Ethics in Public Health Essay

The term Human Immunodeficiency Virus is commonly known as (HIV), which is a virus that attacks the immune system of humans by destroying the amount of CD4 cells in their bodies. Without CD4 the human body is unable to fight against diseases, which can lead to Acquired Immune deficiency syndrome known as AIDS for short. The first case of the HIV/AIDS virus in the U.S. occurred in the early 1980’s. The first spark of the virus was found in San Francisco with couple of homosexual Caucasian American males. Today African Americans account for the largest proportion of HIV and AIDS in this country, represent approximately 13% of the U.S. population, but accounted for an estimated 44% of new HIV infections in 2010(the last year a study was

Human Immunodeficiency Virus is HIV that develops into AIDS, which is Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. This virus starts to break down white blood cells, as a result the immune system starts to deteriorate and our greatest shield cannot fight any longer (Mayo Clinic, 2016). The CDC (2015) states, that over 1.2 million people live with HIV in the United States and most who are infected are oblivious of their disease. Healthy people 2020 has declared HIV a public health crisis in the United States, and continues to sweep the nation with more than 500,000 new cases each year (HealthyPeople2020,2016).

This report will be analysing the policies and legislations guiding the service user and the organisation caring for them. The importance of ethics in social care will also be explained .the case study will be discussed using the policies and legislations provided by the government.

Scenario: You are working in an organisation responsible for providing care (allied health service, caring for children or the elderly). During the course of your work you become aware that one of your colleagues is breaching the duty of care policy in your work place. What do you do?

Before a health care organization implements an EMR system, they should have a security system in place, which includes “access control” component. Access control within an EMR system is controlled by distinct user roles and access levels, the enforcement of strong login passwords, severe user verification/authorization and user inactivity locks. Health care of professionals regardless of their level, each have specific permissions for accessing data. Even though the organization have the right security system in place to prevent unauthorized users from access patient records, autonomous patients will expect to have access to his or her records with ease. Access their record will ensure that their information is correct and safe.

During this session, issues relating to disclosure of HIV test result and ancillary finding of genetic testing, as well as the case about release of test result to a patient against his family’s wishes, were discussed. Walking through the series of questions that we could ask ourselves to determine if withholding of information is appropriate was very helpful. It was agreed that checking all the boxes does not mean that withholding information is justified; rather, it is a way to build a stronger argument for the case.

6. HIV- Prevention in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and related illness including death is a goal of Healthy People 2020. With the continual spread of HIV, it is important to continue educating the public on the preventions, and do away with the stigma, especially in those who are affected by HIV.

The practice of public health consulting raises ethical issues needed to protect the data and information collected from the population. Therefore, one legal issue is relevant to who take ownership of the DHEO data collected when various entities have supported and financially contributed to the implementation of the campaign. It is questionable to know does financial contribution link with the sharing of personal content from the data collected. This question leads to the second issue revolving around ethical issue needed to protect the DHOH individual's rights to confidentialities. In terms of data sharing with the various entities need not to violate the legal liability standing of participants' rights to privacy known as Health Insurance

Everyone hopes to have a normal pregnancy without any complications during delivery. Unfortunately, problems may arise forcing the mother to undergo an emergency cesarean section. To many parents this is a scary situation, but they understand the necessity for the surgery. In fact, most women would do anything to save the life of their fetus, they would even go as far as to say if it comes down to their life over the fetus to save the baby. However, what if there were extenuating circumstances where one does not consent to the procedure? No matter how much you stress to the parents that without this procedure both the mother and baby’s life could be lost, the family still refuses. Do you listen to the family and do what is legal or do you follow what you believe to be the ethical thing and take her to the operating room to perform a cesarean section?

In public health, as in many fields there are a set of conundrums that practitioners, leaders and law makers have to address in order to provide the most appropriate service to their populations. One of these conundrums is the battle between what is good for the community vs. what is good for the individual. This topic will be broken up to the community vs. the individual, and discussed based on research done by Kass et al, and Oriola, and will be concluded by presenting possible solutions.

Having an effective ethics and compliance in health care training course for employees within a company is a positive effort to keep not only the company running strong and efficient, but also developing standards for other companies to follow who are trying to create a more applicable format for corporate regulations. According to federal guidelines, designated and regulated by the Office of Inspector General (OIG), a company in compliance to federal healthcare standards will have effective education of employees, investigation measures, discipline and enforcement measures, intervention of violation standards, strong internal audit standards, compliance officers and staff, and lastly, written company standards and policies that is freely available to all employees.

There are many ethical issues in the healthcare field. These issues range from insurance coverage, senior care, childhood immunizations, beneficence, abortion, medicinal marijuana, honesty and medical research (Fritzsche, D., 2004). Today we will discuss the ethical concerns in only one aspect of heath care and that topic is research (Benatar, S., 2000). Medical research is necessary in order to make strides in health care, introduce new medications, to discover new symptoms and disorders and to test new treatment options for current medical problems. Students of medicine, universities and pharmaceutical companies conduct this research primarily. Much of this research is time consuming and costly, therefore obtaining funding is not

Three center worries every now and again emerge toward those developmental phases about public-health approach development: prevention, responsibility, and social Equity. How a frameworks approach should ethics What's more state funded wellbeing might improve the force of existing frameworks should manage these concerns, a purpose should make illustrated previously, our case investigations. The center mission of open wellbeing as a calling will be will Push the wellbeing of populaces Toward distinguishing danger figures for disease, disability, damage What's more passing Also Toward actualizing measures to decrease people’s presentation on these danger figures.14 the haul “prevention” captures those fundamental concern on interceding efficiently

Ethical Codes are in use today by many organizations to clearly establish their values and provide a procedure if a code violation occurs. Medical ethics began as a professional code for physicians and has now expanded and includes a variety of health care professions and health care organizations. The growth of medical knowledge and technology have grown so have the concerns that ethical standards and issues facing our society today may be compromised or not appropriately addressed (Littleton et al., 2010).

Yeo (2010) point out that the possibility to retain some information from patients has been ordered for long in Australian law, as in other countries for the benefit of the patient. This has now been combined with the greater autonomy acknowledged to the patient in many jurisdictions. Although a clinical approach reveals that loyalty should guide the patient-physician relationship, there are still some situations in which information consent and truth telling may be controversial: in some circumstances, the physician should or may not tell the truth. The case at hand poses a dilemma regarding the right to know (Cherry & Jacob 2008).