Essay On Phonetics And Phonology

Summary of Interpretation: Given the information provided in Interpretation A, the clinician diagnosed Kara-Lynn with a severe phonological disorder. This diagnosis was made based on evidence provided by testing results, clinician observations, and speech analyses. Kara-Lynn demonstrated phoneme collapses into /d/ in place of stops (/p/, /t/, /k/, /g/), fricatives (/s/, /z/, /θ/, /ð/), and some consonant clusters (/tr/, /gr/) across all word positions. For example, Kara-Lynn produced /diə/ for “seal,” /dædɚ/ for “treasure,” and /dədudɚ/ for “computer.” Kara-Lynn also presented with active phonological processes of final consonant deletion (/fɪ/ for “fish”), cluster reduction (/tul/ for “school”), vocalization (/ɛləkə/ for “helicopter”), and deaffrication (/ʃi/ for “cheese”). She also presented with inconsistent patterns of initial-consonant deletion (/ɑʊps/ for “house”, /ɪʒ/ for “bridge”). In most instances, Kara-Lynn presented with both final consonant deletion and another phonological process, which markedly impacted her speech intelligibility, as when she produced /lɑʊ/ for “clown,” demonstrating both final consonant deletion and cluster reduction. She also expressed a high percentage of CV (27%) and CVC (29%) syllable and word shapes, with little other variation. Analysis of Kara-Lynn’s speech sample revealed similar errors exhibited during formal assessment, including phoneme collapse into /d/, high occurrences of initial and final consonant deletion and cluster

Among the many scholars working in the House of Wisdom, there was Al-Khawarizmi, known as the father of algebra. Born around 800 in Baghdad, al-Khwarizmi worked in the House of Wisdom as a scholar. Being involved in the center’s translation of ancient scientific knowledge helped him develop a unique knowledge of the accumulated wisdom of the world. His importance lies in his discoveries of mathematical knowledge which was later transferred to Arab and European scholars. His masterpiece, a book of clear explanations of what would become algebra, was his entire life’s work compiled into one collection of information. The word algebra comes from the Arabic word, al-jabr, which means “completion”. In his work, al-Khwarizmi explains the principles of solving linear and quadratic equations, the concept that an equation can be created to find the value of an unknown variable. Another crucial work of al-Khwarizmi’s was The Book on the Art of Reckoning of the Hindus, which introduced the numbering system used in the Islamic culture to the west. This is the numerical system that is still used today and offered many advantages over the existing Roman numerals. An

This paper will discuss on the language used widely by Ali G. After reading and watching his video, it is quite apparent that he always used the Jamaican Creole to communicate with people. Basically, the section below will cover the phonological, lexical and grammatical analysis of Ali G speech on the basis of his video. Sebba (2007) mentioned that

I have no knowledge of either Sanskrit or Arabic—but I have done what I could to form a correct estimate of their value. I have read translations of the most celebrated Arabic and Sanskrit works. I have conversed both here and at home with men distinguished by their proficiency in the Eastern tongues. I am quite ready to take the Oriental learning at the valuation of the Orientalists themselves. I have never found one among them who could deny that a single shelf of a good European library was worth the whole native literature of India and Arabia …

Increasing Kara-lynn’s speech intelligibility will be the primary target of treatment. The multiple oppositions approach with maximally distinct targets will be utilized to treat Kara-lynn’s phoneme collapses into /d/. She collapses multiple phonemes into /d/ in word initial, medial, and final positions including some stops, fricatives, and consonant clusters. The multiple oppositions approach targets phoneme collapse by simultaneously contrasting the errored sounds with the target sounds .This helps the child recognize their own patterns of error and make widespread changes to their sound system as a whole(consider adding reference).

Linguistic discrimination is an important issue; many have been discriminated and excluded from the public sphere due to their disability to practice the standardized language. In the Arab world, when second language speakers try to talk Arabic, they seem to have difficulties with the pronunciations. Consequently, this leads to limitations during the blending in procedures. The explanation

Assonance - Very similar to alliteration, but with vowels or a group of letters involving one

She uttered a guttural sound as she attempted to weave the syllables together, stopping frequently to match the letter with the appropriate sound. She struggled through the lines, the rhythm and beauty lost in her voice. For thirty minutes, Fatima labored over the page, her head bent over in frustration ignoring her sister’s plea to play. As the time for her break approached, she vehemently protested, choosing instead to clamber into my arms, begging me to translate what she had just read. At her young age, she had fallen in love with the Arabic language. She loved the feeling of serenity that caressed her at hearing its recitation, but even more, she loved reciting it; she loved how it took her entire mouth to say a single word and the rhythm of the stressed and unstressed syllables. However, after months of practicing, she remained a far cry from the harmonious voice she aspired to attain.

Phonology – use of sounds and how sounds are organized and used in natural languages.

The participants were shown drawings of items expected to be within their vocabulary and asked to identify items with a common phonemes – in half of the sets, the common phoneme would also have a common grapheme, and in the other half, it would not – making reliance on phonological awareness, as opposed to orthographic, important for identifying the common phonemes. One could question the extent to which lack of world knowledge may have affected results for deaf participants in both studies. Overall, this test appeared to be used to gauge the orthographic and phonemic/phonological levels for each of the participants before moving on to the test which was more differentiated for the study. Having a common baseline for all student participants in Miller’s studies would seem to increase the extent to which the results of one study can be compared to another

( pg 216) Assonance- A sound that is similar with vowels and consonants that are not the same.

In this paper I will argue that both Sicinius and Coriolanus through their language in the passages display their desire for power and control in the play. Sicinius shows this desire when he attempts to fix his lack of control due to emotion as he mentions the power of the Plebeians and Coriolanus' imminent exile. Coriolanus displays his desire for power and control when in his speech, he struggles to keep control of his anger and attempts to use his pride to gain power over his banishment. Sicinuis' speech in this passage is poetry, as he is a Roman tribune and politician. This also indicates the importance of his speech, as he is attempting to guide the interests of the people that look to him for guidance.

1- Naom Chomsky is a linguist who teaches M A T. 2- Phonetics is the study of speech sounds . 3- All spooking languages choose sound produced by the upper respiratory systems. 4- In one dialect the English Cat the noun and Cat the verb are pronounced the same . 5- Some people think phonetics is very interesting . 6- Victoria Fromkin, Robert Rodman, Nina Hyams are

Nazir has kindly volunteered for this piece of work. He is a native of Syria who was born in the capital Damascus. His mother tongue is Arabic and he is studying English at South Thames College on the Upper Intermediate level. He currently performs in the top half of the class according to his own assessment with which I tend to concur.

Every language constitutes its own sound system, and this sound system is a very important aspect when learning or studying a language. Along with this sound system are the prosodic features of a language. This study is about the phonological system and the prosodic features of