Europe and the New World: New Encounters

People began to invest in trading, ships heading east and got a share of the

It analyzes the interaction between the Chinese, Indians, and Arabs. This chapter examines the trade situation before and after the European invaded. Around 1500, was the first time the trade began and it was one of the greatest generators of the economy. Therefore, it was really important for places like Asia, Africa, and Arabs to get access to the Indian Ocean.

With the inventions of more efficient ships and the perfection of navigational instruments, the Spanish (as well as England and France) gained a curiosity to explore and find a way to Asia by water and

1). The Nations of Europe sought to expand their empire because they were on the verge of overpopulation.Between 1550 and 1600 the population grew from three million to four million people. Also, England and Spain were at a war for power. The Spanish attempts at colonizing the New World had been extremely successful, for they had gained both wealth and power. The English did not see such success, as their ships would crash, be lost to the seas, or their colonization efforts would cease to be useful. Through the Spaniards control over the Americas they had gained a massive naval army, noted as the Spanish Armada. The Spanish attempt to invade England in 1588 failed which lead to the beginning of the fall of the Spanish empire in the New World.

After these events the Carthaginian Empire decided to use their Navy as one of the strategies to win the war. What they didn’t know is that the Romans had built many ships and armed them with a

Europe expanded across the Atlantic Ocean because they were geographically at an advantage. They had access to this new land the for the other places to get to it would either take too long or they would physically have to go through the European’s land to get there. They had this advantage and took it

21. In their attempt to control the spice trade in the Indian Ocean, the Europeans during the period between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries

many different ports for trading. This also helped the United States Navy, with all these

As early as the fifteenth century, Europeans began to become eager to discover the New World that was unknown to them. With the concerns of rapid population growth, commerce, new learning, and the rise of competing for nation states, they set out for new adventures and discovery. For a long time, Spain and Portugal were the only European powers with New World colonies.

- Because Spain and Portugal were rivals, they were always trying to out beat each other. Since the Portuguese set up trading posts in Africa first, other European countries started and later on Spain set up posts too. Because the Portuguese didn’t like taking water routes, it took them longer to get to India through land to get spices and jewels. While this was happening, the Spanish people became unified and seeing that they were now stronger, planned to outstrip their rivals of the Indian

Impacts of European expansion reached across the world and affected more than the expanding European powers and their colonies in the new world. Life in the world changed when these two cultures that were directly opposite of one another collided. Europe was filled with greed for resources and wealth, the Indigenous people living on these resources were living a simple sustainable life with next to no government or regulation. Once the new world was set up Europeans who ran these new territories called colonists today developed their own society and way of living and would end up revolting against the homeland.

Furthermore, this experience led to the discovery that the key to success is control over regions that produced valuable goods, since control over trade routes ultimately leads to their change.1 China with its warfare and seafaring technology never claimed to take control over the sea even after Zheng He’s voyages, since they had enough, if not more resources than everyone else, unlike Europe. The conclusive thought is that Europeans were poor, and in order for them to succeed in an otherwise rich world, force was the only option. The bias is therefore in the fact that Europeans had no

In the realm of economy, the Ottoman Empire faced challenges from the Portuguese who had established a cheaper trade route via the Cape of Good Hope and thus obtained the pepper monopoly. By the conquest of Egypt and the Levant in 1516-17, the Ottomans controlled the whole Red Sea and the one end of the Persian Gulf that were extremely advantageous for the spice trade. Giancarlo Casale introduced three main strategies—designating convoy of spice galleys to ship state-owned pepper, setting customized tax regime in different regions, and establishing imperial factors in overseas emporiums—that the Ottomans “experiment[ed] with to increase the total volume of the spice trade between the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean, and to maximiaze the

Throughout the 17th and 18th centuries, European countries such as France, Portugal, Britain and Spain, all have economic development due to the impact of many different mercantile policies. These policies simply are in place to allow trade to be prominent within nations so that the economic growth can flourish. Countries try to gain economic power through many different devices, without thinking about the repercussions this may have on other nations and other economic giants. They strive for economic dominance not simply economic growth. This is the main idea behind mercantilism, gaining money and riches, is the main thing needed for economic development is to gain more from exports, where they send goods to other countries more than they take goods from other countries to make a clear profit margin and therefore insight economic growth.

helped with trade through the Mediterranean Sea. Which brought in much wealth, and goods through