Evaluating Research Bias

6. Many drug safety research studies are sponsored by pharmaceutical companies that would financially benefit if the results of the study are favorable. Is this an example of a potential confounding factor?

According to the course syllabus we were introduced to the techniques of psychological research. This course was able to provide an understanding of how research is done, and what methods we can use to do so. By having a clear understanding of research and techniques used, it allows us to communicate effectively in regards to ideas behind the research process. In this paper, I will use myself as the case study to examine exactly what I learned about research.

Improvements in health care and life sciences are an important source of gains in health and longevity globally. The development of innovative pharmaceutical products plays a critical role in ensuring these continued gains. To encourage the continued development of new drugs, economic incentives are essential. These incentives are principally provided through direct and indirect government funding, intellectual property laws, and other policies that favor innovation. Without such incentives, private corporations, which bring to market the vast majority of new drugs, would be less able to assume the risks and costs necessary to continue their research and development (R&D). In the United States, government action has focused on creating the environment that would best encourage further innovation and yield a constant flow of new and innovative medicines to the market. The goal has been to ensure that consumers would benefit both from technological breakthroughs and the competition that further innovation generates. The United States also relies on a strong generic pharmaceutical industry to create added competitive pressure to lower drug prices. Recent action by the Administration and Congress has accelerated the flow of generic medicines to the market for precisely that reason. By contrast, in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and

Recruitment of subjects for clinical research trial participation has become increasingly challenging. It is becoming more difficult to recruit study patients for many reasons: The National Institutes of Health (NIH) along with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are increasingly demanding the generalization (a representative sampling of people in the real world) of study participants, institutional review board (IRB) restrictions, increased pressure on research sites to perform, various scandals, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA). All of these factors are increasing the cost of medical research drastically which in turn raises the cost of the medications they are producing. Many of these issues, particularly the scandals, have been played out in the media in the most

In the article “What Doing Research Means” Dorothy Seylor seeks to help university students understand the importance and methods of doing research. The article begins with her explaining that research is a part of everyone’s lives because it the source of new knowledge and a way to gain better understanding and a research paper is the “written representation” of it. There are also many other benefits of performing research as it can improve research skills as well as critical thinking skills, and it is also a mean of being a participant in the academic community. Seylor also discusses that research papers can take the form of either expository, analytic, or persuasive pieces. In all three types of research papers the basic process stages

The drug corporation place profit above human life while the drug cause complexion of issues relates clinical data on Avandia with a bias report that the medication was safe. Consequently, the Avandia drug many adverse side effects that were generating heart trouble and death to the many of the diabetic patients taking the drug. Therefore, we will learn how the first step in research is essential that there is no bias and that the formulation of the investigation will determine failure or success, the drug companies imply that the study is valid as true, without proof that leads to bias in the pharmaceutical companies that are manufacturing medicinal drugs. The Know bias that I, as a customer how the drug industry money influences over research.

Another issue is too much power is given to scientists in decision-making of candidate drugs. Also there were inadequacies and lack of communication between marketing and research. Merck’s marketing and research needed to realize that the making of the drug is not only the most important part in increasing sales, but it also included a strong advertising campaign that will satisfy the needs of the customers.

Critical issued of the appropriateness of conducting clinical trials in emerging countries has arisen over years. Being a leading company in biopharmaceutical industry, Novo Nordisk faces the critiques of whether it is justice to offshoring their clinical trials in developing economies. With the consistency of ethical principles brought up by Novo Nordisk, the company would be able to move their trials into emerging economies with the best interest for stakeholders. I will also propose ideas to Mr, Dejgaard for possible approach to media as well as the practices that Novo Nordisk could have changed over time at the end.

Furthermore, the article explores deeply how these pharmaceutical companies abuse power by funding drug trials and their influence to produce an outcome as per their requirements. The writers of this journal, to affirm the credibility of their information

Question 6. Many drug safety research studies are sponsored by pharmaceutical companies that would financially benefit if the results of the study are favorable. Is this an example of a potential confounding factor?

I think the types of automatic processing I engage in has to do with cultural stereotypes like asians are good at math and science, or they like to eat rice. I tend to believe that spanish people have feisty attitudes, and they eat chicken, rice and beans a lot. Group stereotypes like gothic people wear all black and are depressed.

They create goals, which do not include their own products, but say they are conducting research that will lead to the answer they are intended to research. These Pharmaceutical companies use varies ways to make their product look affective. They use data that will make the product seem useful just like the tobacco industry uses sponsored scientific name in their research to make it look applicable. Climate changes in these industries are looked upon because they cast a bad image. In all own science has created its own section in the scientific community because it is well funded by companies, which uses peoples' names in the field to make their research more useful to the common

Understanding and use of this model can provide the business researcher with a decisive advantage when assessing information in support of critical decisions. José Sacristán used this type of model in his research supporting “Exploratory trials, confirmatory observations: A new reasoning model in the era of patient-centered medicine”. His research supports using hypothetico-deductive reasoning as a basis for developing new pharmaceutical products (Sacristán, 2011). The current approach requires a new drug substance to undergo a series of rigorous clinical trials. These trials serve to confirm patient outcomes in support of new medicine availability. Typically a single dosage is approved in support of the aggregate population afflicted with an ailment. José Sacristán has expanded on the presumed single dose theory using the hypothetico-deductive model where clinical trials would serve as the exploratory phases with confirmation occurring through observations. In practice the trial would serve to disaggregate patient populations so that medicines could be tailored to

The pharmaceutical industry confronts several dilemmas every year. Most of these dilemmas revolve around money or whether or not to sacrifice now for a bigger payoff in the end concerning money and/or lives. Pharmaceutical companies tend to use shortcuts that create ethical problems. Drug companies have spent millions/billions of dollars in research, and they obviously want to see

There is a need for the investigator to identify specific research aims or objectives and specific accomplishments which the researcher hopes to achieve by conducting the study in order to answer the research questions.