This week readings, were different from the rest of the course, since they addressed the institutional aspects of ethical conduct. Anthropologists, differently from some other disciplines, encounter with different challenges while doing fieldwork, since the research tends to take place in sensitive contexts. Anthropologists worked without a centralized ethical conduct manual, until the AAA issued the statement in which they stand for ‘doing no harm’ as a central principle. This ethical code has had several amendments, being the 2009, the last one. The AAA also offers an ‘ethics handbook’, in which they discuss several situations that anthropologists might encounter while doing fieldwork, while publishing or in university settings.
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Rebecca’s research raised an important issue, that related with past classes which is the applicability of our research. We discussed that ethics are not only while carrying on research, but also afterwards, when our work is done. Research as Rebecca’s, can be used as an advocating tool for ‘safe spaces’ since the virtual world, is not only a physical, but also a symbolical safe space, which helps people empathize and understand the importance of not being judged insensitive situations. Pedrom’s and mine, are a good example of an attempt of doing academic research that can afterwards be used as an advocacy tool-
3. What are some of the ideas, concepts, or entire texts that were difficult, or that you had trouble understanding? Why were they difficult? (1pt)
There were no concepts or ideas that were difficult, however while reading the AAA statement, I found that despite being a document carefully crafted, there is stiall a lack of accountability for unethical researchers. By unethical I mean, people who is intentionally violating ethical conduct to gain a benefit exclusively for themselves. The second issue that I found problematic, is that in several universities and anthropology departmentes, there is no mandatory ethics overview, which leads to two different consequences: people having unethical conduct out of ignorance or people intentionally behaving in an unethical
These issues are all of ethical concerns, but are also legal concern according to the fact that is illegal to not completely attempt resuscitative efforts in the absence of a DNR.
Make arrangements to send patients who need more complex care to the nearest available medical centers or hospitals.
Pertaining to or dealing with morals or the principles of morality; pertaining to right and wrong in conduct (Dictionary.com).
Bell (2005) mentioned that ethical research involves acquiring informed consent of people to be interviewed, questioned, observed or taken materials from and reaching to an understanding of how the data will be used and analysis will be reported and published. In guiding the activities of researchers, Denscombe (2010) described three ethical; “protection of participants’ interest”, “avoiding deception or misinterpretation” and “informed consent of participants”.
Those who pursue social science research (documentary work) walk quite a fine ethical line. Works of all types- from film to research studies to photography and videography including daily news stories- are open to criticism for the versions of reality they produce for their audiences. Indeed, there exist academic and professional guidelines explicitly itemizing set standards of practice for various mediums, for example- broadcast news stories, magazine articles and documentary films. And although they may have been meticulously outlined, these standards simply cannot account for all who make up the intended viewer or readership. Described as the study of human interaction and how it functions in society, social science research possesses an ethical dilemma that exists in large part because of an unavoidable subjective nature that can never be fully separated from the undertaking. American author and child psychiatrist, Robert Coles, contends this notion in his book
One thing that has changed in my approach to ethics since the beginning of the semester is I am now adamant that it is impossible to arrive at a final answer to ethical questions. Learning about the different approaches to ethics has caused me to see that there can be more than one “right” solution to ethical dilemmas. Therefore, if an ethical question is raised, everyone will arrive at a different solution depending on which approach they take.
Impact of mood on ethical decision-making. Few studies have looked at the various effects of mood ethical decision-making. Most have focused on the differences between positive and negative mood or affective states. It is often unclear whether different emotions will promote or discourage ethical decision making in an organization (Gaudine & Thorne, 2001). Gaudine and Thorne developed a model in order to attempt to understand how emotions affect individual's ability to make ethical decisions in an organization. The authors attempt to use a cognitive-developmental foundation to create a model of emotion and ethical decision making. Cognitive developmental theory posits that people's perception of morality progresses as they develop. People's
Why A Public Anthropology? addresses the issue about why cultural anthropology is not affective by its current stance of “not doing any ethical harm” and into more detail explains why IRB’s should make notions to move towards a more positive stance of "doing good." Throughout the explanation of ethical violations from five given cases, the details will prove why these violations emphasize that the review board’s current stance of "do no harm is an ethically ambiguous position”. Even with anthropologists going in with the intentions of not doing harm result in the exact opposite; including national governments who try to avoid ethical issues end up just over-regulating research studies. These actions limit researcher ability to do well and cause additional problems. IRB’s focus on positive results is based on monetary value and time however this does not show respect and sensitivity. In the reading of this research I conclude it is due to the lack of similarity to the participants of the study leads to lack of care and treatment, thus threatening their wellbeing leads to the ethical issues in research cases and regulation. To solve this problem, Institutional Review Boards and Review Ethics Boards should create a set of common rules, these rules could easily differentiate what between what is what is and what is not ethical behavior and additionally it would facilitate all types of data in research projects that
In society, individuals experience situations in which they tend to question whether their choices are ethical. In the article, “The Importance of Values and Cultures in Ethical Decision Making” by Christine Chimielewski, Chimielewski discusses the three principles which can help a person determine whether they are the good or bad choice. The three principles for making an ethical decision are “The Rule of Private Gain”, “Everyone Does It”, and “Benefits Versus Burden”. If a person is stuck in a situation where they’re indecisive about the choice, then the individual should look at the three principles. This article relates to the story, “Everyone Lives in a Flood Zone,” because of the main character, Jack finds himself in situations that he
In chapter two of the book “Problems from Philosophy”, by James Rachels, the author guided us through the process in which the topic of “Ethics and Objectivity” was discussed and argued. Throughout the chapter, Rachels explores this topic, by discussing several philosophical discussions, regarding ethics, and how it can change our objectivity. Rachels provides us with the following discussions, Thrasymachus’s Challenge, Is Ethics Just a Matter of Social Conventions? Ethics and Science, and The Importance of Human Interests.
In the world today, when there is an unanswered question, I go to the internet and ask Google for the answer. Sometimes, the answer is sufficiently placed atop the resulting query and, sometimes I need to rephrase my question but, sometimes, I find search engines feeding me information filled with deceit and buffoonery. So how exactly is the information scooped by the spoonful from the immense bowl of data bits and displayed before me? I expect that when I throw a rock toward a star, the whole sky falls with information relative to my casting focus. Instead, I am served
There is much debate in the ethics involved in anthropological research and how much the research boards should get involved, because such involvement limits the amount of freedom a researcher has to conduct their experiment. The International Review Board and the Review Ethics Boards should have a common set of regulations to protect the rights of research subjects as well as ensure the subjects receive the maximum amount of benefits while minimizing harm. However, while it is critical to ensure that these regulations are being enforced and the researcher’s actions are being monitored, the interpretations of these regulations should not be so harsh as to unnecessarily limit and sabotage the entire researcher’s purpose if the experiment would
Regarding any research involving human participants, extreme care is required for the health and wellbeing of the individuals involved. This analysis will examine key focal points highlighted in the readings required for this week. First, in the journal, Ethical Responsibilities to Subjects and Documentary Films, Ellen M. Maccarone examines the responsibility of the filmmaker’s to their participants. Comparatively, the second essay, what can a philosophy and ethics of communication look like in the context of documentary filmmaking, Garnet C. Butchart assimilates ethical responsibilities in the context of a documentary and visual representation. . Beginning with Maccarone, morality and ethics are important tools when conducting any form of documentary.
In this essay I am going to examine the extent to which these ethical approaches
Build a mirror CRM production system over the next two weeks so that a rebuilding of the main CRM system could occur to plug security holes and assure that another DoS attack would not be successful.