Ethics Is A Theory Of Proper Moral Conduct

Relativism is the concept which show that there is no absolute truth in morality, only the truth that particular individual or cultures happen to believe. In other words, the definition of moral depends on a person’s culture, society or his or her group of people. If you believe in relativism, then you think different people can have different views about the question: what is moral and immoral? Likewise, everyone have to choose upon his or her ethics because there are no absolutes. There are two types of relativism: cultural relativism and individual relativism. Cultural relativism stated that an action is right if that action consistent with the current, collective, cultural, consensus and the prevailing opinion of society. Cultural is the highest standard, and there is even no such thing is human rights if this theory is right. Cultural relativism is sometimes inappropriate in many aspects of our lives; for example: food, clothes or driving rules are not of the same kind within cultures. Similarly, individual relativism is when one person decides their own ethics; for example : if one person has a father and one day that person hear the new that that person’s dad die, he or she has to come to his or her dad’s funeral because that person think or know that is the right thing to do. Either way, cultural and individual relativism are both considered as moral beings. In general, they have to suffer the same problems. The first one is logical problem.

Let's start off with moral relativism, This is the belief that that there is no right or wrong answer to anything. This being said, you can still have your own views on different subjects and or beliefs, but you will not force those views/opinions upon anyone. This is because it would go against moral relativism in that you are not going to force your views upon another individual. Moral relativism opens up a whole new world of perspective, this is good because if we had no moral relativism the whole world would go into chaos because we would see the world as if we were one of the men in the cave in the story of “Plato’s Allegory “ The men in This story only saw the shadows from a fire, only showing them a false reality about the world they

Moral relativism explains plenty of cultural differences. It allows different societies to have different standards of rightness and validates them. John Ladd details, “[as a result,] whether or not it is right for individuals to act a certain way depends on the society to which they belong” (31). He concludes that there is no absolute or universal moral standard by which all men abide by. By combining the diversity thesis (each culture is different) and the dependency thesis (people act differently dependent of

There are two branches to ethical relativism that help individuals better understand this theory. “Cultural relativism claims that the correct moral standards are relative to cultures or societies; ethical subjectivism claims that the correct moral standards are those endorsed by an individual” (Shafer-Landau 293). For example, when analyzing fairness and how to handle someone who has wronged you there are multiple ways. A strong Christian would try to forgive, pray for the person, and love them unconditionally. However, someone from a strong Islamic background might think “an eye for an eye”. This example helps show how a relativist would view the varying opinions when it comes to how to properly handle certain situations. Moral principles vary depending on the individual and culture. There are no definite moral truths. “Both cultural relativism and ethical subjectivism are popular ways of challenging the idea that morality is objective” (Shafer-Landau

Ethical Relativism in ethics is the belief that nothing is objectively right or wrong and that the definition of right or wrong depends on the prevailing view of a particular individual culture or historical period (www.dictionary.com). Ethical Relativism in the prescriptive view is: 1. Different groups of people ought to have different ethical standards for evaluating acts of right or wrong. 2. These different beliefs are true in their respective societies and 3. These different beliefs are not instances of a basic moral principle (philosophy.lander.edu). There have also been some criticisms of ethical relativism. Some people have had a numeral of complaints against this. The point that ethical relativism is correct it would mean that even the most ridiculous practices such as slavery and abuse of women would be “right” if they were looked at by the standards of society. Relativism would deprive people of means of rising morals objectives against bad social customs provided they are approved by ways of the society. Critics also say that it depends on what sorts of differences of social networks are at issues. It may seem like a good policy where benign differences between cultures are concerned. Critics also say that disagreements about ethics do not mean that there cannot be truth. They also state that there is no positive way to judge a society’s practice from the outside.

The theory of cultural moral relativism is based on the beliefs that it is arrogant to judge the moral codes of other cultures and that people should be tolerant towards the practices of other cultures (Rachels 19). By holding these beliefs, the theory implies that all cultures are equal and should be treated as such. Cultural moral relativism is also based on the idea that there is no universal truth in ethics (Rachels 18). If a certain standard exists in a society, that standard is right (at least in that society). The only way that a person can be right is if they follow the moral codes of the society that they are apart of (Rachels 22). Moral codes vary from culture to culture. Therefore, the metaphysical assumptions and metaethical implications of cultural moral relativism are that morality is relative and there is no such thing as objective moral facts.

