Ethical And Ethical Theories Of Ethics

Many different views and concepts related to ethics are discussed by Schermerhorn and Bachrach in this week’s lecture. As leaders and managers, a detailed understanding of these concepts is essential to providing appropriate leadership, guidance, and role-modeling to our employees, peers, and customers. Ethics and ethical behavior are especially important based on the scrutiny placed on leaders and managers in today’s world of increasing mass communication, social media, and enhanced transparency.

In Intro to Ethics, we have discussed each moral theory in the context of how the theories dealt with the theory of right conduct and with the deontic status the action had. When we looked at how each theory we talked about dealt with deontic status, we looked at how the actions were right or wrong. The main theories we looked at this semester that dealt with right conduct were utilitarianism, Kant’s moral theory, and virtue ethics. Although each of these moral theories has its own flaws, I believe that Kant’s moral theory is the strongest and most superior out of all the moral theories.

What is the aim of moral (ethical) theory that you learned from the reading? Elaborate on this by explaining how you think that having a clearer understanding of ethics can affect your life.

Utilitarianism is a consequentialist philosophy: the righteousness and wrongness of actions depend on the result of the actions, not the intent of the actions. Actions are right if they maximize happiness and decrease pain. It is important to maximize happiness as a collective, not just maximize happiness the pleasure individually. For example, there are opportunities in which sacrificing one’s own happiness is acceptable if it results in a greater value of happiness in a community. A Utilitarian can calculate the net worth of actions by calculating the pain and pleasure it each will create. However, during events where there is not enough time for calculation, we can just rely on the rule of thumb, which are basic (common sense) rules, such as not murdering, lying, or cheating.

Utilitarianism is a moral theory that says any action is morally right if the consequence is positive or for the better. Likewise, any action is morally wrong if the consequence is negative or for the worse. In simpler words, if an action leads to happiness, joy, betterment of an individual or people at large, reduces pain and suffering or facilitates contentment, then the action is in accordance with utilitarianism or morally right. In the same vein, if an action causes pain, suffering, reduces joy or happiness, facilitates discontentment or causes outright harm, then it is morally wrong and thus against the tenets of utilitarianism. There are two different types of utilitarianism, one is extreme utilitarianism and the other is restricted

Utilitarianism is a moral theory developed and expanded upon by philosophers Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill. According to John Stuart Mill, utilitarianism is the “creed which accepts as the foundations of morals, utility, or the greatest-happiness principle, holds that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness.” (Mill, Utilitarianism) As mentioned above, the main tenet of utilitarianism is based upon the notion that no moral decision is intrinsically right or wrong. Rather, whether a decision is right or wrong is dependent on overall utility produced as a result of making a decision. Utility produced can be defined as health, pleasure, happiness, satisfaction, and/or happiness. Some strengths of utilitarianism is as follows. One, the ethical theory is based on the straightforward principle of minimizing pain and suffering and maximizing pleasure and happiness. Utilitarianism is attractive to the individual and society, because it seeks decisionmaking that contributes to a happy life. Two, utilitarianism is egalitarian and it allows all individuals the power to make their own decisions. Third, in utilitarianism value extends beyond humans and includes other species. Utilitarianism also contains a number of weaknesses. One, utilitarianism de-prioritizes the right of the individual. In the pure pursuit of pleasure, utilitarianism will exploit individuals and

Utilitarianism is an evaluation of an action, whether it is favorably or unfavorably affected by the people, which is based upon their consequences. It is an ethical philosophy that has the procurement of achieving the maximum amount of happiness for the greatest number of people. There are two Classical Utilitarian philosophers, Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, who believed that the greatest good in the world was attaining pleasure and the avoidance of pain. It was the idea that the goal for overall happiness was created for the society by an action of someone’s well-doing.

After discussing ethical dilemmas from individual and corporation aspects, we bring ethical discussions from four major points according to ethical theories introduced in the background section: social duty, consequence, law and culture.

