Abstract This paper examines five peer reviewed studies that report on results from research conducted about sexually transmitted diseases. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between social disparities and sexually transmitted diseases in Dallas and Collin Counties. There are certain people who are predisposed to being at a greater risk for transmitting sexually transmitted diseases in the United States given their demographic and socioeconomic status. The studies have shown without access to health care, young men and women do not receive the necessary information or medical prevention devices they need for the prevention and/or transmission of such diseases. The data was descriptive comparative, …show more content…
The following review of literature confirms that there are certain people who are predisposed to being at a greater risk for transmitting sexually transmitted diseases in the United States given their demographic and socioeconomic status. The main point reflected in all five studies that those who were on the lower half of the socioeconomic totem pole were more likely to transmit an STI. The variables and community weaknesses that were linked with socioeconomic status were education, income and employment (Wickrama, Merten & Wickrama, 2012; Harling, Subramanian, Bärnighausen & Kawachi, 2014; An, Prejean, Harrison & Fang, 2013). The disparity most widely talked about was an individual’s socioeconomic status, or the amount of money one had. It appears lower income harms the poor more than higher income profits the rich (Harling, Subramanian, Bärnighausen, & Kawachi, 2014). Socioeconomic disadvantages tend to hinder the access an individual has to decent health care, which may in turn increase the levels of risky sexual behavior and frequency of sexually transmitted diseases (Wickrama, et al., 2012; Semaan, Sternberg, Zaidi & Aral, 2007). Those with socioeconomic advantages tend to have access to better health
The challenges that this population faces are directly related to psychosocial, physiological, economic and behavioral factors. Challenges such as these can cause serious obstacles for the prevention of STDs due to their influence on access to care, willingness to seek treatment, and social behaviors regarding sexuality. Often older adults are looked at as
What are Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD's)? How much do you know about STD's? Do you know how to protect yourself from STD's? The answer to these questions is that most people don't know, and if they do, it's very little. Sex has become a big issue in the 90's. Wherever a person looks, sex is advertised. What do you see when you turn on the television, daytime or night? Sex. What do you see when you go to the movies? Sex. In magazines? Sex. Even advertisements in the street revolve around sex. The one thing that is not emphasized is the dangers of sex. The danger of contracting a sexually transmitted disease. I'm sure that people know that AIDS is the most dangerous STD right now, but there are
Over one million cases of Chlamydia were reported to the CDC in 2013. Despite this large number of reports it actually was a decrease by 1.5% since 2012 (CDC, 2014). Epidemiology statistics showed an increase in reported syphilis, including congenital. Other sexually transmitted diseases can pose higher risks for acquiring HIV. According to new studies, HIV is growing faster in populations that are over 50 versus 40 years and younger (BenRose, 2014). Factors may play a role in this such as higher divorce rates, new medications, and safe sex measures. Therefore, it is important for the healthcare provider screen for sexual activity and any change in sexual partners to provide routine testing when necessary and education on preventive
This journal evaluates the epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases disparities of African-American in the united states in comparison to white communities. This study focuses on disparities for African American because of the massive diseases of bacterial sexually transmitted diseases such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis that the African American communities face. Most of the US population is either white or African American. This journal focuses on African American communities instead of African Americans because of the many diversities in the US African American population. Studies took from the Northeast, South, West and Midwest
Wysocki, 2015 estimated that half of all people in the United States will have contracted a sexually transmitted disease in their lifetime. Numerous young women under age 25 haven’t been screened and are asymptotic. Infections impact individuals of all economic levels and backgrounds. Three sexually transmitted diseases are required to be reported by physicians to public health officials. These three are syphilis, gonorrhea and chlamydia. African American and Latinos have barriers which increase rates of sexually transmitted diseases (Sutton, 2012).
SLIDE 1: So why are we targeting low-income black and Hispanic adolescent females you may ask? They are at higher risk, than other ethnicities, for acquiring an STD and/or experiencing an unplanned pregnancy. Increased utilization of dual contraception is of great importance in these communities. Adolescent females in general are less likely to use dual forms of protection from STD’s and unplanned pregnancy. Young women, due to their anatomy tend to be more susceptible to STD’s than are young men. Black and Hispanic females are 4.9x and 2.1x, respectively, more likely to contract chlamydia (which is a common STD) than their white counterparts. When it comes to pregnancy 3 in 10 adolescent females will become pregnant before the age of 20, amongst black and Hispanic young women this figure jumps to 5 in 10. Black and Hispanics teens are more likely to be living in poverty than are other ethnicities and data has shown that teen pregnancy increases proportionally as socioeconomic status declines as does rate of STD contraction.
