A critical literature review exploring the effectiveness of using skin staples as opposed to sutures or skin adhesive as closing materials after orthopaedic surgery.
Aim: This paper considers the effectiveness of different methods of closure materials after surgery looking primarily at complications such as infection rates and dehiscence of wounds. Secondary outcomes measured include cosmetic scar evaluation, patient satisfaction, and cost, ease of use and speed of application.
Background. Surgical site wound closure can play a key part in the recovery of patients post-operatively. The use of closure material is usually according to the preference of the surgeon and is a frequently debated issue.
Method. A review of English language literature
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This measure is a reliable indicator of trial quality and is based on each trial’s reporting and quality of randomisation and blinding attribution (CASP 2006).
Glossary of Terms
Vicryl Suture
The Vicryl suture is an example of a braided absorbable suture. Absorbable sutures break down over time in the body. Vicryl Rapide can take two weeks, whereas coated Vicryl 4 ½ weeks.
Nylon Suture
Nylon suture is an example of a non-absorbable suture. When used on the skin, these sutures will be removed afterwards, however when used in the body they will be retained inside the tissue.
Skin Adhesive
Skin glue is a special type of medical adhesive. It joins the edges of a wound together, while the wound starts to heal underneath. It may be used by practitioners to close wounds instead of other materials, such as sutures and skin staples. The first layer of the skin glue takes a few minutes to dry. It forms a protective barrier over the wound.
Surgical Wound infection
Surgery that involves an incision in the skin can lead to a wound infection afterwards. Most surgical wound infections are seen within 30 days after surgery. There may be pus draining from the wound site, can be red, painful or hot to the touch. It may present with a fever and
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Similarly in the study by Gupta et al (2015), a higher incidence of wound infections were found when using staples compared to patients receiving a nylon suture. The nylon suture is different from the vicryl suture and as a non absorbable material and have different properties to that of the vicryl suture. This however was a much bigger sample size of 513 patients, randomised into two groups, 262 patients receiving a nylon suture and 241 patient’s staples as closure material for their wounds after orthopaedic surgery. It was concluded that as many as 36 patients in the staple group contracted infections compared to the 14 patients in the nylon suture group. Also recorded in this study was the incidence of wound dehiscence and a higher number were found in the patients that received staples at 29 patients compared to 25 in the nylon suture category. Murphy et al (2004) mentions that removing the nylon sutures were more painful to patients and took longer than having skin staples removed. Nylon sutures are non-braided and have a reduced risk of infection as it lacks the grooves and rough surface for pathogens to attach
Wound management is one of the cornerstones for nursing care however, effective wound care extends far beyond the application of the wound itself. Nurses may be required to assess, plan, implement, and evaluate wound care; therefore, order to fill these roles it’s critical to have an understanding of the several different areas of wound care such as, integumentary system, classification of wounds, wound procedures, and documentation. Knowledge in each of these areas will allow nurses to make well informed decisions about wound care, and as a result play an active part in wound healing.
Choosing of this dissertation among ED staff especially AMO so that they will be able to perform the procedure correctly, safely and practice according to current research based recommendations, to ensure effectiveness and patient safely. Cases of wound infection from T&S procedure can be reduced and increase patients trust in the provided services. Staff will be able to implement the procedures properly and safe in accordance with the recommendation, based on studies of wound infection from the patients.
I have significantly developed my skill in wound care assessment and dressing, in developing this skill I now recognize the importance of documenting each dressing. Morison (2001) supports this in saying that by detailing pressure ulcer assessment it provides a basis for deciding the effectiveness of the current treatment.
In recent years, surgical site infections are verified as one of the most errors that are common in the healthcare; however, they are also preventable. These research papers will synthesis information about surgical infections, patient experience, hospital-acquired conditions and achievement of expected treatment for specific clinical diagnoses. A surgical site infection is an infected condition in the body after surgery has occurred. Surgical site infections are caused by germs, called bacteria. Different types of bacteria from the environment may cause a delay in healing. The infection may come from surgical tools or bacteria on the skin if it is not clean correctly. Healthcare professionals use certain guidelines and
Throughout the procedure, I was able to interact with the patient and communicate effectively with him, discussing his pertinent health history as well as his experience in dealing with his chronic wound. Such communication and patient interactions bring an abundance of positive feelings to any clinical situation. I also felt positively about the decision of the nurse and healthcare provider in the use of barrier cream to prevent further maceration of the peri-wound skin,
This report will discuss the risk of impaired wound healing, amongst patients in the community. Patients may be at risk due to increased age, malnutrition and underlying medical conditions (Timmons, 2003, White, 2008). However, this report concerns with patients’ knowledge deficit about the importance of nutrition, which may be the risk factor (Casey, 1998, Dealey, 2005, Timmons, 2003). In this respect, a management package in the form of a leaflet aimed at these patients has been prepared, (see appendix), which may improve patients’ knowledge. The report will evaluate how the risk could be minimised by using this leaflet.
