Ethics In Computer Ethics

Ethical computer use policy contains general principles to guide computer user behavior: True or False

A “moral operating system” is essentially a formulated structure that would be implemented to influence individual and group decision-making about how to develop and use technology. The government has the capability to gather large amounts of information from people simply based on their Internet habits and patterns. This information is usually used with the knowledge and consent of these users. The overall idea behind the moral operating system is to think about how that technology and information should be used.

The consideration of computer ethics fundamentally emerged with the birth of computers. There was concern right away that computers would be used inappropriately to the detriment of society, or that they would replace humans in many jobs, resulting in widespread job loss. To grasp fully the issues involved with computer ethics, it is important to consider the history. Cyber fraud which I

Over the last several years, the issue of IT ethics has been increasingly brought to the forefront. This is because of transformations occurring through rapid advancements and the way various applications are utilized. To fully understand what is taking place requires conducting an annotated bibliography on the subject and the impact it is having on these standards. These findings will highlight the overall scope of the challenges and the long term effects they are having on stakeholders.

The advances made in information technologies are causing an increasing number of ethical problems. The power used to processing computers doubles about every two years. Organizations are more dependent than ever before on their information systems. The Ethical problems arising from the appropriate use of customer information, personal privacy, and the protection of intellectual property have lead to increased laws to regulate the way data is collected. There are also privacy issues involved collecting, storing, and disseminating information about individuals.

In the short time that computers and internet have existed in the modern era, the world has seen a complete 360 degree turn and in the various forms of electronic entertainment that people all over the world are now using. In the days before CD’s, DVD’s and the internet, not much was said if a vinyl album (remember these?), VHS cassette (or these?) or an audio cassette was loaned to a friend for their listening / viewing pleasure, but today with the availability of sending an email with three or four megabytes (mb) of information, one can enjoy a borrowed song but is assumed that it is piracy or stealing. Is this a fair assumption? This Author will not give

Technology is changing the way the world does a number of things from communicating with others to how people work and shop. With the rapid growth of technology the way people act has changed from the way some people accustomed too. People around the world have different views on how an individual should act and if that action is morally correct. Views depend on the person doing the action or even the one watching the action to decide if they think it is morally correct. Ethics is the “study of what constitutes right or wrong behavior” (Miller, R. Cross, F. Jentz, G. 2008). There are several ethical theories created by various individuals through the years. In this paper, I will select what I consider the closest ethical theory I relate to.

Following the terrorist attacks on September of 2001, President George W. Bush signed into law The USA PATRIOT Act. Intended to enhance law enforcement investigatory tools, The Patriot Act made changes to surveillance laws that enabled the U.S government to collect computer information about both American and foreign citizens in unprecedented ways. During the following years, through a series of legislative changes and court decisions, The United States National Security Agency was gradually granted the authority to collect information on a massive scale by implementing programs such as PRISM, which collects internet communications from at least nine major US internet companies such as Google, Facebook Yahoo and Apple ; XKEYSCORE, which gave the NSA the ability to secretly access databases containing emails, online chats and the browsing histories of millions of individuals; MYSTIC, which allows them to collect the metadata as well as the content of phone calls from several entire countries, as well as many other programs with similar mass surveillance capabilities . To put it in simple terms, together this programs essentially enables almost unlimited warrantless surveillance of anyone and everyone anywhere in the world, regardless of that person nationality, affiliation or lack thereof to any criminal or terrorist group.

Prior to the age of technology, ethics include the moral decisions made by individuals relative to the social and the acceptable norms of the time. Ethics, more specifically, computer ethics have developed due to advancements of IT. Information technologies were initially established as reliable means of communication and exchanging information in an efficient and effective manner; but they have intertwined into various aspects of our society and become so much more. These technologies have created a place to discover friendships, find love, socially gather and, etc.

Chapter eight of Ethics and Technology: Controversies, Questions, and Strategies for Ethical Computing by Herman T. Tavani is about intellectual property disputes. Tavani defines intellectual property as an intangible form of property that is protected by a system of laws through which authors and inventors are given ownership rights over their creative works and inventions. There are four legal frameworks for protecting intellectual property. The first of these is copyright laws. Copyright laws protect authors. An author can also be an individual or an entity such as an organization or corporation. The first United States copyright law was created in 1790 and protected books, maps, and charts. As newer forms of media were developed, copy right protection has extended to them also. In 1980 copyright laws were amended to include computers, programs and databases that exhibit authorship. In order for something to be protected with copyright laws it must be original, nonfunctional, and also fixed in a tangible medium. The second legal framework is patents which protects individuals who create an invention or process. Patent laws require that inventions be useful, novel, and nonobvious. The third legal framework is trademarks. A trademark is a word, name, phrase or symbol that identifies a product or service. To qualify for a trademark the mark should be distinctive. The last legal framework for protection is a trade secret. A trade secret is highly valuable

Computer ethics are set of a good ethical principle that control the usage of computers. One of the basic ethic missed by numerous among computer ethics is violation of copyright issues. Plagiarism is one of the significant types of academic dishonesty which has always existed in education. For example, assignments submitted by students may turn out to be copied from associate students or could be taken over, in part or in whole, from existing published works. Also, break copyright and software theft. For example, throughout the society, it is well known that the illegal copying of copyrighted media (texts, music works, movies and software programs) is widespread. Furthermore, many people who engage in such activity do not consider themselves to be doing something that is immoral. Therefore, students and staff may have authorized access to computer resources, but then go on to use these resources improperly. They may have a school/library Internet account, or they may use computer system or computer network or computer software that is owned by the school, or they may use computerized services given by the school, and do too in a way that does not meet the school’s standards for proper use of that particular

Some of the issues that I would like to explore in this paper, are the intersection of information laws, and how they intersect with the ethical standards, and the actual practice. Since computers and technologies grow extremely fast, the laws are unable to govern new developments in the field. Therefor those that develop these systems and programs have an ethical imperative to, analysis the impact that these systems could have on others. When new technologies and standards are created, one must look at the effect of the technology, and the possible ways that someone could maliciously obtain, or misuse data.

Cyberethics consists of the moral, legal and social issues that involve technology used over the internet. It assesses the social policies and laws that we formulate with response to issues created by the development and use of cyber technology. The code of ethics for the cyber technology world is mainly related to issues such as:

Computer-systems have made decision making easier in a work environment. Nowadays, wherever we go, we have self- checkout options, tap on the card, computer systems for billings computers systems for taking orders etc. However, there are certain tasks for a corporate that a program cannot cover which are related to ethical concerns of the information systems. Human intelligence is something that a computer lacks in and cannot totally programmed, which makes decision making tough. Technology doesn’t have any value for emotions and values like a human until it’s given a value in coding. There is a possibility of an intentional or accidental bias taking place in the process of making a decision. Therefore, intelligence systems should be used only till the capacity of advising and not for a legal and ethical conduct.

IT Professional is a publication (Keith W. Miller 2009), it is such like book publication, it also has copyright problem, plagiarism problem, and many problems like book publication, so, to be the Professionals, they must act like the book authors to solve these problems. In aspects of IT, the side of ethical problems are including advice on how professionals can recognize, analyze, and make judgments on challenging questions about right, wrong, and computing. Computers have become essential tools of modern humans, regardless life, entertainment, education, work, and business are related with computer. Computer impact on human society very much. So knowing the Information Technology Ethics is very important to everyone, because it is useful to everyone who lives in this