Signal Enhancing and Noise Reducing Experimental Design to Increase Quality Design and analysis of a research study are necessary to an answer to the research problem and can be a simple two group design or multiple variables and variable level design to collect the necessary data to derive a supporting or opposing hypothesis (Jackson, 2011). An experiment and its design should 1) reduce or eliminate influencing factors, 2) randomly assign the treatments and 3) use multi-level design to increase the quality of the outcome of the research study (Wiley, 2009).
This paper will focus on the factorial and covariance or blocking designs used in complex research studies to improve the quality of the research and its outcome
Improving quality
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An example of a factorial design would be an educational study to determine if a particular setting delivers better test scores. The design would take on a 2x2 structure where the two factors to be considered are 1) setting where the education takes place and 2) the length of time the education takes place. The levels of the factors would be 1) setting is in a classroom and 2) setting is online and time of education would be 1) four hours a week and 2) eight hours a week. The 2x2 structure then allows for the variables to be measured against one another for outcomes. The study would consist of four groups; 1) in a classroom for 4 hours a week, 2) in a classroom for 8 hours a week, 3) online for 4 hours a week and 4) online for 8 hours a week. The test scores collected for each of the four groups measure for main and interaction effects. Main effects measure at the level of the variable, and the interaction effects measure at the factor (Jackson, 2011; Trochim, Donnelly & Arora, 2016). In other words, the main effect would be graphically represented with the mean results of the four groups visually showing the impact of the results in each of the groups (Jackson, 2011; Trochim, Donnelly & Arora, 2016). The interaction effect measures the impact of the time and setting at the factor level (Jackson, 2011; Trochim, Donnelly & Arora, 2016).
Reducing
In most cases, scholars view research as large samples of subjects that are either participating in either two groups. Most research studies are considered as an experimental group whereby a treatment, independent variable (IV), or intervention is presented or a control group in which such interventions are not presented (Alberto & Troutman, 2016). Based on case study level C, Case 2, the independent variable is the treatment that is needed to change Rachel’s attitude in class. In the group designs, there is involvement of many subjects with each having an averaged performance, Dependent Variable which is comparable in the evaluation of experimental control. Therefore, Dependent variable in Rachel’s case is her behavior.
Under the research design section it could have been mentioned that the study was a descriptive correlation design, experimental design, Quasi-experimental design, or a comparative descriptive design which is "used to describe a phenomenon of interest and related variable" (Gray, Grove, & Sutherland,
Jacob Portman, a 16 year old boy, was very close to his grandfather as a child. His grandfather would show him pictures of strange people and places, and would tell Jacob fascinating stories about them. One particular story was about an old orphanage full of "peculiar" children, who all had something special, or peculiar, about them. He believed these stories as a child, but his father convinced him they were all just part of his grandfather's imagination. One day at work, however, Jacob received a distress call from his grandfather saying that "they" were here. Jacob rushes to his grandfathers house with the hopes of calming him down, and sees that the house was trashed. He eventually found his grandfather in the woods. He was near dead and
Meth is a drug that can cause its victims to become irrational; this drug can cause a person to hallucinate and obtain hypertension . The Montana Meth Project has created an advertisement in which a young man is picking at his arm and believes that there are bugs on him. The ad gives of a sense of depression and suffering because of its dark and dirty surroundings. It informs its audience to not do Meth, and by creating such a dreadful visual it scares the audience away with not lone the message, but with the picture itself.
Instructions: This is a group activity that you will start in class and complete at home. For each of the following, note, whether the research design used is an experiment, a quasi-experiment, or a correlational approach and why. If a study is an experiment, identify the independent variable and the dependent variable. Please type your answers in complete sentences.
Did the design minimize biases and threats to the internal, construct, and external validity of the study (e.g., was blinding used, was attrition minimized)?
Describe the type of research design that will be used in your research, and why you selected this particular type over other types available. Include any assumptions made that influenced your choice. Describe as best you can how you are going to carry out this experiment, step by step. Remember that you do not have to carry out the evaluation, but you should be creating a "recipe" that you and others can follow to aptly answer the question of interest.
How might a good research design be diagrammed? What kinds of threats to the validity of research designs can you identify? How can such threats be controlled or eliminated?
Halloween is one of the most popular holidays for children. It is celebrated with young children roaming the streets with their costume on collecting candy for hours around the block. Though not a lot of people I know celebrate the next holiday called, Day of the Dead, it is fairly different from Halloween. They both have their similarities but when it comes down to it, they are pretty different. Here are some differences and similarities I learned about the Day of the Dead, and Halloween while reading and watching a video.
A research design can be understood as the planning of any scientific research from the first to the last step. In this sense it is a program to guide the researcher in collecting, analyzing, and interpreting facts (Bless and Higson-Smith, 1995:63).
A mixed methods research design is a procedure for collecting, analyzing, and “mixing” both quantitative and qualitative research and methods in a single study to understand a research problem.
There are six methods used to analyse trial design; of which are discussed as follows.
Referencing McMillan and Wergin (2010) assertion on the commonality of mixed method designs having one dominate approach, determined through a series of questions. The conclusion is that Oreck (20014) has a dominate quantitative focus. Therefore, to determine whether it contributes significantly to the knowledge base, it must be judged on how well it meets the non-experimental quantitative evaluative criteria offered by McMillian and Wergin (2010). Particularly in its ability to provide connections and rationale to previous studies and illuminate gaps in the present knowledge base that this study will examine through mainly statistical means to discover associations amongst variables.
True experimental and quasi-experimental research designs are the two most common forms of research design. While they both share similar elements, such as measuring participant results to test the hypothesis, there are also significant differences between true experimental and quasi-experimental research designs (The Regents of the University of Michigan, 2013 ).
A study design is the procedure that guides a researcher on how to collect, analyze and interpret observations. It is a logical model that guides the investigator while he navigates through the various stages of the research. Study types can be classified severally depending on the research strategy employed. A study type can be non-interventional that is ‘observational’ where a researcher just observes and analyses researchable objects or situations without intervening. Non-interventional study designs can be exploratory, descriptive or comparative. A study can also be