Pressure ulcer prevention (PUP) in surgical patients has become a major interest in acute care hospitals with the increased focus on patient safety and quality of care. A pressure ulcer is any area of skin or underlying tissue that has been damaged by unrelieved pressure or pressure in combination with friction and shear. Pressure ulcers are caused due to diminished blood supply which in turn leads to decreased oxygen and nutrient delivery to the affected tissues (Tschannen, Bates, Talsma, &Guo, 2012). Pressure ulcers can cause extreme discomfort and often lead to serious, life threatening infections, which substantially increase the
A full assessment of the wound should be carried out prior to selection of dressings. Any allergies should also be noted. The wound should be traced, photographed and measured providing data for comparison throughout the treatment. Consent should be gained prior to photographing the wound and the patient should not be identifiable from the photograph (Benbow 2004). All information should be documented in patients’ records, using the wound assessment tool. The pressure sore was identified as grade two
This research critique is an article called Comparison of suture types in the closure of scalp wounds written by Joseph Bonham and published in Emergency Nurse. In the emergency room two different types of sutures permanent and non permanent sutures are used as well as glue for lacerations. Scalp wounds are difficult as pressure to wound as well as the hair of the scalp. The research discusses the end result of the research the amount of scaring left after the wound has healed.
Collagen fibers play a big role in strengthening the scar by replacing immature to mature collagen and to reorient it with surrounding tissue. Some times when the scar is not formed properly the body; some additional assistance might be needed. A medical professional would apply force to the scar in order to assist in reshaping it. Remodeling is an ongoing process, which can vary in times within the first year to longer. But once the remodeling is completed, there are no more alterations that can occur which can leave scars the inability to sweat or even feel sensation. It’s important that medical professional take in the consideration when dealing with wound closures to ensure proper protection is used in order to avoid issues like
Eligible participants for the application of Type 1 formulated collagen gel must 1) have an open pressure ulcer at least 2.0 cm in diameter that did not heal after using NPWT and 2) have no symptoms of and wound or bone infection. The three patients in the study had a wound of at least 18 months’ and had showed no signs of improvement during 4 weeks of NPWT. The patients received the standard care including the treatment of moist wound healing and debridement, prevention of additional skin breakdown, and maintenance of functional abilities. Before beginning the use of collagen gel, sharp debridement was performed with additional sharp debridement performed at
A surgical site infection, or SSI, is an infection of a wound that was made due to surgery. Such infections can be superficial (infection of skin only) and other infections can be more serious (deep tissue infection). A superficial infection at the surgical site is defined as “an infection
Laparotomy, which is an operation performed on organs within the abdominal cavity, is a common surgical procedure performed all over the world. Sutures or other materials such as fibrin sealants or staples provide mechanical support for the closed wound healing process. They approximate the wound edges and help to maintain wound closure until the healing process provides sufficient strength for the wound to withstand stress and strain without additional support. However, among the choices surgeons have for closing abdominal fascia, there is currently scant consensus as to the best material or method. For the majority of surgeons, the choice of a suture method in a given instance has mostly been directed by popular practice and opinion, with
Dental Sutures are used to close open wounds after a surgery or an injury. Suturing a wound helps in promoting healing of the wound. Selecting the appropriate suture needle is very important to ensure proper healing and reduce the building up of scar tissue. While selecting a suture needle factors like its tensile strength,tissue biocompatibility, minimal knot slippage and ease of use should be kept in mind. Resorbable or absorbable sutures are convenient for the patient; some are of biological origin such as gut sutures and chromic gut sutures, while others are synthetic such as Polygycolic
An experimental study compared Prolene®, DualMesh®, Ultrapro®, TiMesh®, SeprameshTM, ParietexTM Composite, Proceed® and Tutomesh® regarding adhesion formation (7 and 30 postoperative days). On postoperative day 30, ParietexTM Composite, Tutomesh® and SeprameshTM reported the smallest amount of adhesions. In a recent study, the adhesion profiles of MarlexTM and Bard® Soft either exposed directly to the viscera or protected with Vicryl® mesh were evaluated. MarlexTM showed smallest adhesion score and the use of Vicryl® as a separating layer did not reduce adhesions [210].