Etruscans: A Monarchy In Ancient Rome

Julius Caesar was among the most powerful Roman dictator in ancient Roman Empire. Caesar was becoming powerful and popular that he was the ancient Roman citizen’s conqueror. His unique leadership became his way forward to consulship in 59 B.C. and ultimately a powerful ruler. His power became a fear for Roman ruling class. His power controlled the three important areas in Roman’s life: the military, religion, and politics. His power allowed him to establish a rule to control Rome. In 46 B.C, Caesar secured his office to become a dictator for ten years, which many prominent ruling class was zealously hated him. His dictatorship secured his position as a ruler. Julius Caesar wanted the shift and improved the life of Romans; even so, he needs the blessing of the Senate to pass his laws. The Roman Senate could block the passing of laws which would aid the Roman state. But, Caesar was found not to be manipulated by the Senate. He increased the number of senators to nine hundred to fill vacant positions. He selected senators for a variety of places and positions. The new appointed senators outnumbered the old senate position, mostly supporters of Caesar. Ceasar’s rule was instrumental in reforming and transforming Roman empire. He improved the Roman calendar, and re-arranged the local form of government. He then

Julius Caesar was a popular dictator of the Roman Republic. He was a successful leader of the military who grew the republic into parts of Spain, Germany, France, Belgium, and Switzerland. He was also well known for writing about his travels, theories, and political views. Alongside Caesar was the Senate, a group of politicians who were not elected and helped shape the government and Roman policy. They resented Caesar’s increasing power and popularity. They called themselves the “Liberators” and invited Caesar to a sporting event where they stabbed him to death 23 times. The Liberators who killed Caesar initially thought they were saving the Roman Republic, but instead, the majority of the Roman public ended up hating them and a long civil war ensued. The conflict arose between Caesar’s adopted son, Octavian, and his general, Marc Antony, with the help of Cleopatra. The winner of the war would gain ultimate control over Rome. The civil war ended when Octavian seized the weak Roman Republic. He went on to rule Rome as its first emperor under the title Caesar

Gaius Octavius Thurinus, also known as Augustus, was the first Emperor and founder of the Roman Empire ruling from 27 B.C.E. until his death in 14 C.E. He succeeded Julius Caesar after his death in 44 B.C.E. and changed Rome from a Republic to an Empire. Quite arguably Augustus was one of the greatest Roman rulers in history. He was responsible for changing the structure of government by controlling elections and saw to it that promising young men, whatever their origin, served the state as administrators and provincial Governors.

Octavian, the heir to Rome’s previous leader Julius Caesar, was given the title of Augustus, meaning “Revered One” in 27 B.C. He took power of Rome in 43 B.C and formed the Second Triumvirate which consisted of Marc Antony, Lepidus, and himself. Octavian and Marc Antony quickly shut Lepidus out of power and then later had a civil war over control of Rome which Octavian won. Octavian was humble and generous to the Roman citizens, he kept peace, and restored damages in Rome. Due to his effective leadership qualities, Octavian earned his new title of Augustus.

Even though he was extremely unpopular, being in possession of the wealth he was, he was able to buy his way through the senate to the height of power. Caesar had majestically rose to power, partaking in every major position there was, using his political ingenious in his attempt to gain full control of Rome. After Crassus had died in battle, and Caesars’ army defeated and killed Pompey, he was quick to mop up all his opposition from the senate and the oligarchs across the Mediterranean and throughout Rome, in his first step to his dictatorship, his dictatorship being the final step to the republics decline. After defeating all of his enemies, Julius Caesar was granted a 10-year dictatorship for purposes of restoring the republic, similar to the title that Sulla had granted himself many years previous. However he constituted himself as the Divine King or Ruler of Rome, essentially a REX, yet as said before, since the founding of the Republic, the Romans prided themselves on freedom from the Etruscan King, and just the term ‘King’ went against the republic mentality. Eventually killed in plot involving over 60 senators, the death of Caesar concluded the decline of the Republic.

