of erythema nodosum cases that have no known cause may last more than 6
Erythema multiform: target lesion is the classic presentation, and the 3 skin manifestations are dusky center, inner pale ring, and erythematous outer border. It usually affect age 10-40y/o. Hypersensitivity reaction is most commonly triggered by infection so treat the underlying cause. HSV is most common cause so treat with acyclovir. It is a self limiting condition.
Ms. Lee is complaining of severe pain to her RLE for the past two days, unrelieved by soaking, heat and massage. She has edema to only one of her lower extremities.
Saving History The novel, Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn, was published in 1884. It’s purpose was to inform readers what time was like during that time period. Even though this novel has been censored and banned from some schools, from the overuse of the “n” word, this novel teaches readers not just about the time period, but the American truth and values through a young boy and a runaway slave’s friendship.
The patient is a 41-year-old female comes in because for the past four days, she has had a rash on her elbows bilaterally. It is quite itchy. It made it difficult to sleep last night. She states she has never had a rash like this before, she has no history of eczema. She has been working in a new situation and perhaps got exposed to new work environment. She does spend time at her computer with her elbows on the table. She otherwise is feeling well, no fevers, no other rashes.
Dyshidrotic eczema is a skin condition in which tiny, fluid blisters appear on the palms and fingers. It is also called pompholyx. The symptoms of dyshidrotic eczema that require a medical diagnosis are small, fluid-filled blisters that appear on the palms, fingers and soles of feet. They often lasts about 3 weeks and itch intensely. Some people may experience blistering, dryness, peeling, redness, or fissures. Itching is common. Triggers can be stress, allergies, moist hands and feet, contact with nickel, cobalt, or chromium salts. This is a type of eczema that is characterized by a pruritic vescular eruption that may be found on the fingers, and palms and soles. This condition also affects teenagers and adults and may be acute, recurrent or chronic. Doctors have also referred to it as Cheiropompholyx, Dyshidrosis, Foot-and-hand eczema, or Palmoplantar eczema. There is no cure for it but it is manageable in many cases.
Lichen sclerosus is a chronic skin disorder that most often affects genital and perianal areas. It is 10 times more common in women than men, most often affecting the area around the anus outer part or the external part of the vagina. While in men, it usually affects the tip of the penis. It is possible to occur at any age but is usually seen in women at the age of 50 and above. Some people have shown no symptoms, but others experience itchiness, blistering in the affected area, and discomfort. Lichen sclerosus presents as thickened patches or white crinkled of skin that have a tendency to scar permanently. Treatment may include strong steroid creams or ointments especially when it affects the genital areas.
I’ve had severe eczema since I was 13. Over the years I have literally tried everything such as steroid creams, bleach baths, various creams. These helped relieve the itch and flare ups temporarily until the next breakout. It was just an endless cycle.
3. Nummular dermatitis. Nummular dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by multiple, pruritic, coin-shaped eczematous lesions involving the extremities and the trunk. Nummular dermatitis is often considered to be a form of idiopathic eczema. It is usually seen in females over the age of 50. Numerous factors have been known to cause this condition such as decreased cutaneous lipid production, staphylococcus infections, allergy to metals, and sensitivity to yeast and dust mites. Patients with this condition present with highly pruritic, round, coin-shaped patches of eczematous dermatitis ranging in diameter from 1 to 10 cm. The legs and the upper extremities are the sites most frequently involved and the trunk is less
O: Right Index, Middle, and Ring Finger Tips: erythema and edema present, unable to assess under
Treat with Amoxicillin 875 mg BID or Amoxicillin 500 mg TID x 5-7 days. Instruct client to take the medication as directed, and to complete all doses even if symptoms improve (Natal,
O. Dorsal right foot: mild erythema, no edema, full ROM, pedal pulse +3 brisk capillary pulses
Over-the-Counter hydrocortisone 1% cream or prescriptions creams are often prescribed to lessen inflammation (2017 Web MD, LLC, 2017). Antihistamines can be used to lessen itching (2017 Web MD, LLC, 2017). The FDA has approved two drugs (Elidel and Protopic) known as topical immunomodulators for
Whatever the cause, you need to get rid of the irritating substances that spurred the inflammation. This could be as drastic as a change in employment in the case of some engineers (due to too much stress and exposure to environmental irritants), hairdressers (exposure to chemicals, dust and hair), cooks, etc.
If i had a ticket and could go anywhere I wanted to go. I would go to the National Students Leadership Conference just because going to that would give me the great opportunity to connect and meet other students that have the same interest in the field I’m going to college to study. It would give me more of a chance to learn more about how different people got connected into engineering and maybe some are the same way I got connected. Which, I know a lot of people’s reasoning's will be different.
Patients can retrieve their health records via patient portals, personal health records, and personally controlled health records. Each serves a role in assisting the patient maintaining and sustaining their good health. Firstly, portals serve as access points for patients to view their clinical record online. This is conducted via a secure, hospital and health care facilities’ website which is linked to the patient’s electronic health records (EHRs) at any time (Johnson, Jimison, & Mandl, 2014). EHR vendors provide this portal functionality. The health care facility controls the medical information in the patron’s EHR. Access to these portals is attained by utilizing a secure username and password. Thus, patients can view health information such as doctor visits, discharge summaries, medications, immunizations, allergies, and lab results (HHS.gov, 2015). Furthermore, portals provide the ability for patients to collaborate with their physicians and clinicians via secure messages, request prescription refills, schedule appointments, examine benefits and coverage, revise contact information, pay for services rendered, download and complete forms, and peruse educational materials (HHS.gov, 2015; Johnson et al., 2014). According to HHS.gov (2015), “With patient portal implementation, your organization can enhance patient-provider communication, empower patients, support care between visits, and, most importantly improve patient outcomes”.