Essay On Ulcerative Colitis

Complications of Crohn’s may include bowel obstructions, ulcers, fistulas, malnutrition, anal fissures, colon cancer and other health problems. The bowel may become thickened and narrowed disallowing digestive contents to exit

When there is a problem in the colon, and these cells are inflamed and infected, they

The name for these erosions is aphthous ulcers. These erosions, after a while, start to deepen and grow in diameter. Once they reach a certain size, they can be referred to as ulcers. These ulcers can cause scarring and they can also cause the bowel to become stiff and lose its elasticity. As Crohn’s worsens, the bowel becomes obstructed once the passageways narrow enough. This obstruction can cause a buildup of food that is still being digested, fluid and gas that comes from the stomach. This obstruction will then prevent all of those products from entering into the colon. This will cause severe abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and even abdominal distention. If the ulcers located in the walls of the bowel become large or extreme enough, holes can form in the walls of the bowel. Once those holes are formed in the bowel, the bacteria normal to the bowel can then pass through those holes and spread to nearby organs and into the abdominal cavity causing what are called fistulas. These fistulas are like a channel/tunnel that is formed between the ulcer and the adjacent organ. Then when a fistula is created between the affected intestine and the bladder, it is called an enteric-vesicular fistula which can lead to UTI’s and feces being presented during urination. Next, when the fistula is formed between the intestine and skin, it is called an enteric-cutaneous fistula. What this fistula, pus and mucous exit the body through a painful opening found in the skin of the

Crohn 's disease is one of two conditions referred to by the term "Inflammatory Bowel Disease" (IBD). The other condition that is referred to as an IBD is called Ulcerative Colitis. Both Crohn’s and Ulcerative Colitis are conditions that cause recurring or persistent inflammation in one or more sections of the intestine. The literal definition of "inflammation" is "being set on fire". It is a protective reaction that happens when tissue is injured or destroyed. There are two types of inflammations. The first is acute inflammation, which is defined by heat, redness, pain and swelling. The

It is believed that a diet which lacks enough fiber is a primary cause of the high pressure created in the colon. The increased pressure causes tissue breakdown of the colonic wall. If you don’t eat enough fiber, the stool gets hard. When stool gets hard, it tends to stay in one spot and more fecal matter packs up behind it, which causes more pressure to be exerted on the wall of the colon.

The principal symptoms of Crohn’s disease are diarrhea and abdominal pain. Other symptoms include abdominal cramping and tenderness (often in lower right area), abdominal distention, fever, fatigue, and rectal bleeding. Bleeding may be serious and persistent, leading to a low red blood cell count or anemia. As the disease progresses, malnutrition, dehydration, electrolyte, imbalances, increased peristalsis, and pain around umbilicus may occur. Another symptom to be

Diarrhea - can be mild to very severe. Sometimes there may be mucus, blood. The patient may want to go and find there is nothing to pass. Fatigue - patients with Crohn's disease may sometimes feel extremely tired. Fever is also possible during fatigue. Altered appetite - generally, people with Crohn's disease have periods when their appetite is very low. Weight loss - this is common, especially when the patient experiences loss of appetite. Anemia - if the patient is losing blood there is a risk of anemia. Rectal bleeding and anal fissures - when the skin of the anus becomes cracked there will be anal fissures. These may become painful and can bleed.

A group of low-molecular-weight peptides that are active at low concentrations better known as Cytokines, bind to certain receptors and produce autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine. Chemokines peptides attract inflammatory cells. Therefore, Cytokine and chemokine produce and attract T-cell infiltration. TH-1 cells in Crohn's disease patients increase the inflammatory response (Lashner,2013). Prognosis of Crohn's varies among patients. Patients may have long periods of remission and possibly become free of symptoms for years. Although, there are treatments for Crohn's disease it is not possible to know if treatment has helped or when symptoms will return. Regardless of Crohn's disease reoccurring various times through one's lifetime, patients are able to hold jobs, raise families and function in society the same way a healthy individual would (Prognosis of Crohn's

The tell-tale symptoms of Crohn’s disease are abdominal cramps and pain, urgent need to move bowels, sensation of incomplete evacuation, severe or persistent diarrhea, constipation which may lead to bowel obstruction, rectal bleeding, fatigue, weight loss, loss of appetite and malnutrition because the disease causes inflammation of the lining of your digestive tract .Some other general symptoms may also include, fever, night sweats, loss of normal menstrual cycle.

