Essay On California Missions

The missions even encouraged it, offering Spanish men money and land in exchange for helping to unite the two cultures. However, although the men had no issue with bedding the Indian women, an insignificant percentage of them were willing to marry those women. The Spanish viewed the Indians as inferior and saw them as heathens that engaged in polygyny and homosexuality among other abhorrent acts. The missionaries especially frowned upon the berdaches that acted like and were treated as women, shaming and punishing them. In their attempts to “culture” the Indians, they created enemies of an otherwise peaceful people. The Spaniards engaged in what Father Junipero Serra referred to as a “plague of immorality”, raping Indian women out of stress and fear. The Mission of San Diego was destroyed by the Indians largely due to these acts, but only after the Indian population had been reduced to a fraction of what it was previously by diseases that had run rampant in their cramped living spaces in the Mission. The missionaries legitimately thought that they were saving these poor heathens, but in their ignorance they destroyed a

The Jesuit missionaries were also falsely represented in the film. They were rendered as heroic, very kind and almost Christ like in the movie. “They were martyrs and defenders of Indian rights.” They used nothing but the word and teachings of God to persuade the Guarani, and allowed the tribe to behave as they wished. Actual Jesuit missionaries of the 1700s did not defend Indian rights. With the development of missions, there came various rules and regulations that Jesuits and the Spanish were adamant on enforcing. Jesuits required that women wore cotton gowns and were not permitted to reveal private areas of the body. They also segregated males, females and children by gender. Women were placed in institutions in order to preserve their virginity for the reason that Jesuits believed it was honourable to become celibate. Joffe and Bolt illustrate that men and women were consistently in the presence of one another and often revealed their bodies. “The film overlooks how catholic missionaries imposed more

The indigenous people of California had existed on the lands as hunters-gathers before the arrival of the Spanish who were the first Europeans to reach this part of the Americas. These settlers who began surveying the area since 1530, helped introduce the mission system around 1697 as part of an effort to set up permanent bases for new arrivals and as a bulwark against other European powers. This establishment caused the natives to transition from their original lifestyle into agrarian farmers to help bring in revenue for the Spanish crown which led to them being exploited economically in the process. To establish order in this new land, the Spaniards used harsh punishments for rooting out defiance within the Indian population. However, eventually the natives would begin to die off in such large quantities that it echoed what else was happening what was happening in the rest of the continent. Overall, the effect on the indigenous population was predominantly negative due to contributing towards loss of culture, experiencing callous treatment at the hands of the Spanish, and forced population decline.

In the early 1700's, the country of Spain sent many explorers to the western world to claim land and find riches. When California was founded by several Spanish explorers, like Cabrillo, and De Anza, Spain decided to send missionaries to build missions. There are a total of 21 missions built in California. Mission Santa Ines was the 19th mission and was built to share the European God with the Indians and how to eat and dress like Europeans. Father Tapis wanted to make the Indians Christians and

My mission is named in honor of Saint Francis Solano, he was a Spanish Franciscan Missionary in Peru and Paraguay. It is the twenty-first and last of the California missions. It was founded by Fray Jose Altimira on July 4, 1823. Mission Sonoma, it’s shaped like a square of long buildings, forming a quadrangle, made of adobe bricks and wood. In one corner was the church, adjacent was living quarters and parallel were the workshops, kitchen, and storage. In addition, there were orchards, gardens, vineyards, fields of grain, a grist mill, houses for the soldiers and Indian families, a jail, a cemetery, and an infirmary.

The Spanish in contact with California occurred in the mid 1530s when Cortez’s men ventured to Baja California. They began to sail north to Alta California and established 21 missions. The expedition to Alta California was the last greatest expansion of Spain’s empire in North America. The missions were a series of religious and military settlements established by the padre. The Spanish constructed the missions to gain control and power over the land in California. San Francisco Solano Mission was the last mission established in Sonoma, the Valley of the Moon, resulted an important historical event in California and the existence of the California flag. The Spanish arrival to California created a major impact to the lives of the native Indians, and there were many significant events occurred among the Spaniards, the native Indians, and the Americans before California became a part of America.

One of the things which largely go unrecognized is how vital the missions were to the military in California in the 19th century. Since the military in California received little to no support during the Mexican revolution against Spain, and suffered more after Mexico won its independence from Spain in 1821. In particular, Mission San Jose was expected to furnish food to the military presidios as a way of preventing famines. In fact this had been established in the 1770’s with the Reglamento,

