Neuropathy Essay

present an overview of the Peripheral nerve injury, its pathology, types, and the various methods

Most spinal cord injuries are hard to treat due to the fragility of the vertebrae as a whole. Although; if left untreated, spinal cord injuries could affect motor and nerve control and function (Zhao et.al 2016). Stem injections are now commonly used as a type of rehabilitative medicine for injuries like those in the spine. This is because stem cells can take form of other specified cells it becomes exposed to. Once injected into the area of the injury, the cells are able to replicate and serve to renew the cells that have been lost or damaged. Three different studies done on rats were observed for the effects of outside variables, such as time and contents, on the efficiency of stem cell treatments. In one study, rats with the spinal cord

Electrodiagnostic consultation report dated 10/02/15 revealed normal study of both upper limbs and cervical paraspinals. No evidence of cervical radiculopathy. No median or ulnar neuropathy.

Of note, ultrasound of the left shoulder on this visit reveals anechoic signal over subdeltoid consistent with bursitis.

The symptoms of pain, numbness, tingling or weakness are the result of the inflammatory process within the carpal tunnel that leads to compression of the median nerve. The compression and resulting impingement of the median nerve results in ischemia. The ischemia leads to the symptoms of numbness, tingling, pain and weakness of the hand and/or forearm. The FNP should inspect the wrist and hands of the patient with symptoms of CTS, looking for skin color and temperature changes, deformities and muscle wasting. The active and passive range of motion (ROM) of the neck, shoulders, elbows, wrists and fingers should be accessed. Muscle strength should be assessed at the shoulder, elbow, wrist and fingers. Spurling’s test for cervical radiculopathy should be performed. A plain x-ray can be ordered by the FNP if ROM of the wrist is limited. The FNP should also assess capillary refill of the fingers (Dunphy, Winland-Brown, Porter, & Thomas,

MRI of the left ankle and foot obtained on 01/26/16 showed evidence of moderate to high-grade partial tear of the anterior talofibular ligament and moderate partial tear of the calcaneofibular ligament. There is evidence of mild partial tear of the deltoid ligament. Mild to moderate osseous contusion of the talar body is seen. There is a mild sinus tarsi edema. There is a minimal subtalar and tibiotalar effusions.

Stretch-related injuries, compression, and lacerations are among the three most common peripheral nerve injuries (Burnett). The severity and the amount of disruption to the internal structures of the nerve

Neurological injuries can manifest themselves in endless ways across a wide spectrum of physical, emotional, and developmental deficits. Within just one of these manifestations, aphasia, there is a wide range of variation based on the location and level of damage from a neurological injury. Aphasia encapsulates a spectrum of deficits. It is defined as a disorder of language acquired secondary to brain damage (ASHA). These disorders can manifest themselves as receptive, damaging to the ability to process speech, expressive, damaging to the ability to produce speech, or both. In most right-handed and some left-handed patients, aphasia results from a lesion in the left hemisphere (ASHA). I strongly believe that a comprehensive knowledge of aphasias

Brachial plexus injury symptoms start to feel unilateral numbness, muscle weakness, and a type of burning or stinging sensation. This occurs all the way down the upper extremity. One major serious injury is the “intervertebral disc herniation because it may impinge on the nerve roots, causing radiculopathy or partial paralysis” (Kuzma). This is caused and very common in the cervical spine. Within the brachial plexus, there are many elements. It “comprises the ventral rami of the C5-T1 spinal nerve roots, which joint together to form the roots, trunks, divisions, cords, and terminal branches of the brachial plexus” (Kuzma).With the disc herniation, the T2 nerve root is affect but also so is the T1. It causes impingement which will radiate pain down a persons arm. At this moment the person should feel that something is wrong. This injury is “injured by acute trauma via traction or compression of the plexus or of the spinal nerve roots forming the brachial plexus” (Kuzma). This type of injury is mostly found within football and wrestling because they are the most contact sport and are the sport where their opponent is constantly coming at them both low and high. Although brachial plexus is common, there are other conditions that are much more serious that have the same symptoms such as thoracic disc herniation’s, spinal cord trauma, cervical radiopathy,

12/2/15 orthopedic report identified neck and upper back pain that radiates to the arms, worse on the right. There is loss of grip strength and weakness in both hands and arms, primarily the right. There is a burning sensation in the arms. Exam revealed atrophy in the intrinsic muscles of both hands. There is no hyperreflexia. The patient has poor gait and wears a neck brace. He has difficulty toe walking and heel walking. The physician recommended pain management at this time. The physical exam revealed limited ROM at the cervicothoracic junction. Current medications were not documented. Treatment plan included Vista collar, medications, and revision surgery: cervical osteotomy in order to realign his spine with augmented fusion more likely to the base of the skull.

1. How are neuroscience, neuroanatomy, and neurophysiology related to one another? How do they differ? Neuroscience, neuroanatomy, and neurophysiology all focus on the function and structure of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Neuroanatomy and neurophysiology are subdisciplines of neuroscience.

Pain can be defined as having two components, sensory and emotional. Nociception is solely the sensory component of pain. Nociceptive pain is usually acute and can produce hyperalgesia, which is an increased sensitivity to the injury site [1, 2]. Chronic pain is defined as pain that outlasts the healing time of an injury, usually lasting about 3 months or more [3], whereas acute pain is a normal sensation that alerts the body of possible injury [2]. Neuropathic pain is chronic, abnormal pain that is spontaneously caused by peripheral or central nerve damage [1-4]. It is usually associated with stimuli that is not normally painful, known as allodynia. This pathological pain may be continuous or episodic and can resemble a stabbing, sharp, or

On examination, there is decreased range of motion with pain with flexion/extension. There is positive tenderness

The methodology of this study consisted of 70 patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SAIS). Each patient had also been experiencing pain for at least the past four weeks and their diagnosis of SAIS was confirmed with an MRI.1 The patients then signed a consent form and agreed not to receive any other forms of treatment or therapy for their shoulder during this

Imaging should not be the sole basis of a clinician’s diagnosis, but should be appreciated as a tool to confirm or for differential diagnoses. It is prudent, as clinicians/diagnosticians, to be familiar with the clinical practice guides as they have undergone arduous testing processes and research by experts. The bottom line is, physical therapists are common providers for patients suffering from LBP and the available research advocate for a more conservative utilization of diagnostic imaging in the acute and subacute phases of LBP.