Evaluation Of A Case Study

The nervous system is made of two systems which consist of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system is composed of the brain, spinal cord, and the nerves in the body. The peripheral nervous system is composed of nerves and a bundle of nerve cells called ganglia, which is located on the outside of the spinal cord and the brain. The nervous system is responsible for controlling and communicating with other parts in the body to maintain blood pressure, breathing, and other essential functions to carry out an ordinary lifestyle (Zimmermann, K.A., 11 March

The nervous system is made up of basic units called neurons. The main role of the neurons is to receive, integrate and transmit information throughout the body. There are some neuroglial cells found in nervous system aswell which provide support to the neurons by giving protection and nourishment Neurons have nerve processes that looks like finger like projections extended from the nerve cell body. They also contain axons and dendrites which enable them to transmit signals throughout the body. Normally, axon carry signals away from the cell body and dendrites carry signals toward the cell body according to Regina Bailey (2013). Neurons have three different shapes: bipolar, unipolar and multipolar where bipolar has two neuronal processes coming out of the cell body, unipolar has only one neuronal process coming out of the cell body and multipolar has many neuronal processes coming out of the cell body.

Neurons, nerve cells, have three basic parts: the cell body, dendrites, and axon. Neurons transmit signals to other nerve cells and throughout the body. They are simple components in the nervous system. The cell body includes the nucleus, which is the control center of the neuron. The dendrite branches off the cell body and receives information. The axon is attached to the cell body and sends information away from the cell body to other cells. When the axon goes through myelination, the axon part of the neuron becomes covered and insulated with fat cells, myelin sheath. This increases the speed and efficiency of information processing in the nervous system. Synapse are gaps between neurons, this is where connections between the axons and dendrites.

7. Myelin Sheath whitish fatty segmented sheath around most long axons. It protects the axon, electrically insulates fibers from one another , and increases the speed of nerve impulse transmition.

Myelin, found only in vertebrate nervous systems, is a fatty substance that surrounds the axons and long dendrites of nerves in the brain and spinal cord tissue (4). By lowering the rate at which the axonal membrane absorbs nerve impulses, myelin acts as an insulator, allowing NS potentials to travel rapidly through the nervous system and maintain communication between the brain and the rest of the body (2). This communication between the brain and the rest of the CNS and peripheral nerves is a central

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is autoimmune, inflammatory disease involving the central nervous system (CNS). This disease is a result of the immune system attacking myelin proteins. Usually affecting younger people between the ages of 20 and 50 years, multiple sclerosis slowly destroys the myelin sheath that are located in the CNS causing them to eventually create scleroses, or hardened lesions. Symptoms of multiple sclerosis can be different, but visual, sensory, and motor signs are usually affected with this disease. Some early symptoms care problems like blurred or double vision, numbness, loss of balance, and weakness in arms or legs, as well as fatigue, muscle spasms, speech problems. Approximately 400,000 people in the United States and 2.5 million people worldwide are affected by multiple sclerosis (Hersh and Fox, 2014). Educating ones self about multiple sclerosis is important because it has many unanswered questions. There are many theories and treatments that may seem like they work, but there is no cure or definite reason why MS happens. Multiple sclerosis is also a disease that affects many people and is very hard to treat.

The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. The brain takes information from the senses and processes it and it also makes decision sand sends commands to the body. The spinal cord carries information to and from away the brain. The peripheral system, on the other hand, is the system that allows communication between the central nervous system with the sensory systems. It also makes it possible for the brain and spinal cord to control muscles and

These neurons are vital for passing information from the brain to the body through the CNS. The neuron is made up of the body and axon which is broken into two parts: myelin sheath and axon terminals. Multiple sclerosis takes the immune system and attacks the myelin sheath causing it to deteriorate. As the myelin sheath is damaged it leaves permanent neurological damage and the electrical impulses that travel through the myelin sheath are blocked or disrupted (Compston, Coles 2008). As the CNS deteriorates the body becomes dysfunctional and the individual cannot perform their activities of daily living. Now that the CNS is disrupted or unable to communicate with PNS, this can lead to numerous signs and symptoms because the PNS is failing to receive electrical impulses.

