Estimation Of Emissions At Construction Phase

Case Background: - In transportation industry, one of the biggest challenge is how to deal with carbon dioxide emissions and how to reduce the energy. According to the Natural Resources Canada, one third of the greenhouse emission is because of transportation industry.

Assess the potential environmental impact of a proposed construction project on the local natural environment.

Industries and Electrical generation are estimated to produce “a little over 50%” of greenhouse emissions, making it the biggest problem (Petterson

Method one is appropriate for QEH because the source of the emission is fuel combustion which is homogenous across the organisation. QEH is using liquid and solid fuel in their transport, which have homogenous source.  Emission by this method is easily estimated by referring to reportable data on fossil fuel consumption. The volume of consumed fuel in tones can be easily determined which are used in this method to calculate emitted carbon dioxide. Chemical properties of fossil fuels used in vehicles is uniform and can be easily determined using the tools provided in the method. If there are many types of emission sources available then methods 2,3 and 4 will give the perfect results in calculating the emissions. The range of emission sources covered in the determination includes the combustion of fuels for energy, fugitive emissions from the extraction of coal, oil and gas, industrial processes (such as producing cement and steel) and waste management

The heavy usage of machinery and fossil fuels required in industrialization leads to high amounts of carbon emissions. The mass amount of raw materials used in each industry accumulates and

Review the Plagiarism and Academic Integrity website a http;/www.lc.unsw.edu.au/plagiarism/pintro.html to ensure they are familiar with the requirements to provide appropriate acknowledgement of source materials; and

Today’s Designers, Architects and Constructors have a duty of care to strive to produce energy efficient and energy saving buildings. Where possible the sustainability of resources / materials and techniques must be a primary concern in the decision making process.

Climate change and transportation play a big role and it is important to be concerned for our future generations. The use of gasoline cars is a major producer in carbon dioxide emissions, although they are not entirely responsible for it—they play a role in it. Other form of transportations like buses and taxis also contribute to carbon dioxide emissions. The total amount of carbon dioxide emissions from an average car is seventy six percent which comes from usage of a vehicle containing gasoline. Efficiency has increased by twenty percent in regards to electric motors, especially when it comes to their wheels using no power when the car is at rest. Car ownership will increase and with this, improvements in technology could be a vital

Moreover, carbon and petroleum, compounds which produce large amounts of carbon emissions when burned, have accounted for more than half of the energy produced in 2013, while cleaner energy sources, such as solar and wind power, were reported as less than 10% of the produced energy (Adams). Developing countries, like China and India, play a huge role in the production. China alone contributed 27% of 2011’s total carbon emissions (Union). The process of modernization and the air pollution that this causes has led to uncontrollable environmental damage, in addition to a huge influx of health defects and pollution-related deaths.

Kulczycka (2015) compared the demonstration of IWM-2 and SimaPro (Ecoinvent database) in which the calculation of the difference in results related to number, amount of emission (pollutants) and the consumption (materials and energy) was described. IWM-2 identified 31 types of emissions into the air for land filling while Ecoinvent identified 405 types of emissions into the air, and IWM-2 identified 39 types of emissions into water while Ecoinvent identified 403 types. The IWM-2 program did not cover the emissions into the soil, while the Ecoinvent database identified 60 types of impacts on landfill and 58 types of impacts for recycling

A few of these was include, methagenic material eliminating methane emissions and offsetting the reduction in landfill carbon sequestration, materials that require large energy input can be made from recycled inputs which require less energy and virgin materials, as well as the reduction of cardboard and paper products reduces the demand for fresh wood for harvest which increases forest carbon storage (Kelleher, Seidel, & Torrie, 2015). For certain materials, recycling, reducing, and reusing them have a positive effect on reducing the energy use of industries to manufacture them and GHGs. Some of these materials include aluminum and paper. The authors discuss how the overall GHG emissions that are embedded in a final product is still sensitive to the amount of energy used during the manufacturing process as well as the GHG intensity of the energy use and various fuels utilized during the manufacturing processes (Kelleher, Seidel, & Torrie, 2015). The authors also find that GHG associated with aluminum and paper is higher in the United States industry because of the lower GHG intensity of Canadian electricity (Kelleher, Seidel, & Torrie, 2015). This is the result of Canada utilizing more hydroelectricity and the United States depends more on coal for electricity (Kelleher, Seidel, & Torrie, 2015). Table 2 illustrates the impact of recycling due to forest carbon sequestration and energy savings on GHGs. In this table we see that aluminum, non-ferrous, and PET are the most recycled materials that have high energy savings and forest carbon sequestration. These materials are measured in tonnes and represented as CO2eq per tonne of recycled material. Moreover, the selected materials that have the least GHG impact on energy saving and forest carbon sequestration are glass, ferrous metals, steel, and

The transport sector is one of the main global consumers of fossil fuel related energy in the world. Unfortunately fossil fuel is non-renewable source of energy and the production of oil has been fluctuating in the recent past. At the same time, combustion of petroleum related fuel release greenhouse gases such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide that destroy the ozone layer and result to further environmental degradation. Therefore to work

Overall there are numerous environmental factors to consider with the construction of the skyscraper from the ‘AllHigh’ company. These factors determine whether or not this proposal is beneficial, whilst also meeting the needs of the society and the environment. Although many disadvantages were present, other alternatives and recommendations are needed to potentially reduce the level of impact and hopefully mitigate some consequences.

CO2 is the most significant greenhouse gas, which mainly comes from the use of fossil fuels. Many people feel that content of CO2 in the atmosphere is the main reason for manmade global warming. The main sources of CO2 emissions involve electricity generation, industrial processes, fumes from transportation and commercial buildings and use. Emissions of greenhouse gases, such as CO2, to the atmosphere are expected to cause even more of a significant change in global climate (Davison, 2007). The main focus to try to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is to reduce the amount that is released from coal-fired power plants. Greenhouse gas emissions that involve the productions of electricity come from natural gas production and coal-fired power plant operations. Natural gas production accounts for twenty-four percent and coal-fired power plant operations accounts for seventy-five percent, while the other one percent is caused by other electricity generation operations. The main reason why coal-fired power plants have a higher percentage of emissions is because the sulfur content of coal is much higher than that of other fossil fuels (Jarmaillo et al., 2007). This proves that there is a great need to find an alternative fossil fuel to use instead of coal. Although coal is easy to mine, transport and process for the electricity generation process, it is also the

emissions. It is interesting to point out that since 2005, CO2 emissions from power plants have already