Max Weber Monopolistic Closure Essay

Thesis Statement: Apartheid may have been a horrible era in South African history, but only so because the whites were forced to take action against the outrageous and threatening deeds of the blacks in order to sustain their power.

The Apartheid was initiated as a ploy for Europeans to better control the exploited populations for economic gain, as maintaining tension between the different racial classifications diverted attention from the Europeans as it fed hatred between groups. This assisted in minimizing unity between the exploited to rally against European control as it backhandedly induced “submission” for survival. One way of accomplishing this was by instilling laws that’d force segregation, classification, educational “requirements”, and economic purposes. The Population Registration Act of 1950 enacted, requiring segregation of Europeans from Afrikaans . Following shortly, the Group Areas Act of 1950 was enacted as a new form of legislation alongside the Population Registration Act. This detailed act separated tribes based on ethnics; consequently, further detailing segregation amongst the natives .

Monopolies are defined as an industry dominated by one corporation, or business, like standard oil. They are a main driver of inequality, as profits concentrate more on wealth in the hands of the few.(Atlantic). A monopoly has total or nearly all control of that industry. They are considered an extreme result of the U.S. free market capitalism. The business own everything, from the goods to the supplies to the infrastructure. This company will become big enough to buy out other competitors or even crush their competitor by lowering their prices to get the other business to go out of business. They will then control the whole industry without any restarted, having the prices be what they want and the product to be in what condition they want

Within the framework of an oligopolistic market, mergers could also result from what can be described as a behavior of “oligopolistic reaction”. (Knickerbocker, 1973) defines oligopolistic reaction as “a corporate behavior by which rival firms in an industry composed of a few large firms counter one another’s moves by making similar moves themselves (Knickerbocker, 1973). Thus, if two firms in an oligopolistic industry merge, others might react by merging in turn (Cantwell, 1992), independently of whether shareholders will gain or lose as a result.

This paper will be outlining the basic structure of the laws that segregated the black population of South Africa throughout the 1900’s. It will also be explaining important people involved in the dismantling of apartheid and the foreign nations that helped to influence South Africa’s government to change. However, the primary goal for this paper is to inform the reader about the reasoning behind apartheid, the events leading up to it, and how it was reformed.

The South African Apartheid, instituted in 1948 by the country’s Afrikaner National Party, was legalized segregation on the basis of race, and is a system comparable to the segregation of African Americans in the United States. Non-whites - including blacks, Indians, and people of color in general- were prohibited from engaging in any activities specific to whites and prohibited from engaging in interracial marriages, receiving higher education, and obtaining certain jobs. The National Party’s classification of “race” was loosely based on physical appearance and lineage. White individuals were superficially defined as being “obviously white'' on the basis of their “habits, education and speech as well as deportment and demeanor”; an

We commence by examining South-African apartheid and its historical and theoretical context. Apartheid was a system of racial segregation used in the overtly racist regime in South Africa from 1948 to 1991. It was based on laws that banned “marriage and sexual relations between different “population groups” and requir[ed] separate residential areas for people of mixed race (“Coloreds”), as well as for Africans” (Fredrickson 3). These laws were based on the same obsession with “race purity” that characterized other racist regimes, most notably Jim Crow America and Nazi Germany. The system was justified in terms of “cultural essentialism” and “seperate development”. Cultural essentialism means that each culture has inherent features that differentiate the members of this cultural group from others. The concept of separate development

The convergence of racial unity and inroads towards the non-classification of race has been compromised by the accumulation of rights, privileges, and perceptions of the “whites”, and the life experiences, inequalities and societal impediments of the ‘non-white”. These experiences represent an overarching inability to forge ahead without cognizant realizations of past injustices and reparation for past aggressions. Noting the attempts at racial reunification in South Africa and the redress of exclusionary policies existing within the

Good evening, from this week reading I have learned that race is social construction. According to social conventions no one born "black" or "white" but people label each other as black and white. The most interesting thing I found in this weekly reading was racial democracy has been widely spread in Brazil than the United States of America. However, in my opinion, color of skin still affect the life chances in both Countries. For instance, in both Countries lighter skinned African descent have more advantage than darker skinned. In addition, as it mentioned in the book, In South Africa, people of African descent hold a majority of the population. So, why were white people still racially dominating in South Africa even after Apartheid

