Questions to Consider: Europe
1. How is the history of European and Arabic cultural contact reveal through musical characteristics in places such as Spain and Bulgaria?
In Spain, the authentic flamenco had just a singer. It had a strained type of timbre and melisma was used a lot. It shows that there was Arabic influence because they also had that type of style. And because they also used a guitar as accompaniment, it showed there was European influence because they liked harmony. Bulgarian music also had harmonies but with voices. This was a European characteristic. Their music is very colorful and lively and I think that was Arabic influence.
2. What defines a music as "classical" as opposed to "folk" in the European context? How
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An easy to play folk instrument is the hurdy gurdy. In the text it even says it's "foolproof". To play it, you just have to turn a crank and press some keys.
A folk instrument needing more advanced techniques is the uilleann. It's from Ireland and it is the more complex type of bagpipes in the world. It is complicating because it requires a lot of coordination. A player has to use both of his arms and hands at the same time.
5. How are music and musical instruments used to express national identity in Europe?
I think the music and musical instruments expresses national identity in Europe because there are different styles of music according to where they are from in Europe. And different countries have different types of instruments. For example the bagpipes in Scotland. Many people recognize music with pipes to be from Scotland or Ireland. Spain has flamenco and Russia has their balalaika. They all express their nationality and where they are from. The countries in Europe have different types of musical styles that are distinct to their own country and culture.
6. Is language a reliable demarcation of musical style in Europe? Why or why not?
I don't think language is a reliable separation of musical style in Europe because even if people from different countries speak the same languages, they might have different types of styles. For example, Ireland and Scotland are grouped together but their music is a bit different. They both play
Turquerie was the Orientalist fashion that arose during 16th to 18th century in Western Europe. It is a ‘French term used to describe artifacts made in Turkey, or in France by Turkish craftsmen, and by derivation the influence on French design of elements from the Byzantine Empire, the Saljuq Islamic period and the Ottoman Empire.’ 1 In music, the influence of Turkish culture in European society also spurred composers like Mozart, Haydn and Beethoven to write music with the used of Alla Turca style in 18th century. Alla Turca was being referred to the ‘Turkish music’, however it is not purely music of Turkey but rather as a musical style. The authenticity of the westernized ‘Turkish music’ is one of the exoticism issues which has been
Music. Entrancing both by its various individual styles and the unavoidable combination of diverse kinds which thusly have made other totally new and novel styles of music. Traditional music is a flawless sample. The soonest types of traditional music were made in the eighteenth and mid nineteenth hundreds of years and showed an exceptionally confused and modern type of composing joining an extensive variety of instruments and utilized the guideline of multi instrumentation which accomplished a full symphonic sound which thusly prompted the making of uniquely planned lobbies to encourage the sound. The sources of the music were additionally differing, numerous organizations having been composed for the stage, writers.
* Sources have direct link to style and designations of music Transmission of Music and Musical Knowledge
What does ethnomusicology mean when they say, "Music is universal, but it is not a universal language"?
6. In what ways has music in South Africa reflected the particular history of the country?
As a unique artistic language, music records human civilisation and develops concurrently with human culture. Smetana used music as a cultural voice by celebrating the Czech culture, and to also evoking a national spirit. Culture is the characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of people, defined by everything from language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts (REF). The cultural background knowledge of the music gave me a new perspective of the Moldau. It changed
Culture: I was interested in the definition of “Latin.” I find it interesting because of all the confusion that comes about when this subject is discussed. Many groups of individuals claim to be “Latin”, making it difficult for some culture to take sole possession of “Latin” music.
China has long been the cultural hub of Asia, and has had the longest amount of contact of any Asian country with other Western countries. Ever since the Silk Road was established, China has been trading with other Western countries and exchanging aspects of their cultures with one another. One of these aspects is music. But how exactly has Western music influenced Chinese music? In order to understand this, we must look at the history of Western encounters with China in terms of music.
1. Why does the Indian classical tradition dominate the musical image of South Asia in the west?
Additionally, there are other countries who had their influences in music in the USA, for example Mexicans. Mexicans helped to develop the Tex-Mex
The term “classical music” refers to the western influence, not the eastern influence of Asia; the two are very different
Compare and contrast two works from the same genre which were written at least a generation or half a century apart. Consider and explain similarities and differences with regard to musical style and historical context.
So whilst some parts of the world stayed traditionalist, other parts were taking music to the next step. Western cultures have used music for almost every aspect of life. Music was used for entertainment, religion, war cries and important ceremonies. Some countries have unfortunately lost their culture and heritage thanks to more developed countries trying to expand their empires. A good example of this is when the indigenous Mexican people were murdered in their homeland by the invading Spanish – and replaced the traditional drums and flutes with more vibrant shakers and trumpets. It is no doubt that the way upper countries have acted has greatly affected the distribution of music worldwide.
“A loose expression for European and American music, of the more serious kind, as opposed to popular folk music,” is the ‘Classical Music’ definition according to the New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy (Houghton Mifflin Company). It appears that finding a common description for a musical phenomenon, that’s been around since the Medieval Period, is much easier said than done. I must admit that prior to taking this course, I fell victim to assuming all classical music is dense and contained very little diversity. However, after understanding and applying fresh knowledge of the subject, I began to see differences. During my research, I partially expected to find that classical music is unpopular and that society has great disinterest in any form of it. I also expected to find that millennials and baby-boomers would have opposite views on whether classical music is archaic and decaying. The quick poll I conducted revealed eight out of ten people said classical music isn’t dead and six of those eight were millennials. Fortunately, I was surprised by some of the evidence I encountered. By the very definition, classical music can be broad and versatile. It is hardly logical to assume that something so old cannon evolve over time.
According to www.talks.cam.ac.uk, “Globalization emphasises difference, promotes pluralism, and increases diversity through the accelerating circulation of a multiplicity of cultural practices. In turn, music affected these elements of globalization in significant and often unexpected ways.”