Evaluate the extent which Trans-Atlantic interactions from 1600-1763 contributed to maintaining continuity as well as fostering change in labor systems in the British North American Colonies?

The changes in the slave labor system helped the system develop and sprout through out the world. One change is that when the first people such as the Spanish first started to colonize the Americas they needed a labor force to do the harsh manual labor and they decided to use the Native American Indians as their work force. The reason why this is true is because it was recorded in history that they enslaved the Natives. Another change is that

The rise of sugar as a commodity in England situated England as the world’s leading consumer. The increasing popularity of coffeehouses among middle-class English people, as well the introduction of tea from China, fueled the counties. England’s growing interest in coffee and tea greatly increased the demand for sugar leading to a significant effect on Africa and its people. The high English demand for sugar required land to expand sugar plantations, and an efficient source of labor to produce, creating a connection between all three. For example, if there was not enough demand, there would have been no point in planting sugar and if cheap labor could not be obtained, it would not be worth doing so on such a large scale because it would have been expensive and unprofitable. Since they had all these contributing factors in their favor the British were able to gain profit from sugar plantations, which worked as a significant contributor towards their economy. To meet the land requirements the British picked their Caribbean colonies because of their control of that region and its climate. After finding the land for plantations, England had to find the source of labor to work these plantations. The English turned into Africa for cheap slave labor. The British had tried the local Caribbeans to work on the plantations but these people were already affected by the diseases that were brought to the area by Europeans. As a result, there were not many Caribbean people to work the

Before the 1680's, indentured servitude was the primary source of labor in the newly developed colonies. There were

England was included with the tri-continental slave exchange between Europe, Africa and the Americas. African slaves were subjected to sea captains and traders, farm owners and military staff. This stamped developing proof of the dark nearness in the northern, eastern and southern regions of London. There were likewise little quantities of free slaves and sailor from West Africa and South Asia. Huge numbers of these individuals were constrained into beggary because of the absence of occupations and racial separation. There is confirmation that African men and women were once discriminated when dealing with the law in view of their skin differences. The nineteenth century was additionally a period when "scientific racism" thrived. Many white individuals asserted that they were the predominant race and that blacks were not as smart as whites. They attempted to hold up their records with logical confirmation, for instance the span of the mind. Such claims were later demonstrated false, however this was only one more obstruction for the blacks in London to leap over. The late nineteenth century successfully finished the primary time of African migration to London in eminent numbers to Britain. This decrease in migration offered path to the steady consolidation of blacks and their descendants into this overwhelmingly white

The change before the seventeenth century with Africans was significant. They were seen differently, developing racism, especially during the Trans-Atlantic Trade. Many events contributed continuity of the labor systems, such as the South Atlantic System and Triangle Trade system. The labor systems changed significantly within the West Indies and the Southern Colonies due to this trade. Slavery made up a large part of the social development of these areas due to the massive amount of land work.

With a massive transport of millions of enslaved African Americans across the Atlantic Ocean, Caucasians and African Americans were both performing tasks such as clearing of new land and tending to new crops so that colonization could continue to spread; and that it did indeed. In fact, colonization began to spread at such a rate that landowners began to become more dependant on the labor of African-Americans because it was more economically sound. Dependant on skill sets acquired before slavery, Slaves began to have variances in

Before the 1680's, indentured servitude was the primary source of labor in the newly developed colonies. There

Whileas New England continued to manifest through religion and began to grow increasingly, Chesapeake Bay was forced to hire indentured servants, mostly men, and convicts which worked up to six years, soon causing the population only to decrease. To cultivate tobacco, planters in Chesapeake brought in large numbers of English workers, mostly young men who came as indentured servants. Each indentured servant meant more land for his sponsor under the headright system, which lead to rather larger scale farming. The society and community within New England wanted to allow the citizens with education, (mostly boys who would become ministers)but this way of life would lead to creating the first universities. The overall work ethic and mindset of the peoples in each region would lead them to define themselves and shape for their economy and

