Advanced practice nurses often face ethical dilemmas in health care, however the care that patients receive must remain consistent and ethically sound. Situations are often created that require decision making under complex circumstances where clear cut rules are often unavailable, therefore medical practitioners must rely on well-established principles as guides to ethical decision making (Shi & Singh, 2015).
According to Shi & Singh (2015), the principle of nonmaleficence means that medical professionals have a moral obligation not to harm others, however many health care interventions carry risks (p. 324). Ethical issues arise in health care research, and in experimental medicine where treatment that is curative is not guaranteed.
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Hamel, Darrow, Sarpatwari, Avorn, & Kesselheim (2015) discuss the implications and significance of right-to-try laws, along with expanded-access programs that are associated with experimental pharmaceutical drugs. State expanded-access programs could bring liability exposure to providers; however, the lack of adverse-event lawsuits may reflect the willingness of such patients to assume risks (Hamel et al., 2015). Ethics and regulatory requirements seek to ensure that the risks of research are minimized and justified, and that the rights and interests of individual research participants are prioritized and respected (Ali, Andrews, Somkin, & Rabinovich, 2015). According to Butts & Rich (2016), nurses are in ideal positions for patient advocacy, as they can clarify and discuss with patients their rights, health goals, treatment issues, and potential outcomes (p. 97). As an APRN I plan on being as transparent as possible when discussing treatment options to both patients, and their loved ones. I intend to convey direct information that is informative and up-to-date, so that my patient and their family remains cognizant of the reality of the situation at
Having an effective ethics and compliance in health care training course for employees within a company is a positive effort to keep not only the company running strong and efficient, but also developing standards for other companies to follow who are trying to create a more applicable format for corporate regulations. According to federal guidelines, designated and regulated by the Office of Inspector General (OIG), a company in compliance to federal healthcare standards will have effective education of employees, investigation measures, discipline and enforcement measures, intervention of violation standards, strong internal audit standards, compliance officers and staff, and lastly, written company standards and policies that is freely available to all employees.
The implementation of Right to Try laws in the majority of our country calls for nurses to stand as patient advocates, educate patients on the risks and benefits of treatments, and expand our own knowledge of trial drugs. In order for a patient to exercise the Right to Try laws the patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill, undergone all appropriate approved treatments, and obtain the support and supervision of their recommending physician (Dresser, 2015). After the physician recommends an experimental drug, nurses should work alongside the physician to educate the patient on the risks and benefits of the drug and to obtain a signed informed consent (“Right to Try,” 2017).
Social workers take the role of different responsibilities to serve clients to enable them to achieve best outcome. Social workers do this by following the legal framework of social work practice and the code of ethic of HCPC standard of proficiency. Through practice, practitioners face a number of ethical dilemmas. An ethical dilemma is a situation in which there is a choice between two equal unwelcome alternatives which a social worker have to make relating to human welfare.
Today many nurses, doctors, and other health care professionals encounter ethical dilemmas on a daily basis. An ethical dilemma can be defined as when there is more than one reasonable solution to a specific scenario. No one solution is more right than the other. In fact, they may both feel wrong, but a decision must be made (Butts & Rich, 2016). In the healthcare setting, nurses should be prepared to think critically and make ethical decisions. There are many factors that contribute to the process of ethical decision making such as ethical perspectives, principles, theories, and guidelines. Ethical decision making is to be rational and systematic. The selected case to be discussed is the case of Jahi McMath,
According to the U.S Department of Health and Human Services, the Affordable care Act from President Obama gives consumers more options and benefits when seeking coverage from insurance company. It offers lowering cost as well as gets more access to high quality of care. This law creates Patient’s Bill of Rights that is very effective to protect consumers from any abuses or fraud from insurance company. Some preventive services are available to many Americans especially Medicare recipients at no cost. Not just that, they also receive a special offer of 50 percent discount for any well-known drugs in the market place under Medicare named “donut hole.” The Affordable Care Act helps other organizations and programs to convince healthcare providers
There are many ethical issues in the healthcare field. These issues range from insurance coverage, senior care, childhood immunizations, beneficence, abortion, medicinal marijuana, honesty and medical research (Fritzsche, D., 2004). Today we will discuss the ethical concerns in only one aspect of heath care and that topic is research (Benatar, S., 2000). Medical research is necessary in order to make strides in health care, introduce new medications, to discover new symptoms and disorders and to test new treatment options for current medical problems. Students of medicine, universities and pharmaceutical companies conduct this research primarily. Much of this research is time consuming and costly, therefore obtaining funding is not
With the advancement of medical technology, new surgeries and medications are created every year that will extend the lives of patients. However, the ethical issue must be addressed: just because a procedure is available should it be utilized? Many medications and surgeries have serious side effects or consequences and it can be questioned whether the benefits outweigh the risks. The American Nurses Association lists the ethical principles of medicine and nursing as autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, fidelity, justice and paternalism (ANA, 2017). In the case of this patient, beneficence, which means taking positive action to help others, and nonmaleficence, meaning the avoidance of harm, can be ethical dilemmas that must be addressed.
