Escherichia Coli Bacteria Report

The purpose of this experiment is to make E.Coli competent so that it can be transformed in order to become immune to ampicillin, then we would be able to determine the transformation efficiency of the culture. We determine this by preparing 4 plates of E.coli, each labeled “LB-plasmid”, “LB+plasmid”, “LB?Amp-plasmid”, and “LB/Amp+plasmid”. This meant that either should have lacked plasmid and Ampicillin, with plasmid but lacked Ampicillin, without plasmid but with Ampicillin, or were with Ampicillin and plasmid, respectively. Then we made the bacterial cells competent by adding CaCl2 to 2 vials of the colony (one with plasmids), and incubating on ice, then heat shocking, and returning to ice. Luria Broth is then added and left to sit for 5-15

Escherichia Coli, located in one of the main organs known as the large intestine, is a type of bacteria that helps digestion. (Trzepacz, Timmons, and Duobinis-Gray, 2016) For Escherichia Coli to remain stable and alive, it needs specific necessities. These needs are known as the following: Energy, vitamins, and similar compounds. Escherichia Coli is found everywhere!

The purpose to this lab was to isolate and identify two unknown bacteria from a mixed culture provided to us by our instructor. This study was done by applying all of the methods that have been instructed on thus far in microbiology laboratory class. Each test performed, provided us with some key information about the unknown microbes in question and how the bacteria function.

E. coli or Escherichia coli are a kind of bacteria that affects the intestinal or the digestive system of a human being, which can even lead to death. It is one of the subgroup of fecal coliform bacteria. E. coli O157:H7 is that toxic microorganism or bacteria which causes the intestinal disease in the human beings which is most likely to last about a week. The common symptoms of these diseases are that the patient will have diarrhea with blood (Clermont, Bonacorsi and Bingen 2000). However, the serve cases of this disease may lead to kidney problems, which can lead to death especially when the patient is a child or an elderly person. That is, it can act severely in those patients who have does not have a strong immune system. Some types of E. coli are normally found in the intestines of people and animals

Escherichia coli, or E. coli, is a common bacterium that can be found in diverse environments all over the planet, including the gastrointestinal tracts of animals and humans. Many of these strains of E. Coli are essential mechanisms in the digestive tract, while others are pathogens that can cause complications in urinary and intestinal tracts. (Payne & Sparks) In research, E. Coli is commonly used as a model organism, meaning they are widely studied by scientists for a variety of purposes due to their experimental advantages. E. Coli is comparatively simple, and there are many advantages to studying these prokaryotic cells in the fields of biochemistry and molecular biology. E. Coli has this simplicity and is relatively easy to propagate in a lab environment. Their genome has been completely sequenced and many things we know about DNA, protein synthesis, and gene linkage have been derived from studies regarding this particular organism. (Cooper)

2. List what it is caused by (specific scientific and common names of the organism: Escherichia coli

I had recently experienced the terror that is referred to as E. Coli. I can tell you all about how it is much worse than the flu, although I will also be talking about this one girl I stumbled upon on the internet also. She had a life threatening experience that you can definitely experience if you go untreated when finding out that you have E. Coli. She had it for 19 days straight when I had been extremely lucky that I had only had it for eight days. I know that I definitely did not feel lucky, but doing this project has let me realize that I was very fortunate. Some people just chalk it up as the stomach flu like my mother and aunt did, but my grandmother knew it was something more than that. She ended up taking me to Med Express which is not a very good place to go if you want to get a work release on the same day or week by the way. On top of the issues I had at the doctor it was nonstop viral- like symptoms that only got worse until they got better.

Escherichia coli O157:H7 has been found as one of the most common causes of both outbreaks of human diarrheal disease in North America and throughout the world. Major outbreaks happened over the world, and 70% to 80% of sporadic cases of classic hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) reported in Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands and Japan have been found associated with E coli O157:H7 infections (Boyce, Swerdlow et al. 1995). Also the other diseases including mild diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that E. coli causes approximately 73,000 illnesses and more than 60 deaths per year in the United State. (Woodward 2002) The cost of treatment for infections caused by consume VTEC contaminated produce is about $38 billion in average per year in the US due to the increase of foodborne illness associate with produce.

The quality and standard of food and water is a universal objective in food safety and a public health priority. The advent of globalisation has been chiefly positive, however negative impacts such as pathogen transmission through exported food can be a risk to population health. The exponential transmission of Escherichia Coli bacteria can transcend geographical and class barriers, impacting both high and low income societies. A causal link between Shiga-toxin producing E. coli and Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome has been established, due to the detrimental health impacts, this is deemed a high public health priority. Ongoing research, outbreak tracing and other relevant information needs to be maintained and notified on the syndrome.

In order to test the stability of the bead in the different temperature, the bacteria activity was measure by using pour plate count method. This method is to show the stability of Escherichia while store in freezer at (-4 0C) and incubator (37 0C) for 1 week. Data collects everyday and total plate method was apply to count the amount of bacteria for immobilization process.

There are multiple precautions that can be taken to help prevent the spread of the infection and eventually kill it altogether. To keep the bacteria spreading the workers must be careful to keep anything that may move from an infected pond to a healthy pond clean.

Escherichia Coli is a bacterium that inhabits the gastrointestinal tract of both humans and animals. E. coli isn’t always a harmful bacterium. Some are actually crucial to a healthy intestinal tract because this bacterium assists with the production of Vitamin K2 and stops pathogenic bacteria from interacting and establishing inside the intestines (Gould, 2010). A person maybe exposed to E. coli through water or food that maybe contaminated or from raw meat such as ground beef or raw vegetables. Lack of good hygiene is another way that E. coli infections can spread especially in places such as hospitals or day care centers. While a healthy adult with an E.coli infection will most likely recover within five to seven days, those who are at risk include young children, elderly and those with a weak immune system.

The most commonly identified STEC infections in North America are E.coli O157:H7. The diagnosis of E. coli O157: H7 infection needs to be considered for all patients who present with diarrhea, especially bloody diarrhea or Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome which is a type of kidney failure. Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome can begin as the diarrhea is improving. It can occur in people of any age but is most common in children under 5 years old and the elderly. Stool specimens should be collected. Specimens should be collected as close to the time of onset of diarrhea as possible; however, specimens taken even weeks after the onset of symptoms are sometimes positive. Antibiotic treatment decreases the chance of recovery of E. coli O157: H7 therefore, when follow- up specimens are being obtained, the patient should have received no antibiotic for a minimum of 48 hours before

For centuries humans have tried to control their environment and determine which bacterium and viruses have caused fewer diseases. In the case mentioned above, there are a few possibilities. The young girl looked as if she could be suffering from Croon’s disease, gastro-enteritis, or hemolytic uremic syndrome abbreviated as HUS, all of which are resulting from an E coli infection according to Wikipedia. E coli is short for Escherichia coli. After examining the patient and analyzing her stool sample, I can diagnosed the following: the organism responsible was Escherichia coli 0157:H7. This infection is a gram-negative bacteria and even though most cases are not severe, children and the elderly can suffer from complications such as renal or kidney failure according to Medicinenet. One of the kidney’s functions is to help filter waste production from the bloodstream and control red blood cell supply .When bacteria stick to the human intestine E coli becomes a big health concern and it is estimated that close

In this lab experiment, students had to create a growth curve for E. coli. The E. coli growth curve would illustrate the progression of the population of E. coli a set time period. In this case, the growth curve depicted the population of E. coli over a 12-hour period. The growth curve for E. coli was created from the absorbance levels, the optical density(OD), recorded from the spectrophotometer.