European Invasion Research Paper

The arrival of Arthur Phillip’s first fleet in 1778 and the following arrivals of convicts and free settlers during the nineteenth century has been known as ‘the settlement of Australia’ a term believed to be a racial and cultural bias. Due to our history being dominated by the white man, and the influence of the concept of ‘terra nullius’, we are brought up to believe, from a European point of view, that the settlement was peaceful, and lawfully correct. However, being recorded as the first nation genocide, the word invasion best suits this colonization. In 2017 this argument is still debated, as protest and outcries attempt to force Australia to change its national day from the 26th of January to another date, as many indigenous

The powerful interaction of power and privilege is thoughtfully explored throughout The Secret River (2015) by Diana Reid which shows the discriminatory ,ethnocentric practices between the Australian Colonizers and the Indigenous people that defines the period. Before Colonization in 1788, Aboriginal Civilization was composed of over 600 different nations that organized the Australian landscape which was more than 40millenbia (Broome 2010). Privilege is a benefit that only a single person or group of individuals usually has because of their position whereas Power is the potential to control the people and events .(Barbara 1994). Several factors lead to power differences between the Indigenous and European cultures that resulted in dispossession

However, was this outrageous act nothing more than an honest mistake? Upon finding such promising land, did the European colonies believe they were impartial to possessing and commanding it as they please? Only for the fact that the current Indigenous owners were using it for means they could not understand? Did they believe that the only significance the land had to the Indigenous people was a spiritual and emotional connection, and the land could be therefore put to better use? Historical facts support all of these statements, and therefore are proving one of the largest acts of injustice Australia has ever

In both the Americas and Australia, the native dwellers were forced to relocate and adapt to new circumstances, due to the taking of land by the Europeans, who felt that they had the right to, due to their self-proclaimed superiority. The weapons of the Aztec and the Aboriginal cultures were also influenced in big ways after the colonisation; as they adopted many of the settlers’ more technological weaponry. The Indigenous in the Americas and Australia were forced to change their religious beliefs, and become Christians. The Aboriginals in Australia were sent to mission stations, and were made to forget their own beliefs and traditions, which were seen as nomadic to the British.

This resulted in the Indigenous occupants being on the receiving end of injust treatment. Torture, abuse and exploitation were among the cruel activities that were practised by the Europeans. The British in Australia treated the Indigenous viciously to the extent of offering them food that had been poisoned. Rights and freedom of speech had been taken away from the Indigenous people. From their actions, the Europeans were selfish and heartless and did not allow any other opinion except of their own race. They did not contemplate on their actions, instead of a peace offering they took the violent path to negotiate a solution with the Indigenous

From the underhanded acts of dispossession to the unintentional carriage of diseases, European settlement had an significant impact on the indigenous people of Australia. With neither party backing down and the indigenous people being throughly disadvantaged with their lack of technology, it is easy to say that the European settlement of Australia had a significant impact on them. Along with convicts and new technology, the First Fleet in 1788 also brought many diseases to the shores of the unknown land that is now called Australia. A disease like influenza that is now non-fatal in the modern era was deadly back in the day, even to the Europeans who had the more advanced technology at the time.

The frontier wars in Australia (1788-1934) were considered as a series of a conflict waged between the European settlers and the Indigenous Australians which lasted for a span of 146 years.However,the British colonisation in various locations of Australia has created the population of Aborigines in jeopardy by capturing their land and heritage.As a result of the violent massacre, the indigenous fatalities has reached significantly to a great extend ranged between20,000and 30,00(challenge magazine).There is an ongoing debate in Australia about the frontier war that whether it was cosidered as a morally justifiable war or not.Some people believe that Australia has a uniquely peaceful history of settlement.Although,for the last 20 years,a new wave of historians,such as Henry Reynold argued that Aborginals

Despite tracking being used as a life skill to the Indigenous people, it became a valuable skill that benefited the white settlers in conquering Australia’s land. White people needed the native trackers because they had difficulty exploring the new environment they wanted to nab. Once new white settlers started embezzling extra land, the Aboriginal people’s homes were seized by the white people. The white people made the natives inferior by limiting their hunting and killing more natives unfairly: “Soon the white people would take [their] land from [them] and there would be no recourse for any injustices committed against his people” (13). The white people would always win battles against the Aboriginal people because, “the evil white invaders [had] their muskets, swords, and pistols” (3) while the native

However the Aborigines had a different idea. They resisted the white man's attempts to take their land and their way of life. Early Australian history is laced with horror stories of massacres and deadly clashes. As the white people moved out from the coastal settlement the Aboriginals lost their hunting grounds, watering holes and plants on which they lived. They also caught diseases of the white man and they followed the example of drinking alcohol which caused many fights between them.

