Essay On Predictive Policing

Intelligence-led Policing (IPL) in its simplest definition is a policing model for crime prevention and reduction focussed on crime ‘hot spots’, recidivism amongst offenders and repeat victimization. However, IPL is ever-changing and is not a clear-cut model and therefore requires a broader definition. IPL models therefore act more as a framework for effective police work Although similar models existed previously, IPL gained momentum in the UK, US, Canada and Australia during and after the 1990s. Since crime is in a constant state of flux, so too is IPL, this in part is due to changes in resources and technology and IPL is not without its strengths and weaknesses as evidenced through examination of its increasingly widespread use throughout law enforcement.

The tactics themselves evolve to meet the needs of the crime in a given area or new tactics are brought forth to improve upon what was there before. As with all crime, it is an ever changing environment. And sometimes the ideas and tactics that are attempted do not always work or only work a limited amount. Most tactics try and deter crime rather than reduce it outright. Such as with police patrol and CCTV systems. While tactics such as crackdowns and stop-and-frisk try and deter crime by being more hands on with the public. Which does not always improve the situation by either moving the crime to a different area or reducing the legitimacy the public had in the criminal justice system. To combat these issues problem-oriented policing as well as the COMPSTAT system were designed to lower the crime rate while improving public relations. Even though these tactics may not always give the desired results, they all start with the goal of reducing or preventing

The biggest issue that effects policing is technology. Technology is at a rise and growing at an incredible rate. Technology advancement gives criminals a whole new way or an easier way to commit crimes. Eventually technology is going to take away jobs from our police officers and other individuals working in law enforcement. We are no longer going to need police officers out on patrol monitoring traffic, we have high speed cameras to detect incident detection, and vehicle counting, traffic flow monitoring and even people who violate traffic laws like speeding, running red lights and stop signs.

Buntin, J. (2017, July). In Extreme Community Policing, Cops Become the Neighbor. Retrieved October 15, 2017, from

In preparation for my debate on the topics of intelligence-led policing and Compstat policing, I have discovered the many advantages and disadvantages of using intelligence-led policing and Compstat policing. According to Carter & Carter (2009), intelligence-led policing is the collection of and analysis of data relating to crime, used by law enforcement in “developing tactical responses to threats and/or strategic planning related to emerging changing threats” (p. 317). When applied correctly, intelligence-led policing is a tool used for information sharing in identifying threats and developing responses to prevent those threats from reaching fruition (Carter, 2011). One of the advantages of using intelligence-led policing is its incorporation of data analysts. The role of the data analyst in the context of intelligence-led policing allows them to take specially trained analysts to take raw data from information found in reports and translate it into useful information for the officers, allowing the police to deploy resources more effectively and efficiently (Griffiths, 2016). Another advantage is its application through preventative and predictive policing (proactive policing), in which law enforcement take data and identify crucial variables such as terrorism or the emergence of criminal organizations, in hopes of stopping the problem at its roots (Carter, 2011). Terrorism is especially important and emphasized after the 9/11 terrorist attack on the World Trade Centers in

In the last three decades, several concepts have been advanced to organize efforts to improve policing. Among them have been team policing, neighborhood policing, community policing, zero-tolerance policing and problem-oriented policing. Herman Goldstein was the first to propose problem-oriented policing in 1979. Problem-oriented policing is a policing strategy that involves the identification and analysis of specific crime and disorder problems, in order to develop effective response strategies in conjunction with ongoing assessment. The emphasis in problem-oriented policing is on directing attention to the broad range of problems the community expects the police to handle–the problems that constitute the business of the police and on

Since the founding of this country, to the wild west, and up to the present, the agenda of the policing bodies have been clear: to uphold and enforce the laws of our society. Of course the way they do this today had undergone changes from the first police forces of early America, law enforcement has seen trends come and go.

Current models of predictive policing allow police to identify potential areas of criminal activity based on past data, including arrest records, district crime reports, lists of criminals and suspected criminals, and other critical police statistics. Some algorithms identify areas of high criminal activity based on previous incidents, which enables police to follow crime trends and target criminal hotspots. By focusing on the locations of past crimes, police are able to predict future ones and stop them before they happen. They monitor areas of high illegal activity, specifically burglary, break-ins, and car theft, and take action when people appear suspicious. Police can also take preliminary action after a crime occurs in a criminal hotspot.

Policing is a very difficult, complex and dynamic field of endeavor that is always evolves as hard lessons teach us what we need to know about what works and what don’t work. There are three different Era’s in America’s policing: The Political Era, The Reform Era, and The Community Problem Solving Era. A lot has changed in the way that policing works over the years in the United States.

The Associations of Chiefs of Police created this website as a police informational site. It is an educational site that explains the hiring process, basic requirements, training and academy life, and skills candidates should process. The site also offer a virtual ride along. I can use this site to explain the training and academy life of a cadet.

There are multiple approaches to engaging a police force with the community in order to most effectively prevent and respond to crime, and considering the relative strengths and weakness of each of these strategic models will demonstrate how models can impact the operation of daily policing practices and activities. The model under discussion here is called community oriented policing (COP), and focuses on building relationships and rapport between officers and the community in order to more effectively prevent crime. It is augmented by a model called problem solving policing (PSP), and depends upon rank-and-file officers identifying community problem areas through direct observation and analysis. Each model excels at slightly different things, and in practice most police agencies deploy a mix of models. By examining the Miami-Dade Police Department's handbook for school resource officers, it will be possible to view a COP/PSP policy in action in order to better understand how these models practically affect policing.

First, problem-oriented policing enables police agencies to be more effective. Currently, police agencies commit most of their time to responding to calls for service. Problem-oriented policing offers a more effective strategy by addressing the underlying conditions that prompt calls for service. Often, many of the calls for service are related and, if grouped together, disclose a pattern of activity or

Both Goldstein & McEwen, (2009) and Button, Sharples & Harper (2007) studies agree that crime mapping is effective in uncovering and monitoring crime

3. Determine how information systems have allowed police departments that implement tools such as COMPSTAT to respond to crime faster.

They also, of course, respond to dispatch calls of crimes in progress. Crime prevention is achieved through mere police presence. Negative interaction between the community and police is generally the norm. In communities policing, on the other hand, police officers are typically assigned to specific geographic areas in their jurisdiction and establish ties with the various community groups. These groups may include ministerial (church) associations, neighborhood associations, youth groups, etc. The idea is that when police are involved with the community they are not viewed as outsiders who are there simply to enforce the law. Crime prevention is achieved through positive interaction with police and the community. The goals of community policing are to reduce crime and disorder, promote citizens’ quality of life in communities, reduce fear of crime, and improve police–citizen relations. These goals are achieved through three essential efforts: community engagement, problem solving, and organizational transformation. In other words, the police are the public and the public are the police.