Essay

Since Federation in 1901, Australia was largely monolingual, with a vast majority of the populace of British descent. Decades later, the ‘White Australia Policy’ was implemented, where ‘All newcomers will have to learn to speak Australian.’ (AA Caldwell) was largely due to arising xenophobic sentiment and further escalated the monolingual ideal in Australian culture. European migrants arriving before the reversal of the policy experienced significant social pressure to change, which resulted in significant phonological shifts to integrate with the mainstream society. In her 1985 study, Horvath described this phenomenon as ‘Ethnic Broad’. Similarly, second generation migrants had tried to avoid using ethnolects and instead opting for SAE to integrate into society. Although X did not arrive in Australia in the period of extreme monolinguist ideals, she has adopted a Broad Austrian accent; which is demonstrated by the accentuation of vowels. Even now, ‘monolingual community will generally view the multilingual individual in particular ways that are prejudicial to that

To understand the true nature of an Australian’s racism, one must take the perspective an immigrant. What better way to put ourselves in the shoes of an immigrant than a

Within the first episode they visit an Iraq group and an African family. The Iraq group had different religions among them and it is hard for them to practice their religion in Australia. The Africans ate their food traditionally which meant they were not allowed to consume alcohol and they had to eat with their hands; no knifes or forks are to be used. When they would eat in public, people would stare and make the Africans feel like they were being judged. Just like Alices family from “Unpolished gem”, they decided to assimilate as well. Although the Iraqis and the Africans could both speak English, you can instantly tell that English isn’t their first language and that is something people discriminate against. Constantly being looked down upon and judged for their cultural differences in comparison to Australians, immigrants suffer further once they have safely arrived in

To tackle the housing affordability, first of all, it is crucial to lift the supply of housing as it will release the pressure on the housing price. Nevertheless, the supply of housing is inelastic as it requires an adequate fund, time, approval from the Government. Besides, the housing system is heavily dependent on the private sector. Thus, the Government should provide initiatives for housing providers to shift the supply of houses in the market. Australia would follow the policies from other countries to tackle the housing affordability. However, it has to fit in the Australian context. These policies might work well in other places but it does not mean that it will be applicable in Australia. The Singapore Government has a public

1. Understand how legislation, frameworks, codes of practice and policies relate to positive behaviour support.

It is thought by many that part of the Australian identity is being a very tolerant country that accepts and includes all cultures and people from all walks of life; however, after coming across the poems No More Boomerang by Oodgeroo Noonuccal and Be Good, Little Migrants by Uyen Loewald, the experiences felt by two Australians prove that this idea is... questionable.

The party in government is made up of ___________ and has direct impact on governmental policy; it is largely independent of ___________________.

After WW2, the Labour Prime Minister, Ben Chifley, launched Australia’s largest immigration program ever. Along with the program, the catchphrase ‘Populate or Perish’ was widely used to imply that more immigrants, preferably white, were necessary to fight of the steady stream of Asian immigration. As part of Immigration policy, these immigrants were expected to assimilate – meaning that they had to give up their preceding culture and embody Australian customs. This was simple for those who come from Britain but was very much a difficult task for those few immigrants who were not of British descent.

In the first half of the 20th century, the Australian Government sought to create a white, uniform society. After observing an increase in the Aboriginal population and realising that they would not just ‘die out’, the Government developed assimilation policies that encouraged ‘half-cates’ Indigenous to assimilate into white community and ‘full-blood’ Aborigines would be left

Culture is always changing. Beliefs, behaviours and presentation, religion and language all form part of what is an individual’s or community’s culture. (Bowes, Grace, & Hodge, 2012, p.75 & 77). Due to its intrinsic nature, when people migrate to Australia, they bring their culture with them. As migrants come from all over the world, and not the one place, their

The national identity of Australians has been one of the most debated issues among the country. Since the British's attack in 1788, the Anglo-Saxon legacy had unavoidably prompted the creation of "Britishness" and "whiteness" as one of the focal points for national identity of Australians. Robinson explains that “whiteness” isn't a fundamental protest that was socially developed. Rather the idea 'white' signifies simply skin color. It is the Indigenous 'other' who is the concentration of rationalization and its effects (Robinson 2008).

The Australian identity is progressively constructed through political and societal ideologies that have shaped views on morality, race, character, values and religion (Cousins, 2005). The genesis of an Australian identity dates back to the white settlement, where culture was dominantly influenced and controlled by an Anglo-Saxon heritage and harsh circumstances due to terrain and climate (Moran, 2011). Thus, physical rigorousness, mateship and the capability to endure hardship were foundational in the development of identity (Baum & Butler, 2014). Mono-racialism in mainstream media has become a paramount realisation amongst minority groups in society (Aquilia, 2001). ABC program, ‘The Drum’, demonstrated the lack of non Anglo-Saxon actors

Australia is a nation of immigrants. It has become a vibrant & diverse place where tolerance & equality are both accepted & expected by its people as part of their way of life. It is also considered as one of the world’s most culturally diverse countries. In fact, it was the egalitarian streak in Australia’s national character that facilitated the development of contemporary multiculturalism of Australia.

It is questions of this magnitude in which, I wish that we were in the traditional classroom setting so that I could hear the perspectives of my Caucasian classmates. Especially now where the lines are being drawn in the sand when comes to people’s feelings about race and ethnicity in the U.S. It is my opinion that some white people are embarrassed by the way their ancestors treated everyone else who did not look like them. They exercised cultural, political, economic, and social control over another group of individuals, which eventually lead to the exploitation of the lesser group. The results of this colonialism lead to the almost extermination, generations of segregation, attempts at assimilation, but never the less the continuous fight

Historically, Australia and its policies were not accepting of immigration of a Multicultural Australia. With the ‘White Australia Policy’, adopted in 1901 (when the colonies