Esophagus Research Paper

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an increasingly recognized disease in both the pediatric and adult populations. The disease is characterized clinically by symptoms related to esophageal dysfunction, including dysphagia, heart burn, feeding difficulty, vomiting, abdominal pain, and food impaction in children. 1 While the symptoms are similar to those of gastroesophageal reflux, the pathophysiology is instead related to chronic antigen and immunologically- mediated inflammation characterized histologically by the prominence of eosinophils, and, critically, the symptoms do not improve with typical anti-reflux treatment. 2 The purpose of this brief review of EoE is to outline the key epidemiology, clinical and pathophysiological characteristics,

When we eat, food travels down the esophagus and passes through a flap (the lower esophageal sphincter) to drop into the stomach. This flap is only supposed to open to allow food to pass down or gas to pass up (a burp). It can also open when we need to regurgitate (throw up). If the opens to much or does not close properly, stomach acid may splash up,

As you can see, it is a tubelike structure made of muscle and lined with mucous membrane. The pharynx functions as part of the respiratory and digestive system because it is located behind the nasal cavities and the mouth. It is the structure that we refer to as the throat. It is about twelve and a half centimeters long and consists of three parts; the nasopharynx, oropharynx and the laryngopharynx. (Anatomy.tv, n.d.) The esophagus branches off of the pharynx which carries food to the stomach. Swallowing takes place in the pharynx partly as a reflex and partly under voluntary control. The tongue and soft palate pushes food into the pharynx, which closes off the trachea. The food then enters the esophagus. The esophagus is a muscular tube extending from the pharynx to the stomach. . (Mohan, 2010). It is about 25 centimeters long. The production of mucus by glands in the mucosal lining as you can see lubricates the tube to permit easier passage of food moving toward the stomach. (Thibodeau & Patton, 2008). Food is pushed through the esophagus and into the stomach by a series of contractions called peristalsis. The lower esophageal sphincter is just before the opening to the stomach. It opens to let food pass into the stomach and closes to keep it there. (Mohan, 2010).

Esophagus is located through the mouth. You go down the throat and into the stomach. I can remember this by tracing the path in the photo.

GERD is another name for heartburn. There is a backflow of gastric and duodenal content that past the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) into the esophagus. As reflux of gastric acid causes acute epigastric pain after eating a meal. The pain can radiate to the person arm and then chest. The LES usually retains sufficient pressure around the lesser end of the esophagus to close it and prevent reflex. As the sphincter relaxes with each swallow, the food empty into the stomach. High acidity in the stomach triggers irritation and pain as the content enters the esophagus causing reflux esophagitis. In GERD, the sphincter is open, due to incompetent LES pressure or increase pressure within the stomach exceeds LES pressure. The pressure in the stomach propels the content into the esophagus.

GERD disease, commonly referred to as GERD or acid reflux, is a condition in which the liquid content of the stomach regurgitates (backs up or refluxes) into the esophagus. The liquid can inflame and damage the lining (esophagitis) although visible signs of inflammation occur in a minority of patients. The regurgitated liquid usually contains acid and pepsin that are produced by the stomach. (Pepsin is an enzyme that begins the digestion of proteins in the stomach.) The refluxed liquid also may contain bile that has backed-up into the stomach from the duodenum. The first part of the small intestine attached to the stomach. Acid is believed to be the most injurious component of the refluxed liquid.

GERD is known as Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. It is best defined as a back flow of gastric or duodenal contents or both into the esophagus and past the lower esophageal sphincter. It can cause acute epigastric pain (heartburn). The pathophysiology of GERD is multifactorial, involving transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations and other lower esophageal sphincter pressure abnormalities. As a result, reflux of acid, bile, pepsin and pancreatic enzymes occur, leading to esophageal mucosal injury (Gastroesophageal Reflux disease, long-term care, 2017). The degree of mucosal injury is based on the amount and concentration of refluxed gastric acid, proteolytic enzymes and bile acids. Due to the lower esophageal sphincter being dysfunctional, the esophageal motility is slowed, leading to decreased clearance of acidic material.

