Comparing The Colon Cancer Cell Lines And In Vitro Cell Culture

70µL of competent E.coli are added to both test tubes; pUC18 and Lux (Alberte et al., 2012). Both test tubes are then tapped and placed back into the ice bath for 15 minutes. While waiting, another test tube is obtained, filled with 35µL of competent cells and labeled NP for no plasmid. A water bath is preheated to 37 degrees Celsius and all three labeled test tubes are inserted into the bath for five minutes (Alberte et al., 2012). Using a sterile pipet 300µL of nutrient broth are inserted into both the control and Lux test tubes and 150µL are inserted to the no plasmid test tube to increase bacterial growth. All three test tubes are then incubated at 37 degrees for 45 minutes. Six agar plates are obtained and labeled to correspond each test tube, three of the plates contain ampicillin. A pipet is used to remove 130µl from each test tube containing a plasmid and insert it into the corresponding agar plate. For this, a cell spreader is first

The 70's focused on research that involved fetuses in utero. The 80's shifted to research of transplantation of fetal tissue into adults with serious medical conditions such as diabetes, Parkinson's, and spinal cord injuries. The latest saga involves using cells from days-old "spare" embryos that are created in infertility treatment process and all are considered unethical and unmoral issues.

Incubation of both closed tubes took place in an ice bath, insuring the tubes were making contact with the ice, for ten minutes. While the ten minutes was passing five different plates were collected from the TA table: 1 LB plate, 2 LB/Ampicillin plates, 1 LB/Arabinose plate, and 1 LB/Ampicillin/Arabinose plate. Both the +pGLO and the –pGLO were transferred into the 42°C water bath using the foam rack as a holder. The tubes needed to make contact wityh the warm water for 50 seconds. After these fifty seconds were completed the tubes were placed back on ice immediately for another two minutes. The transfer from ice, to hot water, back to ice creates the best bacterial transformation results. Removal of the rack containing the tubes from the ice took place, putting the tubes on the bench top. Using a new sterile pipette, 250 µL of LB nutrient broth were added to each tube, making sure that for the second tube a new pipette was used. A 20-minute incubation at room temperature occurred. Then, using a new sterile pipette for each tube, approximately 100 µL were placed onto the appropriate

Stem cell research is the future of medical and biological research and remedies, and it is fascinating to watch the progression of this new and important science as it unfolds. These cells were discovered in mouse embryos in the 1980s, and are remarkable because of their potential to grow into a variety of different kinds of cells within a body. Common in fetuses, and more rare in adult animals of all kinds, stem cells can be manipulated in useful ways to repair many tissues, dividing limitlessly for therapeutic purposes. When a stem cell divides, each new cell has the potential either to remain a stem cell or to differentiate into more specialized tissue, such as nerve, pancreas, bone marrow, or unique blood components. Initially

With the advent of a wide variety of scientific advances in the medical field, especially those improvements in health-related fields, the quality of life for the earth’s inhabitants has improved greatly over the past century. Scientists continue to improve upon current knowledge and expand the field of medicine. Over the past few years, scientists have performed significant research pertaining to the study of stem cells. Many researchers see potential in the manipulation of stem cells - possible treatments for currently incurable diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s (Goldstein). With these new discoveries, though, questions as to the morality of such practices arise. While few find an

We live in a world where genetic sciences have gone beyond laws, and past the imagination. We have come to a point where we don’t know anymore what is right, and what is wrong. We have to decide. In fact, studies are made on embryonic stem cells that for now have the purpose to better our overall health. These stem cells are extracted from extra IVF embryos; they are used and destroyed. While it’s true that this research could cure serious illnesses as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, and orphan diseases for example; however, it’s also true that ending a potential life is immoral and illegal. We could definitely find an alternative to the embryonic stem cells to develop the science.