Tom Dystra, an Aboriginal Elder recalling the differentiating the differences of land uses: “We cultivated our land, but in a way different from the white man. We endeavor to live with the land; they seemed to live off it” (Koori, 2012). The entire continent was under the control of the British Monarchy and was declared “Crown Land” being deliberately ignorant towards the Aborigines and their traditional custodianship. Invasions on the Indigenous land started when the colonists started clearing land, sacred sites and fencing properties which cut access to waterholes and hunting grounds without the permission of the elders. The Europeans didn’t obey the rules set by the Aborigines, held no respect for their traditional rituals and sacred places and started killing vast numbers of innocent Aborigines for hunting for food or trespassing on the ‘European’ land. Their anger and emotion can still be felt today as describe by F. Gale: “Sacred place. All over our Aboriginal land was sacred, but we see now they have made a map and cut it up into six states” (Gale,

By 1850, Indigenous Australians were disempowered, dispossessed and devastated by the European invasion of Australia. Whilst white settlement occurred the British colonies and had an impact on the Aboriginal people. Both the British and the Aborigines lead a level of cooperation amongst them.

When European settlers arrived they did not understand the Aboriginals land ownership system as it was very different from their own. Upon European arrival the settlers declared the land as ‘terra nullius’ (land belonging to no one) and took ownership of the land. The colonial government sold and leased land to the settlers completely ignoring the deep spiritual connections the Aborigines had with the land. By 1870s all fertile areas were taken from the Aboriginals and given to the white settlers. The Europeans built fences, which prevented movement of native fauna and introduced hard hoofed animals that destroyed the waterways and much of the plant life; this impacted the Indigenous greatly as it reduced their access to resources.

The treatment of native peoples all around the world has been a major issue for generations. This essay will show you how both the Indigenous Australians and Native Americans were treated from the first ‘settlement’ of white peoples in their land up until now. It will assess how the system worked, the rights of the native peoples, why the system was the way it was, and how it impacted the world as a whole.

When the first fleet first landed in Australia they impacted many Aboriginal tribes of Australia, and around the Sydney area these included the Cammeraigal, the Kameygal, the Birrabirragal, the Eora and the Illawarra tribes. Indigenous Australia refer to themselves in different ways and often in new south wales aboriginal australians refer to themselves as the ‘Korris’ (Korries) meaning peoples or persons (educationscotland.gov.uk, 2016) . Europeans initially had short term impacts on the Sydney tribes, such as violence, dispossession and disease. These short term impacts then led to long term impacts through decreased population. There were further long term impacts when Europeans forced Indigenous Australians to change their lifestyle to

Before the protection act was placed, the Australia white settlers attempted to assimilate the Indigenous people into a white society, making them wear their clothes and learn their customs. In the 1830s, the British government decided that there had to be more done to protect the Aboriginal people. So, four ‘protectorates’ were set up in Victoria (william, 2014). The protectorates set aside land for the Indigenous people to protect them from aggressive white people; however, it failed in the long term. The government kept trying to find ways to improve the Indigenous peoples way of life, but never once consider that the Aboriginal community saw nothing wrong with how they lived and didn’t realize that they have been living off the land for thousands of years. The only reason they now needed to be “protected” was because of the white settlers stealing their land and trying to convert them into a white way of living. The introduction of the new diseases started killing off the Aboriginal community, so the Australia government made a reserve for the community to die peacefully, however, instead of dying out, the Indigenous population started to grow. On the reserves, they were safe from the white settlers and now had the freedom to practice their traditions. Though, this freedom