Essay On Rnr Model

Prison is a place where the criminal justice system put its entire hopes. The correctional

The tension between rehabilitation and punishment has been increasing dramatically. This is because there have been sharp rises in the prison population and repeat offender rates. When one area is over emphasized in relation to the other, there is the possibility that imbalances will occur. Over the course of time, these issues can create challenges that will impact the criminal justice system and society at large. (Gadek, 2010) (Clear, 2011) (Gatotch, 2011)

The prevention and rehabilitation model is one that has largely been defunded, ultimately it costs less in tax dollars because it addresses the causes of crime and the rehabilitation of prisoners. The answer lies in the ideological

When planning a risk assessment and looking at possible risks, the decisions that are made for the benefit of the service user should be made after collecting all of the information available. Any reasons give should be able to be defended by looking at every angle that shows that it is in the best interest of the service user with as much risk being removed as possible.

The purpose of risk assessment is not to remove risks, but to take reasonable steps to reduce them. The process involves looking at the risk, and considering what can be done to make it less likely that the risk will develop into a reality. This can be done through implementing policies and codes of practice, acting in individual’s best interests, fostering culture of openness and support being consistent, maintaining professional boundaries and following systems for raising concerns.

* Risk assessments – Local and governing authorities make compulsory the use of risk assessments. Risk assessments are carried out to evaluate any potential hazards that may

7.2 Describe how to carry out a risk assessment and risk management in line with policies and procedures

The way the criminal justice system should handle crimes has always been a debated subject. For over the last forty years, ever since the war on drugs, there are more policies made to be “tough on crime”. From then, correctional systems have grown and as people are doing more crimes, there are plenty of punishments for them. In the mid 1970’s, rehabilitation was the main concern for the criminal justice system. It was common that when someone was convicted of a crime, they would be sentenced to prison but there would also be diagnosed treatments to help them as well. Most likely, they would have committed a crime due to psychological problems. When they receive treatment in prison, they can be healed and would not go back to their wrong lifestyle they had lived before. As years have gone by, people thought that it was better to take a more punitive stance in the criminal justice system. As a result of the turnaround of this more punitive criminal justice system, the United States now has more than 2 million people in prisons or jails--the equivalent of one in every 142 U.S. residents--and another four to five million people on probation or parole. The U.S. has a higher percentage of the

Risk assessments can help address dilemmas between rights and health and safety concerns by helping reduce any risks created by undergoing certain tasks, risks assessments are not in place to prevent an individual doing things that they want to do, they are in place to concentrate on the risk factors and to look at any other ways to reduce the risk of the task in hand.

In the essay "Prison "Reform" in America," Roger T. Pray points out the much attention that has been devoted to research to help prevent crimes. Showing criminals the errors of their ways not by brutal punishment, but by locking them up in the attempt to reform them. Robert Pray, who is a prison psychologist, is currently a researcher with the Utah Dept. of Corrections. He has seen what has become of our prison system and easily shows us that there is really no such thing as "Prison Reform"

Rehabilitation assumes criminal behavior can be improved with non-punitive methods. Rehabilitation, although non-punitive, usually occurs along side punishment. For instance an incarcerated person may be given many rehabilitative options. Mental health programming, substance abuse counseling and even education programming exist in modern day correctional facilities. A judge may sentence someone to attend rehabilitative programming as a part of probation or it may be included as a stipulation in a plea agreement. At the core of rehabilitation is the thought that a criminal is flawed, often through no fault of their own. Poverty, mental health issues, or childhood trauma may all contribute to a criminal life and rehabilitation attempts to aid in a sort of recovery. If a person is cured of their issues, perhaps they will not recidivate.

Risk assessments are used to identify potential harm to an individual or persons. This identifies the possibility of a hazards and helps to reduce the possibility of harm, they are put in place to safeguard individuals. Risk assessments are reviewed and can be added to or changed if necessary

Along with the right to individuality, ability to improve was another democratic ideal that was attempted to be expanded throughout the United States of America. In the fourth annual report on Juvenile Delinquents in the City of New York in 1829, the source wrote, “[United States of America] was the first to adopt the penitentiary system of prison discipline, and the first to attempt to prevent the commission of crimes, by seeking out the youthful and unprotected… by giving them industrious and orderly habits, rescuing them from vice and rendering them valuable members of society.” This report and more importantly the prison reforms for juveniles are very important in expanding democratic ideals because of their methodology. Unlike popular thought, the reformers are exercising the thought that all humans have the ability to change. Many people would argue that a prison reform is needed to keep out the criminals from the public, but the prison reformers are saying that a prison reform is needed to change the morals and values held by a so-called criminal. Another example comes from Charles G. Finney in 1834. He said, “When the churches are… awakened and reformed, the reformation and salvation of sinners will follow, going through the same stages of conviction, repentance, and reformation.” Charles Finney, an evangelist and the leader of the Second Great Awakening, believed in the idea that through church, one will be be free of one’s sins. He continued

Rehabilitation can have two different meanings- to bring (someone or something) back to a normal healthy conditions after an illness, injury or drug problems; or to teach a criminal in prison to live a normal and productive life. Approaches to treatment range from individual to group methods. Correctional officers must discover what works for which offender in what context.

The corrections system in America began mostly with the arrival of William Penn and his “Great Law.” This was back in 1682; the “Great Law” was based on humane principals and also focused on hard labor as a punishment. The corrections system really began to take hold in North America in the late 1700’s with the idea’s and philosophy of Beccaria, Bentham, and Howard. These philosophies were based on the thought that prisoners could be treated and reformed back into society. This hard labor was used as an alternative to other cruel forms of punishments that were used in earlier times such as physical abuse or even brutal death.