Essay On Ovarian Cancer

I. Attention: There are a number of researches done about breast and ovarian cancer. Breast cancer is the second largest cause of death in women. Ovarian cancer is the fourth largest cause of death in women, but there isn’t a lot of attention brought to the public by the media. There needs to be more awareness about these types of cancers for better

Ovarian cancer is cancer that begins in the ovaries. Ovaries are reproductive glands establish only in women. The ovaries produce eggs (ova) for reproduction. The eggs journey during the fallopian tubes into the uterus where the fertilized egg embeds and establish into a fetus. The ovaries are also the major cause of the female hormones estrogen and progesterone. One ovary is situated on each side of the uterus in the pelvis. Many types of tumors can generate rising in the ovaries. The majority of these are benign (noncancerous) and never multiply outside the ovary. Benign tumors can be treated effectively by removing either the ovary or the part of the ovary that contains the tumor. Ovarian tumors that are not benign or malignant (cancerous)

Cervical cancer has been around since the late 1900’s. Scientists like Zur Hausen found novel HPV- DNA biopsies, this discovering HPV causes cervical cancer. Cervical cancer affects the lower part of the vagina or the walls of the pelvis. (Medline plus) Cervical cancer has been detrimental to women all over the U.S.

Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD), also known as Polycystic Ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a very common ailment affecting 5% to 10% of females in the age group 12–45 years. It is an issue in which a lady’s hormones are out of balance. It can cause complications with menstrual periods and make it problematic for her to conceive. The main features include no ovulation, irregular periods, acne and hirsuitism. If not treated, it can cause insulin resistant diabetes, obesity and high cholesterol levels, leading to heart ailment.

I decided to do my paper on Ovarian Cancer because it is a disease that runs in my family history. My great aunt died of ovarian cancer when she was 73 years old. My two second cousins were diagnosed with ovarian cancer at age 42 and 58. They were diagnosed at the stages 2 and 4 and have survived. This paper will discuss what ovarian cancer is, how it is detected, who it affects and how it could be treated.

Researchers have discovered several specific risk factors that could change a women’s likelihood of developing ovarian cancer. The risk of developing ovarian cancer as you get older is very likely. Most of the time ovarian cancer is seen in women who are over 40 or after they have hit menopause. Researchers have looked for the relationship between obesity and ovarian cancer and

Cancer in the ovaries spreads quickly to other parts of the body and “is the most lethal gynecological malignancy, with an alarmingly poor prognosis attributed to late detection and chemoresistance (Brachova).” The ovaries are composed of three different types of tissue: epithelia, germ, and stromal, with tumors being named for the kinds of cells the tumor started from and whether the tumor is benign or cancerous. The American Cancer Society’s estimates for ovarian cancer in the United States in 2014 are about 21,980 new cases and about 14,270 deaths. A woman’s risk of getting invasive ovarian cancer in her lifetime is about 1 in 72 and about half of the women diagnosed with ovarian cancer are 63 years or older (American Cancer Society).

I am writing about Ovarian Cancer it is a terrible disease that can be extremely deadly. It is a disease in which your cells start to become abnormal and grow out of control and uncontrollably. Ninety percent of all ovarian cancer develops in the cells that line the ovaries and are called epithelial cell tumors.

Risk factors associated with the environment and an individual’s lifestyle increase the chance of developing breast cancer. Habits such as smoking and heavily drinking alcohol are also related, and living a sedentary lifestyle is also associated risk factors. Risks related to the body such as obesity are found to increase the risk; factors such as obesity related to weight gain after menopause which is caused by increased estrogen levels also are related. The increase of weight in adulthood, particularly around the waist area, is connected to the development of breast cancer in some adult women. Women who have never given birth or give birth after the age of 35 are at risk.

It is estimated that 79 million Americans are currently infected with a strand of Human Papilloma virus (HPV), and that 14 million Americans become infected annually (CDC HPV Questions and Answers, 2016). HPV was discovered in 1979 when HPV-16 and HPV-18 were found to be linked to cervical cancer (Hausen, n.d.). Every year 27 million Americans get cancer from HPV (CDC What Is HPV, 2016). Cancers associated with HPV whose rates were larger than the mean U.S. rate (11.7 per 100,000) were located in the Southern United States(CDC MMWR, 2016).

Menopause and the risk for breast cancer are interrelated in the sense that if a woman undergoes late menopause after the age of 55 years then her risk for ovarian, breast, and uterine cancer rises. This risk is even greater if menstruation occurred early prior to 12 years of age. This can be attributed the longer exposure to estrogen and also exposure to more ovulations. Other risk factors are late age at first live birth or not having given birth.

Ovarian cancer is the abnormal growth of malignant cells in the ovaries, the egg (ovum) producing part of the female reproductive system. Often, Ovarian cancer goes undetected until it has metastasized (spread) to the pelvis and abdomen. At this late stage, this cancer is difficult to treat. Ovarian Cancer ranks as the 11th most common cancer among women, and it is the 5th leading cause of cancer-related death for women.

Ovarian cancer is less common, with a projected 22, 440 new cases. However, it carries a much higher mortality rate.

Today in the world there are many different types of reproductive cancers. A reproductive cancer I’m going to be writing about is Breast cancer. Yes, its Breast Cancer. According to American Cancer Society (2017) Breast cancer is “Breast cancer starts when cells in the breast begin to grow out of control. These cells usually form a tumor that can often be seen on an x-ray or felt as a lump. The tumor is malignant (cancer) if the cells can grow into (invade)surrounding tissues or spread (metastasize) to distant areas of the body. Breast cancer occurs almost entirely in women, but men can get cancer too (pg.1). Although Breast cancer first start in the breast, it can also start from other places surrounding that tissue or area.

Cervical cancer malignant cancer of the cervix uteris or cervical area. It may present with vaginal bleeding but symptoms may be absent until the cancer is in its advanced stages, which has made cervical cancer the focus of intense screening efforts using the Pap smear. About 2.2 percent of women carry one of the 2 virus strains most likely to lead to cervical cancer. One of the symptoms of Cervical Cancer is very Unusual amount of discharge.