To begin, the Senate made Julius Ceasar the Dictator after he and his army defeated Ponpey the Great. The most significant contribution Ceasar was responsible for was winning this civil war paving the way for the Roman Republic to become an empire. However, Ceasar was assassinated one year into his dictatorship by Marcus Brutus. After Julius Ceasar’s death, Ceasar Augustus (formally known as Octavious) took over leadership. He eventually would become the first emperor of the new Roman Empire. The most significant contribution Ceasar Augustus was responsible for was ending one hundred years of civil war and attained over forty years of armistice and opulence. This time was known as Pax Romana

Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian hereinafter referred to “Augustus”, was given the title of imperium by age of 19, to gain this, he amassed a private army and marched on the Senate in Revenge for his adopted father’s murder. Augustus developed a peaceful and cultural Ancient Rome . In contrast, both Caesar and Sulla before him, were appointed to dictator under the Lex Valeria (Valerian law) , both had ultimate goals of monarchy, but where Caesar, used the people to ascertain if this would be accepted , Sulla ruled with an iron fist.

Julius Caesar's reign was an unfavorable and chaotic period for Rome, and after his death, a large portion of the empire was handed down to his adopted son, Gaius Octavian. From the ashes of his father, Octavian was able to build an Empire unparalleled. Later, the name Augustus was given to him by Senate. Augustus ostensibly maintained the form of the Roman Republic while in actuality creating the Roman Empire. He introduced the administrative reforms that led to the Pax Romana with its flourishing of trade and the arts. Although Augustus's ascension to power could have not been without it bequested by Julius, it was his use of art and propaganda that reinforced the legitimacy his position.

Financial services differ greatly depending upon where you are at. Different countries have different currencies, markets, laws, and accounting practices to list a few. Because of this most financial institutions use a similar organizational structure. Goldman Sachs breaks their operations into four segments: Institutional client services, investment management, investment banking, and investment and lending (GS).

     Upon the defeat and death of Antony, Octavian proclaimed the restoration of the Republic of Rome. However, he had no intention of stepping down as leader. In 27 BC Octavian placed the republic at the disposal of the Senate and the Roman people. Octavian’s position was now legitimized by the Senate’s request that he command and lead Rome. He was given the military command, known as Imperium for ten years. This office included the administration of Roman provinces that required the presence of the army. The official name of Octavian became Imperator Caesar Augustus From that time would be known as Augustus, which means “the Exalted”.

Julius Caesar, a man born in around 12 to 13, 100 BC, was considered the start of a new legacy in the history of Rome. Participating in several wars, becoming dictator after forming multiple military alliances, to being assassinated on the Ides of March, Julius Caesar was a politically-flexible, popular leader of the Roman Empire. (Julius Caesar Biography, April 23, 2014) Although Caesar’s birth was never confirmed on the exact date, he was born and raised by his mother, Aurelia, and by his father, Gaius Julius Caesar. (Julius Caesar: Historical Background, April 23, 2014)

The Romans overthrew the Etruscans in 509 B.C.E. The Etruscans had ruled over the Romans for hundreds of years. Once free, the Romans established a republic, a government in which citizens elected representatives to rule on their behalf. The highest positions in the government were held by two consuls who

The Roman Republic was a “democratic” republic, which allowed first citizens to vote, and to choose their governors in the senate (Hence, their consuls). However, it was a nation ruled by its aristocracy, and, consequently, the entire Republic`s power was concentrated in a few individuals. Furthermore, the Senate was controlled by Patricians, which directed the government by using wealth to buy control and power over the decisions of the senate and the consuls. This situation aroused the inconformity of the people; as result, a civil war took place in the Republic (destroying it), and then the Roman Empire was born.

Despite the fear of nuclear disasters and proliferation of nuclear weapons, the 435 nuclear power reactors around the world produce approximately 16 percent of the world’s electricity and 19 percent of electricity in the United States (WIT, 2013). In a world increasingly affected by global warming, with increasing energy consumption, it is important to acknowledge that nuclear power is a safe, clean, reliable, and sustainable source of energy, unlike our presumptions. This paper analyzes potential risks and benefits of nuclear power as a fuel source and why the United States should continue nuclear power production.

The Death penalty can be a touchy subject for many people. Capital punishment or the death penalty, is a government sanctioned practice whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime. There are a variety of issues that come with the death penalty like cost and whether or not it is humane. As of recent the Florida Supreme Court declared the death penalty unconstitutional.