The nervous system is composed of two separate systems: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord while the PNS consists of the nerves that are outside of the brain and spinal cord. The brain receives information sent from the PNS via neurons. The CNS contains neurons which are the basic units of the nervous system. There are three different classifications of neurons: motor, sensory, and interneurons. The motor neurons transfer signals from the central nervous system to the muscles to help with movements. Sensory neurons transfer information to the central nervous system from external stimuli such as environmental factors. The interneurons transfer signals between the motor and sensory neurons. If a person is diagnosed with Parkinson’s the neurons that receive the information begin to fail and eventually die. A person that does not have sufficient amount of neurons is not able to receive dopamine and begin to lose coordination thus limiting their movement.

To improve the speed of their communication, and to keep their electrical charges from shorting out with other neurons, axons are often surrounded by a myelin sheath. The myelin sheathmyelin sheathA layer of fatty tissue surrounding the axon of a neuron that acts as an insulator and allows faster transmission of the electrical signal. is a layer of fatty tissue surrounding the axon of a neuron that both acts as an insulator and allows faster transmission of the electrical signal. Axons branch out toward their ends, and at the tip of each branch is a terminal button.

Multiple Sclerosis is a disease that attacks the brain and spinal cord, the central nervous system. Scientists believe that the disease is caused by an environmental factor that certain genetics are predisposed to respond to. Symptoms can vary from person to person but the most common are blurred vision, loss of balance, poor coordination, slurred speech, tremors, numbness, extreme fatigue, memory problems, paralysis, and blindness. In order to be diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis, a careful history of symptoms is taken, as well as history of birthplace, family, environment, and other illnesses. A variety of tests are run to rule out other conditions that may have similar symptoms. Most of the people who are diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis are between the ages of twenty and fifty; yet there are people as young as two and as old as seventy-five who have developed the disease. Although the life expectancy for this disease has increased, Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a degenerative and potentially debilitating disorder that affects the spinal cord and brain, collectively known as the central nervous system. Multiple sclerosis evolves gradually throughout time and is considered to be auto-immune, which means the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells and tissues that are supposed to be within the body. According to Medscape, symptoms consist of, but are not limited to, sexual problems, ataxia (the inability to control certain muscle movements as defined by Tortora and Derrickson), fatigue, and optic neuritis. Multiple sclerosis is characterized into four different types: relapsing-remitting MS, secondary-progressive MS, primary-progressive MS, and progressive-relapsing MS. There is currently no cure for multiple sclerosis, but there are many forms of treatments to help suppress the symptoms and hinder the progression. The Patient Education Institute lists of treatments include prescription medication and healthy lifestyle habits, such as exercising. Steroids are also administered to delay the severity of the attacks. The aforementioned details about the treatments, types, and symptoms of multiple sclerosis are merely a superficial analysis. To fully understand this disease, a more in-depth and detailed focus of its impact within the body is needed.

Approximately 100 billion neurons are in the brain, to get a grasp of that number, imagine counting every neuron in the brain. If one were to count two neurons for every second, then approximately 1600 years would have passed, by the time 100 billion neurons were accounted for. Every neuron has a purpose in the brain, whether it be used for an emotion, memory, or action. The basic components of a neuron is the axon, myelin sheath, dendrites, cell body, and axon terminals. Concerning the myelin sheath or myelination, this fatty-like material main purpose is to increase the speed of the electrical impulse, which is given by other neurons. Whenever myelin is present, the electrical impulse leaks out at a slower rate. This aids in faster mental processing, without myelination, the individual’s thoughts would take seconds to create. In turn,

Multiple Sclerosis is a hot topic in science because professionals still know so little and there is currently no cure, although it was discovered in the early 19th century (NMSS, 2015). There is a huge online community of MS patients sharing their experiences of living with this disease. Often times it can be progressive, painful and disrupt daily activities of life (i.e. getting out of bed, brushing teeth, walking etc). The common age group for those who are diagnosed with MS are 20 to 50, and less common are young adults, teenagers and children (MSF, 2009). Determinants of MS include gender, age, where you live, genetics and ethnicity (NMSS, 2015). More women than men are affected (NMSS, 2015). The National Library of Medicine explains that MS affects the central nervous system where T cells are generated and for an unknown reason attacks myelin sheaths in the axons of the brain. Multiple Sclerosis is an auto immune disease, it is not communicable, and there is not one single test that can easily detect it (MSF, 2009). For these reasons and ambiguity of the disease which cause people suffering everyday, it is thus great importance for

The human nervous system is divided into two parts, the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system, CNS, is just the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system, PNS, includes the nerves and neurons that extend outwards from CNS, to transmit information to your limbs and organs for example. Communication between your cells is extremely important, neurons are the messengers that relay information to and from your brain.