Essay

“I got up and pretended to study the pictures on the walls like I was a lover of religious art. When I got to the Merciful Mother right above Sinita’s head, I reached in my pocket and pulled out the bottom I’d found on the train. It was sparkly like a diamond and had a little hole in back so you could thread a ribbon through it and wear it like a romantic lady’s choker necklace. It wasn’t something I’d do, but I could see the button would make a good trade with someone inclined in that direction.

Evidence of almost 100 of the stones has revealed without the need to excavate the site, due to remote sensing, ground-penetrating radar and geographical imaging technologies. These advancements in science and technology allow researchers to discover the historical monuments full extent. Fragments of bones, stones and the foundation pits in which they were situated have all been uncovered during excavations and technological mapping indicating the true size and importance the site was to the Neolithic

When considering excavation methods, the location of the site has to be taken into account, as many archaeological methodologies can cause long-term damage to the site. So considering conservation strategies and methods is crucial. This directly applies to New Kinord, as the

Bonnie Green, Chief Estimator, agreed that in a normal year only slight delays might develop due to a shortage of labor. However, she pointed out that for such a large project, the company would have to use unionized employees and that the construction industry labor agreements with New York City were to expire on October 30, 2004. Past experience and current construction activity in the surrounding area indicated that any union tradesman would support a strike against the city. Since this is a public project, she estimates that there is a 50% chance that they would strike this project to gain the attention of the national media.

From the area that was excavated a total of 30,306 artifacts were excavated from the abandonment deposit. Of these 58.09% related to building materials, 1.15% were classified as ceramics, 30.78% were classified as ecological, .29% were classified as farmware, 3.02% were classified as glass, .56 % was classified as munitions, 1.6% as personal, .17% as general tools and 4.34% as utensils. The focal point of the following review of the data will be on the use of space in terms of foodstuffs, general working areas, and

The study area was approximately 3,717 acres in size, of which 421 acres (11%) were sampled with field investigations. Sample blocks measuring 360x150 meters in size were distributed among 31 broad pedological units. Forty-nine (49) archaeological resources were investigated, including two that were previously recorded, 33 that were newly identified, and 14 isolated finds. As a result, six sites were recommended for avoidance or additional work to firmly evaluate them for the NRHP. Based on the sampling, a density of one site/nine acres was estimated for the intensive survey phase. This density compared well with the density observed for the western section (Abbott and Davis 1995:130). Two hypotheses were given for the high site density: 1) better preservation as a result of less severe erosion and 2) specific prehistoric/historic settlement

In the science of archeology there are four goals that an archaeologist attempts to discover about an artifact, group of people, or a certain culture. These goals of archeology are: to describe the thing, place, and time, determine the function to recreate past behavior, determine how and why cultures change, and the cultural meaning behind objects. Archeology has evolved over time to better support those who are trying to accomplish these main goals; they range from improvements in the global positioning system to better locate sites with historical meaning, to new forms of dating to receive a more accurate date. One archeologist named Kathryn Kamp explores all of these techniques and ideas as she excavated the Lizard Man Village site and

The purpose of a Stage 3 assessment is to asses the cultural heritage value or interest of each archaeological site identified in a Stage 2 assessment, to determine whether it has been sufficiently documented or if further measures are required to protect or document the site fully. In the case of this Stage 3 assessment, two sites will be considered. Site 1 is a small pre-contact site located on a prominent sandy knoll in a ploughed field. Site 2 is a large pre-contact site located in a ploughed field. Both sites suggest pre-contact habitation as a result of having found pre-contact artefacts on the subject properties. The objectives will be to determine the extent of the archaeological site and the characteristics of the artefacts, to collect a representative sample of artefacts, to assess the cultural heritage value or interest of the archaeological site, and to determine the need for mitigation of development impact and recommend appropriate strategies for mitigation and future conservation. For the purpose of this Stage 3 proposal, I

It is now the year 5000, and most of the United States (US) has been covered in snow, since 2016. For the first time in almost 3000 years the snow has let up and parts of the US, and parts of the US are available to be explored. While countless other architects are excited about the prospects, there is only so much land that was uncovered. An area still available is a modest, remote place in the middle of the US. With the snow covering everything and poor record keeping, archeologist is walking into the situation with little to no information. What we do know is times have changed dramatically since the snow took over.

Actual methods used today The methods used by archaeologists to gather data in modern day digs, can be applied to any time period, including the very recent past. One archaeologist in the U.S. has become known for his study of the garbage discarded by the people of Tuscan, Arizona in the 1970’s. Archaeologists also rely on methods from other fields such as history, botany, geology, and soil science to excavate

In the realm of archaeology, beginning in the fall of 2016, I have performed research for Kacy Hollenback, PhD, at Southern Methodist University. Dr. Hollenback is a Northern Plains Indian archaeologist who hired me to assist her with a project analyzing soil samples taken from the floors of Hidatsa earth lodges in North Dakota. Her goal in collecting these samples is to determine where within each earth lodge household activities occurred. Based on the chemical content of the soil cores, Dr. Hollenback hopes to deduce where the food was prepared, where the residents slept, where the rituals were performed and where weapons were sharpened, among other activities. She collected the samples from an earth lodge along the Knife River in North Dakota. This earth lodge was in the same settlement that was originally the historic Sakakawea’s home.

Yet this is not often, what researchers find when looking at various cultural funerary places. For instance, in the burial sites of the Mayan, Late Classical period at Xuenkal, and Yucata´ n in Mexico, their location was compromised due to the region's climate. In this area there are many sinkholes, the soil has high moisture content, and construction of homes added to the loss of integrity to the sites (Tiesler, et al., 2010:366). Researchers at this location had to decide which bodies belong to what burial (Tiesler, et al., 2010:368). In order to determine if initial findings were correct, lab analysis was conducted, to reexamine these remains (Tiesler, et al., 2010:369). After studying the sites, researchers determined that cranial

I am writing to you in regards to the recent lootings of Sinagua sites and the destruction of historical context that can never be replaced. Not only is looting illegal on Federal land due to various Archaeological protection laws, its severely inhibits archaeologists jobs to recover the precious data that it left from the people of the past. Archaeologists already have a difficult job teasing out wide swathing theories about culture and various uses of artifacts and features from very little evidence. Much of the analysis has to with the context of the find and its provenience related to everything around it. Once an artifact has been removed from In Situ in loses the valuable information that was once associated with it. We can no longer tell for certain when the artifact was used due to the destruction of the strata, when we could have once created a relative time line comparing surrounding feature and artifacts. Any possibility for absolute dating techniques would be null and void as it is essential that we know that the artifact in question had come from the same stratigraphic layer as

In El Salvador 1976, an accident occurred that changed archaeology as we know it. At the time the construction company that partially bulldozed through this discovery had no idea they unearthed one of the best preserved sites around today: the Ceren site. The Ceren site was found so well preserved in volcanic ash that initially, the construction company did not believe the site was over 100 years old. However they still chose to stop digging and called the National Museum to find an archaeologist that can properly determine the age of the site After a quick glance, the official also determined this site was less than 100 years old.

During the excavation of the workshop discovered in Blombos Cave, the stratigraphy provides a basic background for the study. First of all, as stated in the source article, the archaeologists used the methods of OSL dating, thermoluminescence dating as well as uranium-series methods to identify the ages of each soil layer, which the archaeologists can further