According to recent statistics from the Centers for Disease Control, approximately 1.2 million individuals in the United States have HIV (about 14 percent of which are unaware of their infection and another 1.1 million have progressed to AIDS. Over the past decade, the number of HIV cases in the US has increased, however, the annual number of cases remains stable at about 50, 000 new cases per year. Within these estimates, certain groups tend to carry the burden of these disease, particularly the gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men (MSM) and among race/ethnic groups, Blacks/African American males remain disproportionately affected. (CDC)
Currently, in our nation, there is a nationwide epidemic of sexually transmitted diseases(STD) caused by a lack of carefulness and overall disregard for general health and sexual standards. Americans have been engaged in premarital sex at an increasing rate since 2004 with 94% of the interviewed population stating they have had sex before marriage. This increase in “pleasure sex” has exposed much of America to STD’s and the resulting outbreak has been catastrophic. With an average of one out of four people carrying an STD even though they may not possess the symptoms, they pass it on through the increase in sexual behavior. If we as a nation work together to increase sexual standards and promote safe sex, then we can control this outbreak
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) along with other sexually transmitted infections (STI) have emerged as a health epidemic over the recent decades and continue to threaten the lives of people today. In order to better understand the virus and other STIs, in terms of the populations they affect, it is important to observe the diverse risk factors among different genders and ethnicities that are HIV positive. One vital consideration for a study of this nature is the difference in HIV-positive care provided between genders. By examining the disparities that exist within STI treatment across the variables of gender and ethnicity, information for various people of age, gender and race have more viable information to use. Therefore, careful examination of the trends in equity (or lack thereof) across education programs and care for different gender and ethnicity groups, can lead to important changes that can be made for better health treatment of all people. However, not all groups of people can be treated entirely equally. For example, risk factors for transmission of HIV have been known to shift according to gender trends and remain higher for some ethnic groups than others. Effective public health interventions will need to combat overt discrimination in treatment while balancing the influence of known trends across these two broad variables in order to manage a positive output for clients.
Respectively. Respondents in the northeast were more likely to be in school graduates and had somewhat higher HPV immunization mindfulness. Respondents in the northeast and Midwest were having more awareness to be qualified VFC program. Less inclined have moved from other state and more inclined to be white and have higher family income, human services scope and history of occasional influenza vaccination contrasted with their partners. On the other side, respondents in the south were less likely to be married and more likely to be black age distribution of the teens and relationship of the respondents in the south were less likely to be married and more likely to be black age distribution of the teens and relationship of the respondent to the teen did not differ by the region. Completed (a PR 0.83, 95%cl, 0.74-0.93) the HPV vaccine. Adolescent girls living in the west were fundamentally more likely to start HPV vaccination with north east and every single region. No significant communication were seen between race/ ethnicity and area, and income and region on HPV vaccine uptake. So, this is trends in HPV completion in the United States (Rahman, 2014).
For several reasons, adolescents are at a higher risk for developing sexually transmitted diseases and statistically are the population with the highest rate of STDs in the United States. The CDC states “The burden of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among people aged 15–24 years accounts for nearly half of all STDs reported in the U.S” (CDC, 2015). Adolescents are a vulnerable population as they are undergoing so many changes and this can make them more susceptible to partaking in risky sexual behavior. In the Bronx, adolescents make up the largest population at 25.3% of the total population (U.S. Census Bureau, 2016). The high rate of STDs in adolescents and the large population of adolescents in the Bronx correlates with the high rate of STDs in the Bronx.
For this health promotion assignment, the subject I have chosen to discuss is sexually transmitted infections (STI’s). STIs are spread from one person to another through intimate sexual contact but can also spread through non-sexual means such as via the blood or from mother to child during pregnancy (World health organisation (WHO), 2016). According to Mudhar (2013) groups that are particularly at a higher risk are young adults, men who have sex with men (MSM), black African and Caribbean communities. With more than one million STI’s acquired everyday worldwide, it is a major public health issue within society (WHO, 2016). Even though the overall health of the population in England has significantly improved over the past 50 years because of the highly valued NHS, health inequalities are still a dominant feature of health across all regions in England and many people still find it hard to accept that serious health inequalities still exist (Marmot, 2010).
Prior to taking this class, I wasn't fully aware of how common sexually transmitted diseases (STD's) were in the world. I learned that the main key in preventing the further spread of STD's is to focus not on the individual, but the broader culture that is ingrained in our society. The spread of STD's is an intensive problem within American society. This paper will briefly summarize the extent of the problem and conclude with what can be done as a society to prevent the spread of STD's.
Sexually transmitted diseases are known as STDs or STIs, which stands for sexually transmitted infections. STDs and STIs are infectious diseases that spread from person to person through intimate contact. STDs affect guys and girls of all ages and backgrounds who are having sex, including oral and anal sex, and having skin to skin contact with an infected area or sore. Common STDs include Genital Herpes, Genital Warts, Gonorrhea, Hepatitis A, B, and C.
Year by year people die due to sexually transmitted diseases. While some cases being only a simple infection, others can remain permanently and actually scar the carrier. For example: the illness herpes is reported by the CDC that 776,000 new cases overtake the United States annually. Many of these STDs are stated as some of the most difficult pain brought about by a time thought to be pleasurable. The name of these diseases states their origin. Each are spread through the genitals during sex, but many can be spread through other means, such as through blood, by touch, and tears in the mouth and anus. Symptoms include painful itchy blisters, growths, discharge, rashes and even burning redness. Not only do these happen soon