The role of this article was to prove the fact that “whiteness” is a social construct and not a racial identity, which, in her own opinion, needs to be demolished. Expanding on this point, the author states it to be designed for the creation of a superior social group and how membership to this social superior group wasn’t based on skin color, but on social status instead. Additionally, she also states that due to the fact that “whiteness” is a social construct, its ideals are also bound to change over time as well, which is demonstrated in this case , through the example of the Irish being initially excluded from the idea of whiteness in the early 20th century. Here, she elaborates further on how the Irish later became incorporated into this “superior social group” to prevent the low-wage Irish and African-Americans from forming an economic bloc and to also slow down the economic competitiveness of African-American

Who has the authority to tell anyone they’re lesser than a white man? White supremacy is egregious, and can hurt a whole race. Today the writer is going to write about white supremacy. It was the worst thing to happen to America, and has consumed a great deal of our history. From Ancient Egypt to today, 2016, white supremacists have prowled the earth. The height of popularity for this social phenomenon was during the European colonial expansion, which was in the eighteen hundreds when many countries started to adopt the idea. Many countries soon after, dropped the idea of slavery, but then proceeded with racism in various ways. This paper will include discussion of segregation, slavery and other things like hate groups.

In the article ”Learn about South Africa”, Hannah Lantos educates us on how Black and coloured people who lived in South Africa, had little rights until a man named Nelson Mandela came along and restored equality. The native people in South Africa lived peacefully until diamonds and gold were discovered and many people went there to work in the mines and to own them (Lantos par.3). The conflict still continued and the native people had a very difficult time.”The Natives’ Land Act of 1913 severely restricted the ownership or land by ‘Black’ to the small percentage of 7%” (Lantos par. 4). The National Party was elected and they intensified the racial segregation program (Lantos par. 4). A man named Nelson Mandela was against this unfair apartheid

South Africa has long been known for the racist policies that were implemented by the government during apartheid. In reality, many of these policies were introduced before apartheid, and thus South Africa today is affected by centuries rather than just a few decades of racism. The racial practice and policies of the nineteenth century that developed out of South Africa’s mineral revolution were then carried into the apartheid era, and are of particular importance for black South African families. The desires of the white population to have sufficient labour and to monitor it while reserving urban areas for whites occasioned the government to create restrictive laws starting in the late nineteenth century which were carried into apartheid. These laws and practices broke apart the South African black family and has resulted in enduring consequences for black families and South Africa.

Throughout United States history we can repeatedly see the unequal treatment of minority groups. The U.S. has always tried to reap benefits out of each decision taken, and often does not take into consideration the rights and treatment of minorities. There are many ways they have conducted their injustices to different groups of people. The two important models of minority exclusion that have been discussed as being shared among Native Americans, African Americans, and Asian Americans are apartheid and economic or political disempowerment. Apartheid is a model that was mostly seen during the “pre-civil rights race relations in the U.S.”(Week 3 Lecture 1). Apartheid literally means being separated or apart and can be encountered through racial segregation. This mode is usually enforced through means of force and threat of violence, it became challenging to sustain because of the high cost to maintain police powers in each state in order to enforce their threats.”(Week 3 Lecture 1). Economic or political disempowerment is when existing powers or rights belonging to a group of people are taken away from them. Different groups may experience the removal of distinct rights. My thesis is that both models of exclusion created obstacles and molded the political opportunities for the previously mentioned minorities: among Native Americans, African Americans and Asian Americans the inequity of apartheid was the common model of exclusion. Once apartheid ended it would lead to the

Many of the contemporary issues in South Africa can easily be associated with the apartheid laws which devastated the country. The people of South Africa struggle day by day to reverse “the most cruel, yet well-crafted,” horrific tactic “of social engineering.” The concept behind apartheid emerged in 1948 when the nationalist party took over government, and the all-white government enforced “racial segregation under a system of legislation” . The central issues stem from 50 years of apartheid include poverty, income inequality, land ownership rates and many other long term affects that still plague the brunt of the South African population while the small white minority still enjoy much of the wealth, most of the land and opportunities