Dong-Pyou Han, Ph. D, former Research Assistant Professor in the Department of biomedical services at Iowa State University of science and technology was found to be engaged in research fraud. It was found that Han falsified results to develop vaccine against human immunodeficiency virous -1 by intentionally spiking samples of rabbit sera with human antibodies. The falsification made it appear that rabbits induced antibodies that is able to neutralize a broad range of HIV-1 strains. The results were considered a breakthrough in the efforts to find an HIV vaccine. Falsified neutralization assay results were reported in laboratory meetings, in seven national and international symposia between 2010 and 2012 and in grants applications and progress …show more content…
Test results showed that rabbits who received the vaccine GP41 showed sign of antibodies against the virus in the blood, suggesting that the vaccine had induced an immune response. According to Han, the rabbits’ blood became contaminated with human antibodies by mistake. Han claimed that he realized the mistake to late, which was why he did not inform Cho, the principle investigator, (Phillips,2015).
Instead of admitting any mistake, Han who was the lab manager and had direct access to the samples, continued for years to spike future samples with human antibodies and helped to supply falsified data for the research grant applications. In early 2013, however, researchers trying to validate Cho’s team results found human antibodies in rabbit blood samples sent by Cho’s lab. Cho immediately reported the problem and the Iowa State University and federal government lunched an investigation (Phillips,2015).
The elements of misconduct and fraud include,
1- Failure to notify the Principle Investigator and REB of any mistake that could have happened initially and lead to the mixing of the human antibodies and the rabbits’ sera. 2- Iintentionally spiking the rabbit sera samples with human IgG known to contain broadly neutralizing antibodies to provide the desired
IgG – funtions in neutralizing, opsonation, compliment activation, antibody dependent cell-mediated cytocity, neonatal immunity, and feedback inhibition of B-cells and found in the blood.
According to the letter, the samples of the vaccines tested were found to have been contaminated.
have a vaccine for Hepatitis B and the use of animal testing is their best hope for finding
This only goes to show you that animal testing is wrong because it only perpetuates torment and abuse. These animals have no say in how they want to live and are forced to take part in medical research when in actuality they would rather roam outside into the real world living the life that they were supposed to. Animal testing only prevents that which is why scientists and researchers should begin to try new things such as using alternatives so that animals will not suffer anymore.
Alternatives may be useful, but, in some situations, animal testing is still very important in the development of the medical experiments. Vaccines and medication must be thoroughly tested before they are put on the shelves. A poor job cannot be done because a human life could be put at risk.
an experiment on creatures gives the wrong result since creatures' bodies are not precisely the same as our own. As indicated by Mike Levitt (2011), "At present, the clear majority of test medications flop in clinical studies since we can't precisely anticipate how they will act in individuals in light of lab and creature ponders.". At the point when the aftereffects of creature tests have been contrasted with what we see in people, the outcomes are extremely poor. For instance, BUAV (2012) reports that "more than 85 HIV/AIDS antibodies have been appeared to work in monkeys, however to date none of these have worked barbaric trials"
1. The differences between animals and humans leads to incorrect information and test results during trials.
Human experimentation has a history of scandal that often shapes people’s views of the ethics of research. Often the earliest cited case is English physician Edward Jenner’s development of the smallpox vaccine in 1796,where he injected an eight-year-old boy child with pus taken from a cowpox infection and then deliberately exposed her to an infected carrier of smallpox. Although Jenner’s experiment was successful and it confirmed his theory, the method of
Furthermore, animal testing is an important factor in the medical field because patients are unlikely to participate in clinical research simply because they don’t like going through the trials and getting a placebo. “Forty-six percent of patients did not want to risk going through the effort of participating in a trial and getting a placebo for their efforts, while 34 percent didn’t want to feel like “guinea pigs” (
In 1985, over 10,000 cases of AIDS were reported worldwide (White and Fenner 1986). Just over a decade later, in 1998, the Global AIDS Policy Coalition estimated that 30.6 million people were infected with HIV worldwide. It has also been projected that by the year 2000, between 40 and 70 million adults will be infected with HIV (New Generation Vaccines 1997). Over 90% of all HIV-1 infected individuals live in developing nations: 50% in Southeast Asia and 40% in sub-Saharan Africa. However, even with all of these alarming statistics and projections, there is hope for the future of humanity. This hope is a potential anti-AIDS vaccine. An anti-AIDS vaccine is the best bet. Among other factors, the large costs associated with therapeutic
The NEAVS demonstrates that animal testing is often unsuccessful by reporting that 95% of all cancer drugs that work on animals fail in human testing (“Limitations”). The NEAVS further argues that sometimes drugs produced from animal experimentation actually harm humans as they report that an arthritis drug, Vioxx, was deemed safe by animal studies but was taken back in 2004 after causing 60,000 deaths in the US (“Limitations”). As shown, the NEAVS primarily argues that animal experimentation should be banned because it often fails to benefit humans (“Limitations”). Although the NEAVS poses strong information as to why animal testing is ineffective, information published by the NEAVS might only pose the negatives of animal testing as the organization works to end animal experimentation (“Limitations”). Gill Langley, a British scientist, agrees with the NEAVS that the high failure rate of animal testing proves that it should be banned. She supports her argument by stating that 100% of the AIDS vaccines developed using chimpanzees and monkeys failed to work in humans (Langley). Langley demonstrates the unsuccessfulness of animal testing by reporting that within 97 drugs for stroke that have passed animal tests, only two work.
Animal experiments have become problematic. Indeed, not only animal experimenters but also the tests results have showed immense failures in achieving their intended purpose. Should the researchers continue with this practice when it is indeed clear that there are new alternatives that can provide the same or even better results than animal testing? These examples exemplify the need for urgency in resolving problems that are associated with animal experiments.
I. Animal testing that is used for human’s health and products used by them are unreliable.
Although there has been thousands of reports of animal abuse in the field of medical testing, there has also been an extraordinary amount of success that come from these examinations. With these tests, scientists were able to advance in
Which life is more valuable, a human or an animal? Put yourself in an animal’s position. What if you’re pet was the animal chosen to be tested on for “human safety”? What would you say? How would you react? According to Dr. Richard Klausner, former Director of the National Cancer Institute, “We have cured cancer in mice for decades and it simply didn’t work in humans.” Even chimpanzees, our closest genetic relatives, do not accurately predict results in humans—of the more than 80 HIV vaccines that have proven safe and efficacious in chimpanzees, all have failed to protect or prove safe in humans in nearly 200 human clinical trials, with one actually increasing a human’s chance of HIV infection. For countless years’ animals testing has become a known audacious idea to humans. More than 30 million animals have been used for all kinds or testing and experiments. Animal testing is unlawful and other techniques can be replaced instead of animal testing by stem cells, computerized database and chemicals.