James Rachels essay titled The Challenge of Cultural Relativism is more of a critique over what philosophers call Cultural Relativism. A theory in which states that there is no real sense of morality and that it is one’s own culture that makes up their own morality. A lot of people tend to reason things in the way that Cultural Relativists might, by saying things such as “Oh, well it’s what that culture does. It’s okay that they’re doing that” however, sometimes people think the opposite “No, it doesn’t matter. It is just wrong” depending on the case. That’s the thing with Cultural Relativism, making things appear to be either helpful for some and harmful to others. And so, what Rachels ultimately states in his argument that although

Throughout the last few weeks of class, we have discussed many different theories of ethics by many different philosophers. We have examined these theories by looking at different examples of how someone who believes in a specific theory would respond to the situation. I have come to the conclusion after closely examining each theory of ethics that virtue ethics presented by Rosalind Hursthouse is closest to correct. Even though virtue ethics has a few flaws that I believe need to be revised, this theory is closest to what I believe is correct. This theory is well structured and has fewer controversies than the other theories we have looked at because this theory deals with wider questions like, how should I live my life, instead of narrow questions like, how should I respond to this situation. In many other theories, we are given a specific, often unlikely situation, and given a specific way to respond to that situation. In my life I have always learned many important values from role models like my mom and dad. These people are considered virtuous people to me because I have learned right from wrong from them my entire life. Learning how to act from another person in real life situations better prepares me to make the right moral decisions in my own life. Overall, I believe that virtue ethics is the closets theory to correct because in virtue ethics, we are given a way to act and a role model to follow in order to make the right moral decision in all situations all of the

Ethics as its simplest means the system of moral principles. This affects how people make their decision and how they lead their lives. Ethics also deals with ideas about what are morally good and bad, right and wrong actions of human, virtuous and non-virtuous features of people in the world. (Dictionary.com).

To begin with, ethical relativism is the belief that right and wrong vary from one society to another and from one

Cultural relativism is a theory relating to the morality concept of right and wrong within each society, not to the world as a whole. Ethics is the difference between right and wrong, good and bad, etc., how it relates to human behaviour, how we should act in the process, and deemed universal. Cultural relativism diverges from this “traditional” way of thinking, of just and unjust, in that morals, ethics, or values, are not the same for everyone; it is dependent on where

Rachel and Prinz both define Cultural Relativism as the notion that two separate cultures may place into practice completely different moral principles and will both remain morally correct for doing so. They both go further and agree that no set of morals are inherently greater than any others and that there is no objective moral high ground to begin with because no society should impose its judgement on another.

Ethics can be a simple concept when first introduced, but as you go deeper into the understanding of what is ethics and how to be ethical it becomes more complex than one would assume by reading a single definition. In our modern world, there are plenty of people who manage to stay ethical, but as we go further into the future more and more individuals lose that glimmer of morality that was once upon them. The actual definition of ethics is a system of moral principles. Meaning that a characteristic that shows through the decisions we make everyday. In relation to the concept we all go by which is choosing between right or wrong and success or failure. Some may argue and use morals interchangeably and disagree on whether to stay ethical is inherently found through spiritual principles or just a philosophy of morals. There are plenty of ways one can stay ethical throughout their life despite the temptation of doing the wrong thing to get further ahead whether that’d be success or popularity.

Ethical Relativism is the moral theory that there are no absolute standards of Ethics. It looks at notions of right or wrong as dependent upon an individual’s interpretations, this is subjectivism, which regards morality as personal resolutions. Ethical Relativism contends that morals are also culturally based. Conventionalism, is the notion that morals are given value only within the context of social expectations. The Diversity Thesis depends on the Anthropological fact that different societies have differing moral codes. Furthermore, moralities are fluctuate as societies and people evolve. Therefore, in Ethical Relativism, there are no universally valid moral standards and all ethical principles are measured to be equally acceptable, as there are no moral principles that apply to all people at all times.

Originating from the Ancient Greek word ‘ethikos’ deriving itself from ‘ethos’ meaning ‘belief’, ‘customs’, ‘habits’, the concept of ethics determines good and/or bad practices and essentially refers to a code of conduct or a set of moral principles and standards governing a group or an individual’s behaviour and/or activity.