Utilitarianism (also called consequentialism) is “actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness; wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness. By happiness is intended pleasure and the absence of pain; by unhappiness, pain and the privation of pleasure.” (CW, X.210) (Heydt). There are several varieties of utilitarianism. “Basically, a utilitarian approach to morality implies that no moral act (an act of stealing) or rule (“Keep your promises”) is intrinsically right or wrong. Rather, the rightness or wrongness of an act or rule is solely a matter of the overall nonmoral good (pleasure, happiness, health, knowledge, or satisfaction of individual desire) produced in the consequences of doing that act or following that rule (Moreland, 2009).” I will argue the believe of Utilitarian’s way of the purpose of morality is to make life better by “increasing the amount of good things” (such as pleasure and happiness) in the world and “decreasing the amount of bad things” (such as pain and unhappiness) (Nathanson).

Normative ethics is a study that tries to determine which things are good, which actions are right, which motives are worthy and which character traits are virtues. In other words, normative ethics is a philosophy about what we should morally do. Metaethics is a theory about normative ethics which is concerned about what exactly do normative ethics are claiming. This is a philosophy about the nature of moral claims, moral judgements and moral disagreements made by the normative ethics. Many theologians believe that religion is the only basis for morality. The Divine Command Theory is a view that an action, behaviour, choice is morally good or right because it is commanded by God and something is morally bad or wrong if God forbids it

Ethics also known as moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that involves the classification, defense and endorsement of concepts of right and wrong actions that govern an individual’s behavior. Based on the “Billy and Suzy” scenario from a utilitarian ethical perspective, I would choose to follow Billy to ensure that nothing transpires between him and the lady he left the bar with. The best action to take would be to follow him and ensure that he does not leave for the night with the lady. I would force him into a cab if need be and ensure he gets home. Utilitarianism is a normative ethical theory that places the morality of right and wrong solely on the consequences and effects of choosing to take one course of action over another. This is in light of taking into account the interests of others over your own.

There are eight major ethical theories the ones that were focused on in the video were deontological and utilitarian. The deontological theory is the sense of obligation, that someone feels that it their morally duty to do the right thing. The utilitarian theory is that people act and behave so that they will produce happiness for the greatest number of people. These two different ethical theories are ways that people behave and think is morally correct.

Throughout the last few weeks of class, we have discussed many different theories of ethics by many different philosophers. We have examined these theories by looking at different examples of how someone who believes in a specific theory would respond to the situation. I have come to the conclusion after closely examining each theory of ethics that virtue ethics presented by Rosalind Hursthouse is closest to correct. Even though virtue ethics has a few flaws that I believe need to be revised, this theory is closest to what I believe is correct. This theory is well structured and has fewer controversies than the other theories we have looked at because this theory deals with wider questions like, how should I live my life, instead of narrow questions like, how should I respond to this situation. In many other theories, we are given a specific, often unlikely situation, and given a specific way to respond to that situation. In my life I have always learned many important values from role models like my mom and dad. These people are considered virtuous people to me because I have learned right from wrong from them my entire life. Learning how to act from another person in real life situations better prepares me to make the right moral decisions in my own life. Overall, I believe that virtue ethics is the closets theory to correct because in virtue ethics, we are given a way to act and a role model to follow in order to make the right moral decision in all situations all of the

There are different legal right that govern our attitude and behavior in our society. In regards to virtue ethic is seemed to be too complex for many of us to bear because of the way it was introduced to our societies. There are laws that we have to follow, but there is a difference between laws and ethics. There are a lot of professional and non-professional levels of behaviors that met up with their target and achievement, but we use ethic to make our moral decisions in everyday life.

Ethics is an area of study that deals with concepts of what is regarded to as wrong or right (Brown, Harrison & Trevino, 2005). This paper will focus on how I think through and determine what is wrong and right in my daily life. It will also give examples of ethical behaviors and how cultural heritage has shaped my values. Further, it will describe the nature of four ethical behaviors I have. In addition, it will identify a noble hero that has served as my role model as well as their characteristics. It will further describe how this hero has influenced my value system. Moreover, it will explain my implicit ethical decision-making style including how this course and my cultural heritage have served as influential factors.