More than one million people have been diagnosed with IBD in the United States, accounting for 100,000 hospitalizations per year. Approximately 10 to 25 percent of affected patients have a first-degree relative with either ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease. Risk factors include heredity, age, environmental and family history. Although signs and symptoms of rectal bleeding, weight loss, abdominal pain, cramping, anemia (low blood count) or fever can range from mild to severe, it usually develops very gradual. A person may even have periods of remission without having any symptoms for a length of time. Neither Crohn’s disease nor UC are contagious or preventable and etiology is unclear, it’s thought to be an autoimmune disorder that causes the body to react abnormally in the intestinal tract. Although Crohn’s disease and UC have similar symptoms, they vary on how the affect the gastrointestinal tract. A required colonoscopy procedure to obtain tissue samples, from the colon, will confirm or rule out any disease process. Once diagnosed, colon cancer increases with both diseases. Special surveillance of colon screening would be

Inflamed tissues from Ulcerative Colitis (UC) patients show increased oxidative and nitrosative damage, leading to accumulation of mutations and dysplastic progression27,28. Infiltrating leukocytes from these patients have increased ROS production in basal conditions and in response to different ligands29. Since TLR4 mediates ROS production in leukocytes22, it is easy to speculate that immune cells drive pro-tumorigenic effects of TLR4. However, bone marrow-transfer experiments in our lab demonstrate that non-immune TLR4 participates in development of neoplasia8. Furthermore, we have shown that epithelial TLR4 activation predisposes to colitis and CAC6. To understand the role of epithelial TLR4 in neoplasia, our research has focused on the

The most symptoms of ulcerative colitis are abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea mixed with pus, blood and mucus. Individuals may become very sick and weak, they can suffer form anemia, weight loss, loss of appetite, rectal bleeding, loss of body fluids and nutrients, skin lesion, joint pain, and growth failure specially in children according to the extent of the disease. Just how risk factors have a different affects on everyone symptoms are also different. A quarter of the patients only have the disease only have mild symptoms while others suffer from fevers, bloody diarrhea, nausea and severe abdominal cramps. Complications may also occur outside the colon such as arthritis, inflammation of the

Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a chronic, idiopathic disease of recurring inflammation that affects mostly the colon. Similar to Chron’s disease (Chron’s), Ulcerative Colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that is classified as auto immune. The difference between Chron’s and Ulcerative Colitis is the location of the inflammation. Inflammation occurs when the mucosal barrier is broken down in the intestine. Damage to the mucosal barrier and epithelial cells leads to an increase in gut permeability. With Chron’s inflammation can occur anywhere in the digestive tract, while Ulcerative Colitis is only present in the large intestine also known as the colon. Occurring more often than Chron’s, North America and Northern Europe

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can be defined as the chronic condition (it is persistent/ long-standing disease) resulting from inappropriate mucosal immune activation. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can start at any age. However, it is frequently seen among teenagers And also among young adults in their early twenties, both genders can be affected by this disease. There are two conditions that traditionally comprise inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Ulcerative colitis and crohns disease. Comparison between Ulcerative colitis and crohns disease are clinically useful, because distinguishing between the two conditions allow specialists to choose the right management way. Comparison between Ulcerative colitis and crohns disease are

One symptom that is not definite, but may help decide what form of IBD is present, is where the pain in the abdomen is located. Typically Ulcerative Colitis patients experience pain in the lower left section of the abdomen, while Crohn’s Disease patients tend to suffer from pain in the lower right section of the abdomen. “With Ulcerative Colitis, bleeding from the rectum during bowel movements is very common, and bleeding is much less common in patients with Crohn’s Disease.” (Tresca, 2009)