According to what we learn in the class, children were separated from their parents and kept in a separate place. They had to wake up very early in the morning and attended the classes and learn all about Christianity, instead of playing around and experiencing the outside world. My question here was how can children be happy if they were separated from their mother? I was looking for the truth in the mission, but I found lies all over, in the museum, in the church and in the garden. The history was depicted in the viewpoint of the Spanish priests and solders leaving out all the native Indians. There is a cemetery on the back side of the church.it was the final resting place for thousands of neophytes and the early settlers. Visiting the mission brings me both joy and sadness. I was happy to see such a beautiful architecture is preserved and it gives us some evidence about our past. Visiting this mission took me back in the history, to the mission era that lead to death of thousands of native Indians. The sad part is that there is nothing or very small information about the Indians in the mission. In this course we learned about Indians and how they were treated poorly by Spaniards. Indians were the main income source for the mission. They worked under a very strict and harsh condition. And they were punished if they tried to escape. The ultimate goal of Spaniards was to erase native’s culture completely

For example,one of the most recent disaster was a fire in 1926 (from“Fact Cards California ,Missions ,Mission Santa Clara De Asis”). How this affected the mission was that it made the mission more stable over the years. For example, when the first version of the mission was made of logs and then moved on to more stable materials like adobe bricks. Next, you will learn about the routine of the native americans and about which tribes were brought to this mission.

Miranda opens Bad Indians with a brief explanation of her family history and who she is within the book’s introduction. However, she quickly changes point of view when the introduction opens into the main text that presents us first with a set of poems written by Junípero Serra, who many view as the founding father of the mission system. We enter a book that can be described as harboring resentment for and against the mission system from the perspective of the man who began the mission system within California. This allows us to understand what some of Serra’s thoughts were in regards to the Indigenous peoples, not through an explanation given by an outside source, but through his own writings and expressions. Immediately after his poem we learn about the mission project required by most fourth grade curriculum and transition then into a text titled “Adobe Bricks” which lays out a recipe for building a mission. This depiction of what it takes to build a mission displays how the Indians were viewed as mere ingredients to a project rather than as actual human beings. The recipe explains how the Indians must “haul some dirt in” and run “back

The Mission Santa Clara is a historical California site that is laid in the center of the Santa Clara University. In 1777, it established and founded by the Franciscan Order. The mission’s purpose was to be the sister mission to Mission Dolores that is in San Francisco. Due to Mexico withdrawing from the Spanish Empire, the King of Spain and his Viceroy, the ones sponsoring the missions, were no longer in power. The Mexican government didn’t have enough resources and was not interested to maintain and upkeep the distant missions, removing the Spanish Franciscans. With little funds, the mission perished slowly until the ownership of the mission was passed over to the Society of Jesus, also called the Jesuits, in 1851. They made Santa Clara college and today, Mission Santa Clara is used as a student chapel and opened to the public.

Most Californians are introduced to the California Mission system in one of two ways: in their early education, or when they first visit a mission. Unfortunately, both methods are prone to simplification or bias in conveying the history of the missions. What this has led to is Californians who are ignorant of the history of the land they walk on. Consequently, visitors to the missions treat them as mere tourist attractions, instead of trying to embrace and understand the complex issues the missions represent.

This paper will discuss the impact Spanish colonization and Mexican control had on the indigenous Indian population in California between 1769 and 1848. As well as discussing the historical origins, social organizations, material conditions, and world-view of the California Indians prior to 1769, this paper will explain the impact of New Spain’s Mission System on the Alta California Indian population between 1769 to 1821 and the response of its system by the Indians.

This historical site encompasses a chain of five frontier Catholic missions, built by Franciscan missionaries along a 12.4 kilometer (7.7-mile) stretch of the San Antonio River in southern Texas in the early part of the 18th century. These missions tell a story of the Spanish colonial period in North America, and the efforts of the Spanish Crown to convert natives to Catholicism and protect and sustain New Spain’s northern frontier. The five missions are: San Jose, Espada, San Juan, Concepcion, and The Alamo/San Antonio de Valero. The San Antonio Missions also represents a blending of cultures-that of the Spanish and Coahuiltecan people, as evident in the decorative Catholic symbols and nature-inspired indigenous designs of the compounds. Today, Concepcion, San Jose, San Juan and Espada still serves as active Catholic parish churches.

The greed for gold and the race for El Dorado were the main inducements of the Spaniards who, at the peril of their lives, crossed the ocean in unfit vessels in a mad pursuit after the gold and all other precious property of the Indians” (Peace 479). The royal rulers of Spain made it a rule that nothing would jeopardize their ability to rob the land from the native people of Latin America. The missionary process, “had to be encouraged, but the missionaries could not be permitted to dominate the colony at the cost of royal rule” (Gibson 76). The European governments established missionaries to cleanse their minds of any guilt aroused by the slaughtering of innocent men, women, and children. When European “ships arrived in the 16th century to colonize the land and exploit its natural resources, they killed indigenous people and brought black slaves from Africa. Millions of indigenous people were slain and their cultures completely destroyed by the process of colonization” (Ribero). The overall devastations caused by the Christianization of the native inhabitants created a blend of cultures within the indigenous civilizations which gradually isolated old native ways into a small population of oppressed people. The Christianized people became a symbol of loyalty to the European powers and were left alone simply on their religious status. This long term mission of total religious replacement caused very strong and advanced