They had poor soil which would not allow them to grow crops, so as a result, they needed fewer slaves working on plantations. Their location would determine the success of the colonies. They were located on the coast, so they depended on fishing, whaling, and the production of ships. In the Chesapeake, they had an abundance of farmland, and tobacco was the main cash crop grown. Because their economy relied on agriculture, they would need more slaves to sustain wealth and keep up with the labor-intensive farming. Mostly young, white men came over and became indentured servants which led to a higher male population. After Bacon’s Rebellion, the labor switched from the indentures servants to African

Another change in the colonies occurred because of the need for more laborers. Amongst the British

In the years from 1600 to 1783 the thirteen colonies in North America were introduced to slavery and underwent the American Revolutionary War. Colonization of the New World by Europeans during the seventeenth century resulted in a great expansion of slavery, which later became the most common form of labor in the colonies. According to Peter Kolchin, modern Western slavery was a product of European expansion and was predominantly a system of labor. Even with the introduction of slavery to the New World, life still wasn’t as smooth as we may presume. Although the early American colonists found it perfectly fine to enslave an entire race of people, they

By extracting lumber and employing many skilled artisans, they established a highly lucrative shipbuilding industry competitive with that of the English. (71) Land was allocated in an egalitarian fashion, into many small family plots, whereas in the south small farms were overrun by large tobacco plantations to which vast numbers of African slaves were brought perform the hard labor. This is where the slave culture took root in America. This polarized societal trend of a wealthy, white elite ruling over a black, slave majority in the South led to many of the racial divides found in the later United States. In New England, colonists looked to water rather than land for foods to trade; with the abundance of cod, the fishing industry thrived. (70) Contrastingly, their neighbors in the Middle Colonies dug into the ground to establish their role in World Trade. Wheat was a major crop here, and exported as flour, brought huge profit. (96) As in New England, agriculture here was found in the form of small family plots where indentured servants and family members worked the

Despite being held at the bottom of the social pyramid for throughout colonial times, the labor of the colonies would prove to be far from useless. While vast, open land was turned into numerous plantations in the colonies by rich planters, the plantations could not purely be run by their owners, creating a great need for labor. This lack of labor would eventually be solved through the use of African slaves, but after the first shipment of slaves to Jamestown in 1619, few were purchased due to high prices for an extended amount of time. The planters, however, would be able to fulfill their need for labor through English indentured servants. Through the use of indentured servants, basically free labor was provided to land owners, while

Economies quickly emerged as a result of human and environmental interaction. Each settlement had its own economy which were based on different aspects. The English colonies were arguably the most diverse with economic activities including farming, fishing, and trading. Their settlements were mostly mercantile, meaning it “promoted governmental regulation of a nation's economy for the purpose of augmenting state power at the expense of rival national powers,” and was famous for their exports, which largely consisted of tobacco, rice, timber, and fish. Tobacco and rice became the major cash crops of the southern colonies. These cash crops were grown on large plantations of land that needed large numbers of workers. Most colonists grew their own food. The soil was too thin and rocky and the climate too harsh for the colonists to grow cash crops. They turned to fishing, lumbering, fur trading, and metal working to nourish their economy. The French economy was mainly based on fur trade because it was more profitable, but still had its part in farming. An abundance of rivers allowed for transportation of goods between the colonies. Mills to grind grains developed and supported local economies. Much like the others, the Spanish were famous for their trading, while also having farming in their western colonies. It was strictly regulated by the Spanish Board of Trade and laws were enforced by the Spanish military. The Northern colonies developed cottage industries that traded on a simple barter system. For example, one household might mill grain while the neighbor spun

In the 17th century, a period that saw the establishment of the first permanent settlement or colonies in North America an important disparity emerged between the more diverse economies of the colonies in the north and the southern-most colonies, with an economy mainly concerned with the production of staple crops and food. At first, Virginia and Chesapeake colonies of Maryland settlers depended on white servants as their main workforce. In this case, a few blacks who came to