Evaluation Of Planning An Evaluation

Reliability is most commonly used to refer to the degree of consistency with which measurement can be conducted, and it focuses primarily on the instruments used in research. In this most simple consideration of reliability, a researcher must demonstrate that an instrument yields consistent results. The attributes of instruments must not produce variability in research outcomes that could be misconstrued as changes to the variables being measured. Two common data collection methods are referred to in this paper: Surveys and interviews. The data collection instrument for a survey could be a written questionnaire, while the data collection instrument for an interview could be a protocol for the interviewer or a video filmed while the research participant was being interviewed. For example, consider a questionnaire used to survey people about their use of tobacco. If the questionnaire language did not differentiate among the various forms of tobacco that people us, the lack of clarity and specificity of the survey instrument could evoke inaccurate responses from participants. These inaccuracies could mistakenly be attributed to the research variables.

I’m also more aware of the use of open-ended questions which enable the person talking to identify and clarify their experiences and feelings in relation to the problem that they’re dealing with. I’ve noticed how useful they are in giving the speaker freedom and choice about where they want to go with their story. They don’t demand a ‘yes’ or ‘no’ response so the speaker can explore further and doesn’t feel pressurised into offering a definitive answer. Closed questions do have a part to play in a helping interaction – for example when it comes to clarifying certain information – but they don’t help someone to move forward in the exploration of their concerns.

Validity refers to whether the research conducted is what it intended to be. Validity involves dependability, which means, a valid measure must be reliable. But, reliability doesn’t have to link to validity, a reliable measure is not required to be valid.

Reliability refers to coherence, stability and dependability in test results, generally using internal consistency to express the levels of reliability in the test. The higher reliability indicates the higher level of accordance, stabilization and dependability in test results. Reliability is the precondition of validity (Guba and Lincoln, 1981). The same findings may not generate if the same research is repeated, because many influencing factors may work in the process of research. The process of establishment in reliability research includes: the research rigorously collect and explain data in consistent investigation (internal checks); the process is transparent (sample design, field work, inquiry and rational data). Patton (1987) suggests that the use of triangulation in multiple approaches can increase the reliability in results.

Open-ended question: 1) What influences your preferences to buy a soda (packaging, brand, advertisements, etc.)? Close-ended questions: 1) Do you usually buy a specific soda? Yes/No 2) Where do you usually buy beverages? a)

Open-ended questions are the questions that have no specific answer. Here the person answering the questions has the liberty to answer the question as he/she feels like. Open-ended questions give us insight about the mindset of the person as well as their experiences. These questions provide a wealth of information about the perceptions of the inmates. They are interactive and interpretative in nature.

Analyze four (4) reasons for the importance of conducting assessments prior to new program implementation.

I think we have all had to deal with open-ended question multiple times in our lives and I personally hate survey questions like that, especially if I’m being forced to take the survey. A number of people would rather select and answer from what has been provided or choose the option “other” then to have to elaborate on our own response. Also with open-ended questions there are never the exact same answer so when it comes down to collecting the data and calculating the answers it is a lot more difficult because the answers could be easily misinterpreted or difficult to categorize.

1. Provide an explanation of this type of assessment that would be appropriate for and relevant to teachers and other professional staff in your program. (You may re-write the textbook definition that you provided in #3.)

Reliability is the measure of confidence placed on a test. There are several ways to measure reliability that include correlational methods of Pearson’s r which is a ratio used to determine the strength and direction of a correlation. Internal consistency can be tested using procedures

Internal consistency estimates the consistency in the instrument in question and how well it measures a particular behavior or characteristic.

Without reliability and validity it would be very difficult to decide which research should be trusted and which should be completely disregarded.

2.) Imagine you are interested in comparing how much time men and women spend on Facebook. you ask 5 men and 5 women to report how many minutes they have spent on Facebook in the last week in an open-ended question.

Another consideration when designing questions is whether to include open-ended, closed-ended, partially open-ended, or rating-scale questions (for a detailed discussion refer to Jackson, 2009). Advantages and disadvantages can be found with each type:

Oral Assessment instruments should have an acceptable level of reliability in terms of internal consistency, test and re-test reliability and alternative form reliability. Its content must also have the necessary validity to be a valid assessment instrument, must be predictive and concurrent.