Eukaryotic Cells And Its Functions

The function of a nucleus is that it controls nearly all the activities that is taken place in the body. The function of the nucleus is to help control all the activities inside the cell. Also the nucleus controls the cells growth and reproduction. Chromosomes Chromosomes are long threads of DNA and protein seen in a dividing cell. They contain the genetic material or genes.

Essentially, the nucleus is vital for the cell’s survival. The nucleus controls and gives instructions to all organelles and inhabitants of the cell(Doc. 2). It is a dense, ball shaped configuration that contains the DNA of the cell.

There are three differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. They include membrane-bound organelles, presence of a nucleus, and being multicellular or unicellular.

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have similarities just like they have differences. They both are types of cells, use a cell membrane, contain ribosomes, and store DNA. Furthermore, they differ in size, where they store their genetic material, what kinds of organelles are found in each, the kind of DNA they have, and the makeup of their cell walls. All living organisms are important; however, what they are made from is just as

Nucleus – The nucleus is the largest organelle in the cell. It acts as the control system for almost all the activities of the cell. It stores the cell 's hereditary material, or DNA

There are two types of Endoplasmic Reticulum the Smooth ER and the Rough ER. you can distinguish that both of the ER’s are different to each other, this is shown in the diagram above that one is smooth ER and the other is rough ER the rough ER has ribsomes attracted to it while the smooth ER does not have ribosomes attached to it. The two ER’s have different function to each other.

Nearly all animal cells have a nucleus, with the only exception being the red blood cell. The nucleus has two major functions, which are housing the DNA and controlling the cell’s activities. In the centre of the nucleus is the nucleolus. This doesn’t have a membrane, but holds itself together. In the nucleolus, ribosomes are created through the mixture of RNA and proteins. These proteins are originally found in the cytoplasm, outside the nucleus, but they travel through the pores in the nuclear envelope, through the chromatin and into the nucleolus. The structure of the nucleolus allows easy

Inside the nucleus is the nucleolus which produces ribosomes. The ribosomes then transport out of the nucleolus and to the rough endoplasmic reticulum for a process called protein synthesis. (Plant Cell Anatomy, n.d.)

Well prokaryote is the name given to organisms that are made up from cells that lack a cell nucleus or cells that lack any membrane-encased organelles (a specialized subunit within a cell). In lamens terms, in prokaryotes, the DNA is not bound or held together inside a nucleus. Prokaryotes also only have a single loop DNA. Last but not least prokaryotes are divided into groups or domains but more about that in a minute.

Prokaryotes have no cell core and no layer encased organelles. Prokaryotic DNA can be found in a wound circle gliding in the cytoplasm in a district called the nucleoid (importance core like). As it were, the nucleoid is the range in a prokaryotic cell where DNA is found. Prokaryotes pack their DNA into a little space through a procedure called supercoiling. Supercoiling DNA permits it to be bundled effectively into the little cell.

When it comes to Biology there are two important types of cells. One type would be Eukaryotic cells and the second type would be bacterial cells. All cells have four common cell structures, for example, genetic material, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane. Eukaryotic and bacterial cells have five distinct structures with their unique functions. Eukaryotic cells are relatively larger than bacterial cells. Therefor, Eukaryotic cells have structures that have different functions compared to bacteria. Flagella, cell wall, plasma membrane, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and cytoplasm are structures that are common on both cell types but have a different function and location due to the size of the cells.

The cytoplasm is the area between the nucleus and the cell membrane. The cytoplasm contains many important structures. This area is basically the main place where you will find structures that help the cells stay alive.

The nucleus in eukaryotic cells contains the DNA in linear chromosomes and is bounded by a nuclear membrane, but since

The evolutionary benefit of a membrane-bound nucleus is that it allows for additional level of regulating gene expression. Eukaryotic cells can effectively control the rate of mRNA transport out of the nucleus for translation in the cytoplasm because membranes act as a barrier. Prokaryotes which only has a single membrane can only control the rate which DNA is transcribed by regulating activation of proteins needed for transcription/translation while eukaryotic cells can regulate gene expression in multiple and complex ways due to the compartmentalization of the nucleus with a membrane.

The cell structure of prokaryotic organisms is small, only about 1-10 microns in length, and they are also single celled. Prokaryotes contain circular DNA which is held in the nucleoid because they lack a nucleus. The specific organisms that have circular DNA are: mitochondrial, bacterial (eubacteria), and Archaea (Methanobacteria, Halobacteria, and sulfobacteria). Prokaryotes have no membrane-bound organelles because they have no organelles. Their ribosomal subunits are 50S and 30S which come to equal 70S, and their plasma membrane does not contain sterols. In prokaryotes, there is one large vacuole per cell which takes up 50-90% of cell and serves as a reservoir for water; this helps hold turgor pressure in plants. Prokaryotes also cannot go through endo- or exocytosis, and their cell wall is made of peptidoglycan.