Essay On Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Acute respiratory distress syndrome, also known as ARDS, is the abrupt collapse of the respiratory system. It can advance in anyone 1 year and older who is critically ill. An individual with ARDS has accelerated breathing, difficulty getting adequate air into the lungs and decreased blood oxygen levels. ARDS normally develops in people who have major injuries or already ill with another disease. ARDS is usually a hospital acquired disease. ARDS is normally grouped with an almost indistinguishable condition called acute lung injury, but people with ARDS have much decreased oxygen in their blood, the condition is more dangerous. ALI can progress into ARDS if the oxygen levels continue to decrease.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral disease. Its cause is the coronavirus, and it has been a pandemic infection in the past (Thiel, 2007). While SARS has not been completely eradicated, the last confirmed infection was in 2004 and was laboratory induced (Thiel, 2007). The last confirmed, naturally-occurring case was in 2003 at the end of an outbreak (Smith, 2006; Blendon, 2003). There were few SARS-related deaths in the United States, but there were numerous infections. All of those people acquired the disease from traveling abroad, and it did not spread widely as the US population feared it might. The majority of SARS cases were in China, which caused some Asian-Americans in the US to feel stigmatized (Thiel, 2007). The following picture shows the cases and deaths by country: INCLUDEPICTURE "http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Sars_Cases_and_Deaths.pdf/page1-776px-Sars_Cases_and_Deaths.pdf.jpg" * MERGEFORMATINET

In a retrospective study conducted by Wimalasena, Burns, Reid, Ware, and Habig (2015), airway registry data spanning a four year time frame was analyzed to evaluate the association between the introduction of apneic oxygenation during RSI and the prevalence of oxygen desaturation (Level of Evidence: IV; Appendix A.2). Data was collected on all patients intubated between September 2009 and July 2013 from the Greater Sydney Area Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (N=728). The emergency anesthesia standard operating procedure (SOP) was updated in July 2011, introducing apneic oxygenation during intubation as standard practice.

According to the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), “Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), is a lung infection or pneumonia that develops in a person who is on a ventilator.” A ventilator is a machine that delivers oxygen to the patient via mouth, nose, or endo tracheal tube (CDC). Pneumonia can develop in a patient as soon as forty-eight to ninety-six hours after receiving mechanical ventilation (AJN). VAP is a common hospital acquired infections, especially on the intensive care units (ICUs). Our mouth has normal flora and also potentially harmful microorganisms which are managed by our immune system. Patients whom are critically ill or immunocompromised are unable to fight off these organisms. Their becomes home to pathogens, the patient is at risk of infection if oral care is not provided and they are receiving mechanical ventilation (AJN) Patients on ventilators are at higher risk of acquiring pneumonia, because the tube provides a path for potentially harmful organisms to enter into the lungs. Some of these pathogens may include Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus

Clinical Findings – ARDS is specified by the development of hypoxemia or acute dyspnea which could be from anywhere stemming from hours to days after the inciting event, such as drug overdose, trauma, massive transfusion, aspiration, or an acute pancreatitis. And in hindsight an inciting event that usually appears to be easier to identify in some drug overdose but harder to identify in others. Often, patients who develop ARDS tend to be more critically sick due to having a fatal organ failure, or also due to not being capable of providing any medical information. Illness tends to develop within 12 -48 hours but rare circumstances it may take up to few days depending on the situation.

There are many diseases all around the world that affect our loved ones. One in particular that is common among many hospitals is Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, also known as ARDS. Originally it was called Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome but realized that was not accurate because it not only affects adults but children also. ARDS is defined as "the acute onset of respiratory failure, bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph, hypoxemia as defined by a PaO2/FiO2 ratio ≤200 mmHg, and no evidence of left atrial hypertension or a pulmonary capillary pressure (Fanelli et al., 2013) It can also include cyanosis, tachypnea, dyspnea, reduced respiratory compliance and an arterial blood gas showing respiratory alkalosis with evidence of hypoxemia. Out of the many pulmonary disorders out there, ARDS is one of the most difficult diseases to manage and has a high mortality rate that comes with it.

