Essay On Menopause

Hypothyroidism a common endocrine disorder resulting from deficiency of thyroid hormone which can cause symptoms such as fatigue, hair loss, and menstrual disturbances ("Hypothyroidism: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology," 2017).

·     The average age of menopause onset is 51 years old. There is no single method to

TPO is an enzyme that plays a role in the production of thyroid hormones. However, over time, thyroiditis causes slow and chronic cell damage leading to the development of a goiter (enlarged thyroid) with gradual thyroid failure, and most patients will eventually develop symptoms of hypothyroidism. Hypothyroid symptoms may include fatigue, weight gain, constipation, increased sensitivity to cold, dry skin, depression, muscle aches and reduced exercise tolerance, and irregular or heavy menses. (American Thyroid Association 2017).

Week 3 – LOM Assignment The thyroid is responsible for taking iodine and converting it into thyroid hormones which are released into the blood stream and transported throughout the body where they control metabolism.1 The thyroid is a vital part of the human body as every cell in the body depends on it for metabolic regulation. Too much or too little thyroid hormone secretion can result in hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is caused when the thyroid secretes too many thyroid hormones. Hyperthyroidism causes a rapid heart rate, elevated blood pressure and tremors. Other symptoms include increased nervousness, inability to concentrate, weakness, restlessness, difficulty sleeping, frequent bowel movements, weight loss and irregular

Graves ' disease is an immune system disorder that results in the overproduction of thyroid hormones (hyperthyroidism). The thyroid gland is an important organ of the endocrine system. The gland is located at the front of the neck above where the collarbones meet. This gland releases the hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which control body metabolism. Controlling metabolism is important for regulating mood, weight, and mental and physical energy levels. When the body makes too much thyroid hormone, the condition is called hyperthyroidism. Graves disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism and is most common in women over age 20. But the disorder can occur at any age and can affect men as well. Some of the symptoms of Graves diseases are

A summary of the similarities and differences as noted above is as follow: Individuals with hypothyroidism, can experience fatigue, lack of energy, weight gain, hair thinning and loss, cold intolerance, and brittle nails (Lund et al., 2018). Adrenal insufficiency symptoms include fatigue, weakness, brittle nails, and weight loss (NIDDK, 2017). Menopause symptoms can include fatigue, mood changes, weight gain, hot flashes, hair thinning and loss (Lund et al., 2018).

Up to twenty-five percent of American women suffer from slight thyroid slowdowns. But often the symptoms go untreated. Some of the symptoms are fatigue, weight gain, brain fog, dry skin, and thinning hair. We sometimes just think that as we get older things such as weight gain and fatigue get harder to combat so we don't even ask our doctor if their could be a medical cause. And when we do many doctors don't recognize the narrow range between normal thyroid function and clinical hypothyroidism, so borderline problems are often missed. This will not replace a doctors' diagnosis but you can do a simple test that ID a sluggish gland. Do this test in the morning. Take your underarm temperature before you get out of bed. Hold a mercury thermometer in place for ten minutes or a digital model for one minute. If it is lower than 97.8 Fahrenheit for three consecutive mornings, you thyroid may need a little revving. And there are some things that you can do to boost your thyroid. First a good one to try is steamed veggies. The thyroid depends on iodine to make the hormones that regulate energy and metabolism. But compounds called goitrogens in cruciferous veggies (such as broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, and kale) can block the body's absorption of iodine. The solution: Enjoy these veggies steamed since heat deactivates goitrogens. To further safeguard iodine levels, season one dish per day with powdered kelp. This salty sprinkle delivers 485 mcg of organic iodine. which is better utilized by the thyroid than the iodine in table salt. Another thyroid booster is selenium. Even minor selenium shortfalls (which strike one in five women) can impede thyroid function. That's because the mineral helps the body convert thyroxine hormone into triiodothronine, the active form that governs body processes. Grains and seeds were once considered great selenium sources but modern

Pathogenesis: both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism can lead to amenorrhea, though most commonly it present as primary amenorrhea in patients with hypothyroidism. Low levels of thyroid hormones, T3 and T4, stimulate the hypothalamus to produce thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), which stimulates both thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin production in the anterior pituitary. High prolactin levels inhibit GnRH production in the hypothalamus, which is needed for LH and FSH activation in the anterior pituitary. Without LH and FSH, ovarian follicles cannot mature and menstruation does not occur.

There are many causes of hyperthyroidism, but the symptoms of hyperthyroidism are the same no matter what causes the over expression of thyroid hormones. The main symptoms of hyperthyroidism are fatigue, shortness of breath, weak muscles, anxiety, difficulty sleeping and heart palpitations. Interestingly, even with an increase in appetite the patient will have weight loss.

Since the term “menopause” refers to the cessation of a woman's menstruation cycle, the symptoms that occur prior to this are referred to as “peri-menopause.” The symptoms begin a few years before the end point, and they are uncomfortable to say the least. Hot flashes, mood-swings, weight gain, and trouble sleeping are just a few of them. They are caused by the sudden decrease in the production of progesterone and estrogen in the body, which are the most predominant amount of hormones that a woman has. The more that the hormone levels drop, the worse that the

A sudden feeling of heat over your face, neck, and chest with reddening of the skin with chills afterwards is called a hot flash. Hot flashes can also cause a rapid heartbeat, and vary in intensity and length. Though there is no exact cause known, it is assumed they are due to hormonal shifts which affect our body’s thermostat.

Vasomotor symptoms are episodes of profuse heat accompanied by sweating and flushing, experienced predominantly around the head, neck, chest, and upper back. These are experienced by the majority of women during the menopausal transition. In Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN), 60-80% of women experience vasomotor symptoms at some point during the menopausal transition, with prevalence rates varying by racial/ethnic group (Gold EB et al. 2006). Research from SWAN indicates that the occurrence and frequency of vasomotor symptoms peak in the late perimenopause and early post-menopausal years (Dennerstein L,1996) or the several years surrounding the final menstrual period. Reproductive hormones likely play an integral role, as evidenced by the onset of vasomotor symptoms occurring in the context of the dramatic reproductive hormone changes of the menopausal transition and by the therapeutic role of exogenous estrogen in their treatment (Randolph JF, et al.

•Abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal period- Perimenopause is the time period before menopause, which can last several years (average 5 years) and is caused by fluctuations in ovarian function (Cash & Glass, 2014). Irregular menses with heavy blood flow can be a sign of perimenopause (Maldonado & Zúñiga, 2005). Other symptoms can include lighter menses, hot flashes, mood swings, sleep disturbance and changes in vaginal, bladder or sexual function (Mayo Clinic, 2016). In the U.S., the average age of menopause is 50-52 years (Maldonado & Zúñiga, 2005). Most women experience menopause between 44 and 55 years of age, but some may be younger or older (Cash & Glass, 2014). Risk factors for an

During pregnancy, if you have pre-existing hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, you may require more medical attention to control these conditions during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester. Occasionally, pregnancy may cause symptoms similar to hyperthyroidism in the first trimester. If you experience palpitations, weight loss, and persistent vomiting, you

Have you ever been annoyed or angry at the world and you don’t know why? Have you had bad premenstrual syndrome or lashed out at everyone on when you were on your period since before you could remember? These are signs that your hormones are unbalanced. If you are always cold, your thyroid may be under-producing. Always hot? It could be overproducing. Other glands in your body may not be producing enough hormones, while others could be producing too much.