Ethical Subjectivism: Mid-20th Century

Loretta Kopelman’s dissertation, Female Genital Circumcision and Conventionalists Ethical Relativism, takes a new approach in a global plight. Kopelman begins her thesis by elaborating on a particular tribe in southern Kenya. She describes how young girls are being mutilated for marriageability. Their fathers, eager for large dowries, perform the ritual on girls as young as nine. While some victims are able to escape and seek sanctuary, this obviously isn’t always possible and thus these girls must live with an inflicted deformity their whole life that doesn’t only cause serious health complications but sometimes even death.

Business ethics and values have developed through time and crosswise over orders into a field, which is a standout amongst the most vital subjects in the field of business. For the authentic improvement of business morals, it is vital, to begin with, a meaning of business ethics and values in a worldwide setting (Savage, 2005). The study characterize business ethics and values from an administrative viewpoint as choices about what is correct or wrong (worthy or unsuitable) in the authoritative setting of arranging and actualizing business exercises in a worldwide business condition to profit (Child, 2015). The development

It was founded by Jeremy Bentham, later developed by James Mill and perfected by his son John Stuart Mill (Rachels 13). It is called the principle of utility. It is a democratic principle of

The realization that our approval of ethical views can change may seem like a threat to subjectivism, but it is not. When my knowledge and experience regarding an ethical view changes, I enter a state of contemplation regarding that particular ethical view. By “state of contemplation”, I mean a state in which I do not know whether I agree or disagree with the ethical view in question. Remember that in subjectivism, the ethical views I agree with are the morally right views (Shafer-Landau, 296). When I am in a state of contemplation, I no longer know what is morally right because I no longer know what view best aligns with my knowledge and experience. Subjectivism can allow for states of contemplation because they are states in which we have suspended judgement of what is morally right.

The life of prisoners some may never know. There are those who care not to know what goes on behind that wired fence. We find that some people that are convicted of crimes that they did not commit. Some people would rather turn their heads to what actually happens in a prison institution, because they feel it is no concern of theirs. Innocent women and men face a disaster in life when they find their selves incarcerated in such facility as these. The treatment in prison facilities toward prisoners with health issues or those who develop health concerns that

There are many things in this world that many people have very strong opinions on, such as same-sex marriage, abortion, and gun control. People have these opinions and they think that the opinions that they hold are right. Ethical subjectivism states have everyone has different opinions, but there are no “facts” when morality is involved. As a result, no one is “right.” For example, in the book Matt Foreman approves of being gay while Michele Bachmann disapprove of being gay. When it is put like this, the two people who have completely different options on people being gay cannot argue that the other person accepts or does not accept people being gay according to Subjectivism. This is what the authors of the book were trying to get say is that subjectivism is flawed.

Subjectivism clenches that there are no objective ethical properties and that ethical statements are in fact arbitrary because they do not express unchangeable truths. Instead, moral declarations are made true or false by the attitudes or conventions of the spectators, and any ethical sentence just implies an attitude, opinion, personal preference or feeling held by someone. Thus, for a statement to be considered morally right hardly means that it is met with a green light by the person of interest. Another way of examine this is that judgments about human conduct are form by, and in many ways restricted to, perception or cultural believes.

1. In the article Ethical Relativism, the authors give a quick overview of what ethical relativism is by defining what it is and what its problems and successes are. One thing that is helpful for analyzing ethical systems is looking at the system through the lense of different ethical situations. Since this article lacks this feature, we will be looking at the definition of ethical relativism in the case of Slavery to help show the problems that occur with this system. We will begin by summarizing what is being said in the article and then lead into an analyzation of this situation using this system.

Initially, Ethical Subjectivism can be misinterpreted and these misinterpretations come when people state ethical sentences. Meaning ethical sentences only express propositions. For example, one may say “Marijuana is not bad for you.” What kind of statement is s/he making? Is s/he saying something that is corresponding to “squares have four corners” or “the earth is round”? Or is s/he just stating their opinion? It is the quintessence of Subjectivism that moral assertions are terminologies

Understanding the different situations that we must face daily is one of the main goals in our lives. Aware or not of that goal, we constantly find ourselves trying to figure out what is happening around us and why people say or act in certain ways. The Homo sapiens possess an extraordinary level of cognition as a mean to understand reality. Ethical Objectivism also called Moral Realism is a theory that holds as its principle that we as individuals must think objectively to be able to analyze any situation rationally. This theory somehow leads to egoism because morality directly benefits our self-interests . If we keep in mind all the great things modern human has been able to accomplish so far its because the capacity of working together

If ethical truths are determined by one’s opinions or cultural ideal, then would it not be impossible for one’s ethical opinions or cultural ideals to ever be wrong? In terms of ethical relativism, the moral views of all individuals or all cultures are all equally good and therefore nothing can be intrinsically valuable, as they are all the same. Things are valuable only because we accept them as such. If there is no way for us to be wrong, then there is no value in being right, as everything is right. If ethical relativism is true, then in this case, moral progress is impossible. Moral views can change but cannot improve with this thought process. Thus, if what everyone is doing right now is right, relative to their own culture, then there’s never any reason to change anything.

3. Ethical subjectivism makes us morally infallible by making morality “in the eye of the beholder,” which pretty much would lead us to believe that every individual is morally right. But this is simply cannot be true since that would mean that an individual’s thinking could be based off bias, prejudice, ignorance, etc. and still not be mistaken.

Ethical Relativism What is right and wrong is a widely opinionated discrepancy among the human race. It varies between cultures, societies, religion, traditions, and endless influential factors. Ethical relativism is described by John Ladd as the “doctrine that the moral rightness and wrongness of actions varies from society and that there are no absolute universal moral standards binding on all men at all times. Accordingly, it holds that whether or not it is right for an individual to act in a certain way depends on or is relative to the society to which he belongs”(Pojman, 24).

No two people are the same, and they will never be the same. Even twins have different ways of viewing things. This is the same for people ethical views, according the The Merriam-Websters Dictionary (2015) the definitions for ethics is “The rules of behavior based on ideas about what is morally good and bad.” Knowing what is morally right or wrong especially in the business world can help prevent scandals or corrupt business practices. But in today society, ethics can be blurred through situations and personal views, now it seems as though people aren’t even thinking about what is ethical but more so what can benefit them. Within recent months, news of FIFA allowing bribes to be accepted from certain people has managed to corrupted a billion dollar business and affected their corporation along with allowing the world to see their ethical views. In this paper I will be talking about whether or not this a topical of ethical views, is this a common situation with management and if it affected international business.

Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor’s wife. ⟺ I don’t want to be stolen from.