Evaluation of Bali Bombings Legal Responses

has used forensics to demonstrate how the government has made progress with “connecting the dots” in finding and stopping a bomb making terrorist-- an example that took millions of dollars and man hours to catch one man and send him to jail for 40 years. The story “To Catch a Bombmaker” is sketchy even though the author seems to have a surplus of facts and dates to share with his readers. Dillow’s article fails to bring an in-depth understanding of what catching a bomber is about. He omits major pieces of the story while focusing on well-known cops and robbers techniques featured on popular television shows. While at certain points Dillow’s story is compelling, the article looks at off-the-shelf forensic but lacks the insight to shed light on the human drama and so the real driving force beneath Dillow’s facts and figures require unexplored and unexplained in this

In 2005, the discovery of the group was reported to the Indonesian Government by the Australian Federal Police, resulting in their arrest at the Denpasar Airport in Bali. The media named these men collectively as the “Bali Nine”. However, after Chan and Sukumaran were put

In conclusion, to sum up the whole thoughts, Bali Nine initially has existed for over one decade. It begins in 2005, when Indonesian police caught nine Australians were bringing 8.3kg kokain. The drug smuggling issue became famous dramatically because two of the nine people in Bali Nine case were received the death penalty from the Indonesian court. The thing also became worse, when Jokowi, Indonesian president decided to cancel all of the judicial review and process the executions immediately. Moreover, the Australian government put lots of efforts to change the Indonesian government decision, particularly on Joko Widodo as the head of the government and state in Indonesia. Nevertheless, both of the Indonesian and Australian government remains

Australia’s first anti-terror laws were enacted in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11 (Prof Andrew Lynch 2010). In recent years, increasing Australian involvement in international conflict has seen these laws shift to accommodate alarming trends in home grown terrorism (Australian Security Intelligence Organisation 2014). Sydney’s 2014 terror raids prompted the most significant changes to Australia’s counter terrorism legislation in the last decade (Commonwealth of Australia Department of Defence 2015). Amendments granted law enforcement and intelligence agencies new and somewhat controversial powers, in the name of national security.

Law enforcement response to counter-terrorism fundamentally changed as a result of the unprecedented events of September 11th 2001 in New York and Washington (Kaldas, 2002, p61-62). This essay will examine how law enforcement has evolved in response to the changing nature of terrorism, with an emphasis on how this has impacted Australia. An analysis of arrests and subsequent

Since 9/11, the Australian government has enacted over 60 counter-terrorism laws to assist in the fight against the rising threat of terrorism in Australia. This legislation has recently been brought into question given the rise of extremist groups such as Islamic State and the lifting of Australia’s terror level to “High”. Prior to 9/11 there were no specific laws in order to combat terrorism specifically in the Criminal Code. Australia’s national anti-terror laws are alarming not just in their volume, but also in their widespread scope. They include powers for warrantless searches, the banning of organisations, preventive detention, and the undisclosed detention and interrogation of non-suspect citizens by the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation (ASIO). The progress of these laws though parliament was eased by Australia’s absence of a national bill or charter of rights. The fast enactment of the laws was also aided by an apprehensive atmosphere and a feeling of urgency. This quick enactment has raised concerns over the many years since the legislation passed regarding the facilitation of the rule of law given the extensive powers that the Commonwealth has in regards to national defence and security. One such example of legislation that has proven to be controversial and has drawn supporters and critics alike are control orders under Division 104 of the Criminal Code. The paper will assess whether or not

Protection of the wider community from the unacceptable risk posed by Nystrom was a positive result of the Australian government’s non – compliance with the UNHRC’s decision. By refusing to allow Nystrom to return to Australia from Sweden, the government met its obligation to protect the Australian community and successfully ensured the safety of wider community from the risk of harm posed by Nystrom if he was allowed back into Australia, achieving justice for

The bombing plot most likely involved the device to detonate over the ocean to cover up evidence. Unforeseen delays on takeoff resulted in the plane exploding over Lockerbie, Scotland. As a responding international law enforcement agency, it will be vital to gather and isolate all forensic evidence in a central location that provides a sterile environment. Teams must cover the crash zone to find fragments that will identify what explosive was used, and what sort of timing device was