Researches are continuously looking for ways to cure and treat all kinds of diseases, so why are there limits being put on the kinds of treatments that can be used to treat or cure a disease? Embryonic Stem Cells can be used to treat many different diseases, but some people have their opinion that using these stem cells in medicine is unethical because they are coming from a human embryo. There are countries that have banned the use of embryonic stem cells in medicine, and in America there are people arguing that it should be banned here. But what about all of the lives these stem cells are saving, what if research continues and these embryonic stem cells end up being a cure to a disease? With this in mind, human embryonic stem cells

About Cells Cell, smallest unit of an organism that can function independently. All living organisms are made of cells, and it is generally held that nothing less than a cell can truly be said to be alive. Some microscopic organisms, such as bacteria and protozoa, are single cells whereas animals and plants are composed of many millions of cells assembled into tissues and organs. Although viruses and cell-free extracts are able to perform many individual functions of a living cell, they lack the capacity shown by cells of independent survival, growth, and replication and are therefore not considered

The society has evolved over the decades. Medical advances, greater technologies, better understanding of the world around us, the sky is the limit! The progression of a society is astounding from where it was just twenty years ago. One is able to do things that the forefathers would have never dreamed! Science has discovered ways to travel to the moon and back, reach some of the deepest depths of the oceans and discover new species, and drive hybrid cars. The achievements of today’s society have reached a new high; however, with great achievement comes great questions of ethics.

The purpose of this lab is to see the effects of pasteurization while emphasizing the process for serial dilutions.

The neutrophils and macrophages are phagocytic leukocytes that are present in large numbers and are evident within hours at the site of inflammation. The neutrophil is the primary phagocyte that arrives early at the site of inflammation, usually within 90 minutes of injury, and is often referred to as PMN’s (polymorphonuclear neutrophils or segmented neutrophils (segs). The neutrophil count in the blood often increases greatly during an inflammatory process, especially with bacterial infections (Porth, p. 379). Neutrophils have a lifespan of only about 10 hours, and as a result, the circulating WBC count is increased, causing leukocytosis. With excessive demand for phagocytes, immature forms of neutrophils are released from the bone marrow. These immature cells are called bands. Within 24 hours, mononuclear cells arrive at the inflammatory site, and by 48 hours, monocytes and macrophages are the predominant cell

Embryonic stem cell research is a highly controversial topic in today's society, this kind of stem cell commits to regenerate any type of tissue. Unfortunately, Embryonic Stem Cell Research has a dark side. To obtain these cells will kill the embryo automatically. In other words, the acquirement of the Human Embryonic Stem Cell includes performing an abortion. To obtain these cells, it would kill the embryo. This has created controversy since abortion is such a divisive topic. Politicians are uneasy to take sides. The Human Embryonic Stem Cell issue is today's Pandora's Box due to all the unwittingly chaos that it can bring to our lives. By having this new option available in the medical world,

After the incubation, 1.5 mL of each of the three cultures were added to eppendorf tubes and centrifuged at 13,200 rpm for 1 minute. An alkaline lysis procedure like that of Birnboim and Doly was then performed to extract the plasmid DNA with 200 μl of alkaline SDS detergent solution (Birnboim & Doly, 1979). After

However, gentamicin penetrated into epithelial cells may occur at a slow rate, long term incubation was not recommended (Friis, Pin, Pearson, & Wells, 2005). The antibiotic was washed away and the cultured mammalian cells were lysed with a detergent to release intracellular bacteria. The invasion efficiency was determined by a viable count of the released bacteria and was usually expressed as a percentage of the initial bacterial inoculum. Limitation was the assay can be affected by many parameters. The culture conditions used to grow the bacteria that greatly altered invasion levels. This conditions were the bacterial growth media and the environmental conditions. For example, temperature, oxygen, and growth state. Antibiotic-free minimal essential media (MEM) supplemented with fetal calf serum (FCS) was compatible with most invasion systems and MEM may be used to resuspend the bacteria prior to addition to the cultured cells. The bacteria and eucaryotic cells were usually incubated at physiological conditions of 37°C and 5% CO2 at humidified

A sterile pipette was used to add 0.1ml of E. coli culture to the pH 3.0 tube. This was then repeated for the tubes at pH 7.0 and pH 9.The tubes were then incubated at 37oC for 48 hours. This was then repeated for saline culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae but incubated for 72 hours at 25oC.