Commonly known as heartburn or reflux, is a condition where reflux of the gastric content into the oesophagus leads to symptoms which significantly impact a person's quality of life. Gastroesophageal reflux disease gerd is the most prevalent acid related disorder and is associated with significant impairment of health-related quality of life. Gastroesophageal reflux disease gerd occurs when acid and food in the stomach back up into the esophagus.Gerd often occurs when the lower muscle (sphincter) of the esophagus does not close properly. The sphincter normally opens to let food into the stomach. It then closes to keep food and stomach acid in the stomach. If the sphincter does not close properly, stomach acid and food back up (reflux) into the esophagus. The following may increase your risk for gerd. Gerd may be associated with several extra esophageal syndromes such as chronic cough, asthma, laryngitis, oropharyngeal ulceration and dental erosions. Available evidence indicates that therapy response rates in gerd are related to the degree of acid suppression achieved. Having an appropriate discussion with a physician is key to understanding the condition, available treatment options and the degree to which acid suppression can be achieved.

Eosinophilic Esophagitis also known as EOE, Is a rare disease that is becoming more commonly found in children. Eosinophilic Esophagitis is a disease in which a large number of white blood cells called eosinophils are in the esophagus tissue. EOE is a very rare, yet very serious disease. It is considered a chronic condition. EOE is more commonly found in children and some adults. EOE is also known to affect Caucasians more than any other race, and also known to affect males more than females.

In between the esophagus and stomach there is a valve called the LES valve. The

Barret’s Esophagus is a serious complication of GERD, in which stands for Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease. With Barret’s esophagus normal tissue lining the esophagus; the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach changes to tissue that resembles the lining of the intestine, this process is called intestinal metaplasia ("Barret's esophagus: Symptoms," 2005). Patients who are diagnosed with Barret’s esophagus are at an increase risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma, which is cancer of the esophagus and can be fatal.

Firstly, in hopes of understanding what esophageal cancer is, one must first understand what the esophagus is. The esophagus is a muscular tube connecting your throat to your stomach. It’s primary purpose it to transport food to the stomach and is usually between 10 – 13 inches long. Furthermore, the esophagus is lined with smooth muscle tissue, which causes contracts without conscious thought, moving the food along to the

Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disorder among populations, it develops when the gastric content pass to the esophagus which prompt disability of personal satisfaction. This disorder is increased with the prevalence of obesity. Several factors may predispose to reflux including smoking, alcohol, coffee, drugs and large night meals. Obesity is known to be an independent risk factor for GERD through Decrease tone of lower esophageal sphincter. Abdominal adipose tissue not only mechanically disrupts the integrity of the gastro-esophageal junction barrier which leads to increased esophageal reflux but also has a metabolically mediated effect through secretion of adipocytokines. Visceral fat was known to be an endocrine organ

GERD is the short abbreviation for gastroesophageal reflux disease. This condition is the reflux if acid, pepsin, or bile salts from the stomach into the esophagus. Esophagitis is the end result of GERD. As mentioned by AUTH (), there are several risk factors that will increase a parsons chance of experiencing GERD. Those who are older in age, obese, have a hiatal hernia, and certain drugs or chemicals that relax the LES will experience this reflux disease. There are several conditions that become triggered with the presence of GRED. For some individuals this conditions can be a trigger fir asthma or chronic cough. Gastroesophageal reflex will cause an damage to the esophagus due to the acidic material. While there is an other condition called

In a way, the esophagus is kind of like a stretchy and muscular highway that is about 10 inches long but rather than transporting people from destination to destination it transports food from the back of your throat and into your stomach. Besides your esophagus, also located at the back of your throat is what is known as your windpipe, which is connected to your lungs and allows air to enter and leave your body. When you swallow a small bit of bolus, a special