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Eukaryotic Of Eukaryotic And Eukaryotic Genomes

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I. Introduction
Perhaps one of the first lessons one is taught about bacteria is that they constitute the prokaryotic domain of life, while humans and most other readily visible life forms are firmly rooted in the eukaryotic domain. These domains diverged many millions of years ago from a common ancestor and, while the eukaryotic branch later split into eukaryotic and archaeal domains, it maintained its separation from the prokaryotic domain (Woese et al., 1990). Prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes are naturally very distinct in both content and structure as a result of eons-long separation, and one tends to classify these domains as very distinct entities.
However, there is increasing evidence of so-called eukaryotic bacterial genes, or genes present in bacterial genomes that have some sort of eukaryotic origin or function. These eukaryotic bacterial genes are primarily of concern in determining virulence factors of human pathogens. As defined below, bacterial genes can be evolutionarily or functionally eukaryotic, or both. Presence of either type of gene would indicate some interaction between bacteria and eukaryotes, the most oft studied of which are pathogenic interactions. Discovering eukaryotic bacterial genes is particularly important in pathogens that secrete effectors to be taken up by host eukaryotic cells. These effectors tend to modulate host cell functions, so there would be some logic in these effectors being encoded by eukaryotic genes. Most research has been

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