Essay On Benzophenone

In order to isolate benzoic acid, benzocaine and 9-fluorenone, each component needed to be separated from one another. All three compounds began together in one culture tube, dissolved in methylene chloride and formed into a homogenous mixture. In this culture tube, two milliliters of aqueous three molar hydrochloric acid was added, which immediately formed two layers, the top acidic aqueous layer was clear in color and contained benzocaine, and the bottom organic formed was yellow and contained benzoic acid and 9-fluorenone. Benzocaine’s amino group is protonated by the aqueous layer hydronium. This protonation forms the conjugate acid of benzocaine, benzocaine hydrochloride. Thus, the conjugate acid, benzocaine hydrochloride is a salt in which is soluble in water and furthermore can be isolated from the organic mixture. When testing out the pH levels in benzocaine, the pH test strip was dark blue in color, indicating a pH level of around 5 to 7. When isolating benzoic acid, two milliliters of aqueous three molar sodium hydroxide was added, which deprotonates the carboxylic group in benzoic acid, forming its conjugate base, sodium benzoate. As with benzocaine hydrochloride, sodium benzoate is a water soluble ionic salt in the aqueous layer that can then be separated from the bottom organic layer containing the 9-fluorenone. The pH test strip was a vibrant red for benzoic acid, indicating a pH of 2. Now the 9-fluorenone is left, deionized water is added to remove any excess

The following equations and calculations are necessary in order to assess the results of the experiment. Calculation 1 utilizes Eq.1 to determine the mass and actual yield of triphenylmethanol on a watch glass. In all of the following calculations, “LR” refers to benzophenone, the limiting reagent of the experiment, and “Product” refers to triphenylmethanol.

6. The solubility of the solids were tested using a micro tray, by placing them in water and oil to observe their polarity,

Substance A and B were weighed; Substance A weighed 0.502 g and substance B weighed 0.503 g. Both substances were put into two different test tube with approximately 8 ml of DI water into the test tub. Substance A and B were stirred and B dissolved while A did not. This shows that B is soluble in water compared to A. Thus, shows that B is soluble in water than A. The reason why B is soluble in water is because it has a higher dipole moment than A. With a higher dipole moment, it shows that it is soluble in water since it is polar and the bonds were easily broken.

2) Explain your result of miscibility / immiscibility for water and diethyl ether. Make use of the concepts of polarity and of the

After the initial mixture has refluxed, 9.11 grams of benzophenone was dissolved in 100 mL of anhydrous ether in a beaker and was then transferred into the separatory on the reflux apparatus. This solution was then added to the Grignard reagent at a drop wise rate while stirring. After the benzophenone was added, the mixture was then refluxed for 15 minutes on a heating mantle.

Attractions between water and other molecules, which is adhesion, is also possible because of the polarity as well. In relation to hydrogen bonds, water’s high specific heat is changed when hydrogen bonds are made or broken. When a hydrogen bond breaks, heat is absorbed whereas when a hydrogen bond forms, heat is released. In addition to HSH, ice is able to float in liquid water because hydrogen bonds in ice is more structured than in water, making the ice less dense. Also, water is a versatile solvent because of its polarity, which helps it form hydrogen bonds (mentioned above). The structure of water molecules also affects the dissociation of water, where H2O breaks into H+ and OH- due to the polarity of the

Commonly used in medicine as an anesthetic or narcotic for pain relief, Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid. It is usually administered in very small doses as premedication for surgeries or as a reliever for chronic pain in cancer patients. In veterinary medicine, fentanyl can also be used to tranquilize or sedate animals. This substance can be found in the form of a tablet, injection, patch or spray, and is legal if it is prescribed for medical purposes. Intoxication can also occur through exposure, as detailed by the Drug Enforcement Administration.

Methanol (CH3OH) – is the most soluable, it will make a solution with water. This is due to the OH for H bonding, the polarity of the molecule and the size being the smallest alcohol.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that manifests in the form of undesirable inflammation. SLE is a disease that is beginning to be more and more common, and as such, its detection and treatment is a developing field of rheumatology. The disease can pose many threats in various ways, including, but not limited to, adverse hematologic, neuropsychiatric and musculoskeletal effects that may present in the form of low bloods counts, high levels of anxiety, and joint and muscle pain respectively. Studies have shown that antimalarial drugs such as plaquenil (generic name: hydroxychloroquine) may function as immunosuppressants, and due to this plaquenil is often used as a preliminary treatment for mild cases. Hydroxychloroquine is primarily used to treat the musculoskeletal effects of SLE, but also has unforeseen benefits such as increased bone density and cholesterol level maintenance (Jordan and D’Cruz, 2016).

Both taste sweet. 3. Water and Dissociation experiment Discussion: - Because of its polarity, water can form electrostatic interactions with other polar molecules and ionic compounds. The polar molecules and ions interact with the partially positive and partially negative ends of the water (with positive charges attract negative charges).

Dow Chemical Company and Shell Oil Company manufacture a substance known as Dibromochloropropane (DBCP). There have been many adverse effects due to exposure to DBCP, including but not limited to infertility. Due to these adverse effects that are often caused by inhalation exposure, the Environmental protection agency (EPA) banned DBCP in the United Stated. Dow and Shell shipped gallons of DCBP to Costa Rice to be used by Standard Fruit. Many employees of Standard Fruit that were exposed to the chemical, became infertile and sued Dow and Shell.

It is a steroidal hormone with various powerful nootropic reimbursements. And the Pregnenolone is an important hormone and used to a concentrate booster, mood improvement and energy pill. In a newly studies it have been found for improving the memory power, understanding and information giving out and dangerous investigation. This supplement is careful to be a pro hormone, which is a primarily fund. That it leads to the manufacture, development, or combinational number of the additional chemicals and hormones.

Benzophenone was soluble in methyl alcohol whiles biphenyl was partially soluble. Benzophenone and biphenyl are both nonpolar molecules. Methanol is intermediately polar, allowing both nonpolar molecules to be dissolved as it is not too polar or nonpolar. However, biphenyl is less polar than benzophenone. Since methyl alcohol is somewhat polar, the more polar benzophenone is more soluble in methyl alcohol than biphenyl. Also, benzophenone can make hydrogen bonds. Thus, benzophenone is more soluble in methyl alcohol than

Psychotropic medications are drugs that has a powerful effect on the central nervous system in the brain. Psychotropic medication alters the chemical in the brain which effect thought, mood, emotions and behaviors. Drugs are prescribed to treat a diagnosed mental disorder/illness such as Schizophrenia, Bipolar, Depression, etc. Medications can be useful to treat or alleviate the symptoms that an individual may experience. However, at the same time, psychotropic medications can do more harm than good. Psychotropic drugs can present dangerous side effects, and there is a potential risk that the client has to consider before taking them. With that being said, the patient should always discuss with their doctor the risks and benefits or if there is an alternative treatment available. Psychotropic medication has always been a hot debate, especially when deciding if it should have administered to children or not.