Moral Implications and Dilemmas Relating to Contemporary Health Care: To analyze the moral implications as it relates to contemporary healthcare we need to look at the ethical dilemmas as well as the requirements for the organ transplant recipient. There are a couple of moral dilemmas that are presented when considering patients for transplants. One is, who decides, and two, who is the first to receive and organ should it be made available. The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) manages and directs the allocation and distribution of organs.
Ethical Codes are in use today by many organizations to clearly establish their values and provide a procedure if a code violation occurs. Medical ethics began as a professional code for physicians and has now expanded and includes a variety of health care professions and health care organizations. The growth of medical knowledge and technology have grown so have the concerns that ethical standards and issues facing our society today may be compromised or not appropriately addressed (Littleton et al., 2010).
McCormick (2013) defines the principle of respect for autonomy by stating that, “any notion of moral decision-making assumes that rational agents are involved in making informed and voluntary decisions” (McCormick, 2013). In health care, the patient has the right to make a decision regarding his or her health care. The patient is capable of making an autonomous choice based on a good understanding of the by seeking an informed and signed consent for health care treatment (Truog, 2017). The second principle of bioethics is nonmaleficence, which requires that no intentional harm or injury is done to the patient in relation to instruction and oversight (McCormick, 2013). Providing good nursing care interchangeably with the proper standard of
care. No patient is the same thereby making individual differences an issue. Each patient will have a different way of comprehending the agreements depending on his/her personality, educational level, emotional qualification, and cognitive status. A healthcare worker will know if comprehension is achieved if the patient is able to repeat the information that was given and be able to express the sufficiency of the data. It is the nurse's duty to report any misunderstanding that is observed in the patient, and if the patient shows signs of doubts in his/her capacity and ability to decide.
Policy makers face a tough challenge when analyzing and passing new healthcare Policies. While they need to have patient and individual human rights in mind, the also need to be aware that when it comes to extending life, costs can quickly spin out of control. Healthcare consumers today are a lot more educated and demanding of heal healthcare services. On one side it is good as it creates involvement and ownership of self and family members’ health. On the other hand, it is a hindrance as they are not completely aware of ramifications which can come with end of life treatments which may help extend life as is the case in the article from the Washington Post. The article asks about the possibility of extending a person’s life for four months, but it does not talk about any of the side effects that may present as a result of the treatment. When it comes to personal wellbeing and the wellbeing of those close to us we sometimes focus on extending life but tend to forget the quality of life which we are trying to extend. With the widespread involvement of the media consumers now days are very aware but not fully informed of the latest devices available. Once new devices are approved for use by insurance companies, specialists feel obligated in offering them to their patients. Patients most often want them even if they are not appropriate (Sharon Kaufman, 2011).
In the 21st century, the health workers to open their minds and realize rather understand the relationships in the market driven forces, financial compensation and the workforce in the healthcare department. The understanding in this context can be facilitated by clearly understanding the concepts of the ethical theory and the tenets of ethics distributive and general justice. They also are required to understand how financial compensations that are unfair can end up demoralizing them and further compromise their values professionally. Financial compensation health care delivery systems with ethical issues inclusive are interconnected because of the infinite property rather nature of resources. It can therefore be concluded that ethical methods necessary for allocation of funds and resources are required at the macro allocation, also referred to as groups allocation, and at the individual levels or in other words the micro allocation.
`Ethics' is defined as ."..the basis on which people...decide that certain actions are right or wrong and whether one ought to do something or has a right to something"(Rumbold, 1986). In relating `ethics' to nursing care, "Nursing decisions affect people... nurses have the power to good or harm to their patients" (Bandman et al, 2002). In this essay, the author will also identify the most important ethical principles and concepts of Evan's case, will outline the different stages of one's approach to ethical decision-making by utilising the "DECIDE Model for Ethical Decision-Making" founded by Thompson et al (2000) and will make a decision on the best course of action to take as a nurse in this
Before a health care organization implements an EMR system, they should have a security system in place, which includes “access control” component. Access control within an EMR system is controlled by distinct user roles and access levels, the enforcement of strong login passwords, severe user verification/authorization and user inactivity locks. Health care of professionals regardless of their level, each have specific permissions for accessing data. Even though the organization have the right security system in place to prevent unauthorized users from access patient records, autonomous patients will expect to have access to his or her records with ease. Access their record will ensure that their information is correct and safe.