Evidence Of The Big Bang Cosmology

The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of wavelengths over which electromagnetic radiation extends (Merriam-Webster Dictionary). The visible part of the spectrum is light and we can see colors from blue to red. On the left side of the spectrum is blue where the wavelength is shorter. On the right side of the spectrum is red where the wavelength is much longer than the blue end. These wavelengths are called the visible spectrum and an example of this is a rainbow. For a light wave to be absorbed by an object, the single frequency light wave must come in contact with the object. Although light colors reflect part of the visible light, black absorbs all energy and wavelengths.

We can still see radiation left over from the Big Bang today as the cosmic microwave background.

A blackbody radiatior is an object that absorbs energy and then emits a certain color of light based on the temperature of the objects.

Cooler stars emit heat in the infrared area of the electromagnetic spectrum, and thus, they appear to be red. It should also be noted that hot stars radiate energy at the ultraviolet and blue areas, making them appear white or blue. The surface temperature of a celestial object can be determined by using the relationship between the wavelength of the light and the temperature of the blackbody and in the case of an increase in temperature, the tip of the spectrum becomes shorter in

Basically, this discovery showed us that the universe is expanding which means if you were to go back in time, the universe would shrink and shrink until you get this infinite point. William Lane Craig

A century later the French naturalist George-Louis Leclerc, later made Comte de Buffon by Louis XV, would improve on this idea in 1778. He did this by carrying out a set of experiments with balls of metals heated to the point where they were glowing read and about to melt and then observing the time that is too them to cool. Buffon came up with a number of 75,000 years. Theologians did not like this revision of their timescale and the encroachment of science into their area of knowledge. (Gribbin, 14)

The Cosmological Argument has several forms, but is essentially a proof for the existence of the God of classical theism. It investigates to respond to the human wonder for answers to questions like “who created the universe?” It is an a posteriori argument, meaning that it is based on our experience of the world around us. The argument has been around for many years, but it was St. Thomas Aquinas in his book ‘Summa Theologica’ who established the argument as we know it today. