ADDITONAL ENGLISH
C.I.A -1
Marginalization of Urdu language and its literature.
By:Sayeed ur Rehaman Class: BBA(F & A) SEC: A Registration No:1412129
Urdu a language considered as a heritage and tradition predominantly among the people of India and Pakistan, a history of Urdu will give you an insight about the importance of its rich heritage,
Urdu is a language which is similar to Hindi is a form of an Indian language, it was evolved and developed in the early period of 6th to 13th century AD after the advent of Islam in middle eastern countries, it is dominantly influenced by the Arabic and Persian languages and roots of certain words and vocabulary can be traced to the ancient language of India i.e. Sanskrit because the language was evolved in India. With the advent of Islam in India the language was mostly adopted by Muslim Indians and Persian was earlier used by Muslims in India even the Mughal empire in India in the early days had
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And even people started exploring English and marginalized their traditional languages because English was considered as the language of knowledge as it consisted modern civilization, research and innovations published in English language , but even though there were large number of people wanting to learn English ,Urdu had its own importance as even the British government recognised Urdu as an official language because as large part of India i.e. province of Lahore( currently Pakistan) had dominantly practicing Urdu as they associated the language with their religion as most of the holy scriptures were translated from Arabic to Urdu by many writers, Urdu language had its own importance as people considered it as the language which had deep meanings into literary
Arabic spread globally as a result of religion, not English. It is clearly stated on pg. 184 of the textbook that “a large percentage of the world’s Muslims have at least some knowledge of Arabic because Islam’s holiest book, the Quran(Koran), was written in that language in the seventh century”. Arabic spread because being that Islam is a universalizing religion, the large amount of people that converted to the religion also had to learned the Arabic language, thus helping it spread. Therefore, Arabic spread globally as a result of religion, not English.
The language is defined as “human communication through the use of spoken or written words,” but that definition must include that language is also a cultural identity – “the fact of being who or what a person or thing is”. In other words, the language provides information about your roots; it is one of the most valuable resources to communicate with your mother culture.
While growing up, the language spoken in my home was Punjabi, and this was spoken by my whole family, including my parents and grandparents. My parents are from Jalandhar, India and my grandparents are originally from East Pakistan, therefore our dialect of Punjabi is Doabi, which is spoken slightly differently than other dialects. Dialects are variations in language, where speakers can still understand each other. On the other hand, two different languages would be unintelligible. Punjabi is a diverse language, which has various dialects, depending on the city in Punjab one has originated from. I was born in India and lived there for a while until my family moved to Vancouver, when I was two years old.
The Gupta’s promoted Sanskrit, which became the language of educated people, but this, did not change the diversity of popular, regional languages. Both India and China were technologically advanced in their societies with new inventions and ideas.
“Our culture, our traditions, our languages are the foundations upon which we build our identity.” - Unknown. The concept of bilingualism represents several different ideas, two writers share their personal stories about learning being immersed into the English culture and learning the language. They both share their views of what Bilingualism means to them personally and make arguments about the importance of the concept.
In contrast to Han China’s official Mandarin language, Classical India did not develop a unified language. During the Zhou Dynasty, the Chinese created the language of Mandarin. As a centralized dynasty, China made Mandarin its official spoken language, and brought about linguistic unity in the empire. Whereas, Classical India, being a regional empire, did not require a unified language considering the separated areas that could speak different languages and dialects in each region. The development of Mandarin aided Han China by creating a unified language that would enhance trade and communication inside the
We are all members of a social group and members of `society´ as a whole. People interact in many ways and communication is just about the most common and among the most important. Whatever is meaningful to a group, from their everyday life to their traditions constitutes their very own culture and is generally respected by all group members. Language is only one of such items. For ethnic minority groups that may have a language of their own, their language is a cornerstone in their culture.
The ancestral language of India was Sanskrit. Over time, Sanskrit evolved into Hindi and other Indian languages. The Indo-European language family is the largest in the world. The Indo-European language family is believed to have its origins in Eastern Europe. Indo-European offspring include languages such as Latin and the various Romance languages and Celtic languages among many others.
The most widespread group of languages today is the Indo-European, spoken by half the world's population. This entire group, ranging from Hindi and Persian to Norwegian and English, descended from the language of a tribe of nomads roaming the plains of eastern Europe and western Asia as recently as about 3000 BC (Communication).
Modern day Pakistan’s land has traditionally been Muslim for many years. In the early nineteenth century it was ruled by Britain and considered part of the British Indian Empire. In 1947, a partition was granted from the British, and Pakistan and India were created as their own countries. As the previous British Empire divided,
The first written record of Sanskrit appears to be the Rig-Veda dating back almost 5000 years. Sanskrit itself had 2 major forms throughout history, the ancient Vedic sanskrit dating back to 1500 B.C.E. There is also more modern classical sanskrit dating back to approximately 500 B.C.E. Sanskrit was the choice language at the time and was even used to write the Mahabrahta and Rahmayana, some of the greatest Indian texts ever written. Sanskrit then later evolved into languages like Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi, Bengali, Marathi and Sindhi.
The eventual genocide was preceded by a number of events that angered the Bengali people, which would inspire some to take to nationalism and lead to government intervention. First, months after the creation of Pakistan, Urdu was declared the national language by the governor-general in 1948, despite the fact that only four percent of the population could speak it. As a result of negativity to the Western Bengali people, those who supported the use of Bengali received the label of a traitor, terrorist, and enemies of the state. In response to successive governments’ refusals to recognize Bengali as the second national language, the Bengali people created a language movement that soon became supported by the new Awami League, an alternative
The history of the Arabic language goes back thousands of years, thus many branches of the language exist among many people, but its prevalence became apparent following the emergence of Islam. The Quran was originally written in Arabic, thus through Islamic state building and expansion, its use was extended. Islamic empires like the Umayyad Caliphate, the Ottoman Empire, the Safavid Empire and the Mughal Empire were vast
fārsi is the predominant modern descendant of Old Persian, a southwestern Iranian language within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages. It is primarily spoken in Iran, Afghanistan (officially known as Dari Persian since 1958 for political reasons),[7] and Tajikistan (officially known as Tajiki Persian since the Soviet era for political reasons.
Language is a system of communication which consists of a set of sounds and written symbols which are used by the people of a particular country or region for talking or writing. It is considered as an art because when used it able to help a person develop or create a certain picture in the mind. Language being an artifact of culture means that it is an interesting thing that is created by the people. It is an aspect of their way of life of the people. It also helps in development of the people as writers and intellects. As a culture it is a people’s way of life and therefore the impact it has to human beings cannot be under looked.