Domestic Terrorism has become a serious problem in the United States. The actions taken by offenders on April 15, 2013 disrupted the lives of many. This paper will explore events surrounding the Boston Marathon bombing incident and evaluate the effects caused by the incident. While also reviewing the strategies of various local, state, and federal agencies and how they coordinated their efforts to suspects while also ensuring the safety of the public at the same time. Practices conducted by law enforcement agencies during investigation will also be analyzed to determine whether conducted properly and ethical. Not only will this paper discuss the investigation but the criminal proceeding in which parties involved face prosecution. During criminal

To conclude, acts of terrorism both international or domestic in the United States show the issue of security and the problems it can cause. The event of the Boston Marathon Bombing only supports my claim, offenders were already in the country and committed such a monstrous crime. This paper explored the events surrounding the Boston Marathon bombing incident, strategies taken during investigation and prosecution. The Coordinated efforts of various local, state, and federal during the investigation and apprehension of the suspects while also ensuring the safety of the public at the same time played a significant role. Whether or not the actions of law enforcement were conducted properly and were ethical was examined. Following the investigation,

Homicide is regarded by our society as one the most serious crimes, thus the appropriateness of the assessment of criminal responsibility is especially important. In Western Australia, the homicide offences are contained in the Western Australian Criminal Code. In 2008, following the recommendations of the Law Reform Commission of Western Australia (LRCWA), there were significant amendments to the Code, especially relating to the murder offences. Presently, the offence of murder is found in section 279 of the Code and details three forms of murder. Of these, sections 279(1)(b) and 279(1)(c) express a test of 'likely to endanger life' to establish criminal responsibility. It is therefore crucial to understand and analyse the term

Tracing the T-shirt and the maker of the timer evidence led investigators to two Libyan intelligence operatives. Al Amin Khalifa Fhimah and Abdel Basset Ali Al-Megrahi were indicted by the United States and United Kingdom for bombing Pam Am flight 103. On January 31, 2001, Abdel Basset Ali Al-Megrahi was found guilty of the attack. The Libyan government accepted responsibility for the act and paid $3 billion to the families who had victims on the flight.

3) “It was not until after 9/11 that democratic countries introduced legislation that criminalised an ‘act of terrorism’” (O’Hare, 2011) To aid police in their fight against terrorism, the Australian Government has made a significant number of changes to current legislation, as well as introducing a number of new counter-terrorism laws to assist law enforcement in responding to terrorist threats. “The states and territories have referred legislative powers to the Commonwealth to allow the creation of a single set of terrorism offences under the Criminal Code Act 1995 (the Criminal Code).” (Counter-Terrorism White Paper, 2010, p. 55) These amendments, and additional legislation, have been instrumental in allowing law enforcement to respond to terrorist threats. In addition to new criminal offences, new powers include; more effective detention and questioning powers; the ability to declare terrorist organisations illegal; and the ability to exercise more control over people’s movements. The new counter-terrorism “offences are aimed at individuals who engage in, train for, prepare, plan, finance or provide support for terrorist acts.” (Counter-Terrorism White Paper, 2010, p. 55) Other tools within the Criminal Code available are ‘control orders’ and ‘preventative detention’. “Control orders are protective measures that can restrict a person’s movements and activities.” (Counter-Terrorism White Paper, 2010, p. 57) Whereas

The coalition that formed was an obvious threat to the terrorist network and the result is evident in the collective destruction that occurred on 2002. Most unfortunately, the Bali bombing can clearly be viewed within the framework of ~{!.~}revolt against the West~{!/~} as Bellamy (2005) has suggested.

Much recent discourse surrounding humanitarian intervention has focused on the responsibility to protect (R2P). Prevention is a key component for good international relations and few would say it is not important, but as evidence to date would show prevention is very ineffective, the legality of military intervention still needs to be debated, as to date there is no consensus. For any intervention to be legitimate, whether unilateral or multilateral, it must comply with international law. So as not to cause any confusion, any situation in which an “intervention” is done with the permission or by request of the state being intervened, should be considered humanitarian assistance as state sovereignty is not breached. This paper will