Inverse ratio ventilation and Airway pressure release ventilation were also looked at in this study and they found only a short term benefit to patients with ARDS and was not recommended due to lack of trials with these modes showing an improvement in mortality.1

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening lung condition that prevents enough oxygen from getting to the lungs and into the bloodstream. According to Kacmarek, Stoller and Heuer, “ it has been proposed that ARDS can develop via different mechanisms and the risk factors for ARDS should be categorized either by direct injury to the alveolar space or indirect injury initiated by systemic disease (2014, p. 601)”. Common direct injuries to the lungs can include pneumonia, lung transplant, trauma, septic shock and aspiration among others. Without enough oxygen, an individual’s brain and other organs can be severely damaged. The brain is what controls the rate and depth of respiration. ARDS can lead to a buildup of fluid

HFPV is an effective intervention strategy for patients with acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. ALI/ARDS is characterized by altered fluid balance in the lungs and what HFPV does is it pushes the air into the lungs thereby removing the fluid that has built up in the alveoli out of the air sacs. A patient with ARDS/ALI experiences pulmonary or systemic inflammation leading to activation of alveolar macrophages and neutrophils to the lungs by cytokines and proinflammatory molecules. Leukotrienes, oxidants, platelet-activating factor, and proteases are then consecutively released damaging the capillary endothelium and alveolar epithelium. This destroys the barriers between the capillaries and airspaces. Because of this,

Acute respiratory distress syndrome is a life-threatening condition in which fluid collects in the lungs. This condition can cause severe shortness of breath and low oxygen levels in the blood. It can also cause the lungs and other vital organs to fail. The condition usually develops within 24 to 48 hours of an infection, illness, surgery, or injury.

ARDS occurs due to build up of fluid in the Alveoli causing a lack of oxygen to the bloodstream which leads to the vital organs being deprived of oxygen. For correcting lack of oxygen I would recommend mechanical ventilation using low tidal volume as well as an antibiotic to be administered as soon as possible and a conservative fluid management( in order to not overload causing further lung edema which will

When treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, it has been shown that most healthcare practitioners are focusing on episodes when the disease is in its exacerbation or its acute phase. When the patient presents with an acute exacerbation, the disease has already progressed to the point that could potentially be dangerous, but this can also be avoided.

This study is a clinical trial that aims to find out the effect of massage on behavioral state of neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. The participants were 45 neonates who hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit of Afzalipour hospital in Kerman. Parental consent was obtained for research participation. The inclusion criteria included all infants born with respiratory distress syndrome, less than 36 weeks gestational age and without of any the following conditions: contraindication of touch, skin problems, hyperbilirubinemia, anemia, respirators, chest tube, addicted mother, congenital and central nervous system disease. Infants entered the massage protocol during the second day after starting enteral feeding, because the

ARDS (Acute Lung Distress Syndrome) is a condition where there are buildup of fluid in the tiny air sacs in the lungs that is known as alveoli. This condition will lead to less oxygenation to the body and its main organ such as the lungs,brain and heart, which is hazardous. ARDS occurs when there is important trauma that will affect the lungs by direct or indirectly. When something like this occurs our body response automatically and quickly where it releases many natural molecules into the bloodstream which is called inflammatory reaction. This inflammatory reaction is protective and will help us fight against infection or heal from any injury. However, there will be times where this inflammatory molecules go against which will lead the tiny

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening condition which can be triggered by aspiration pneumonia. It is when the lungs become severely inflamed that causes increased permeability in the pulmonary vasculature and hypoxemia. The oedema and fibrin can cause stiffening of the lungs which decreases the lung compliance and also reduces the vital capacity of lungs. The inflammation of alveoli causes collapse which further reduces the concentration of the oxygen in the blood. Acute lung injury (ALI), on the other hand, is a subset of ARDS with less severe impairment in oxygenation (Ranieri, 2012). Protective ventilation strategy aims to prevent the aforementioned conditions by lowering the airway pressure and tidal volumes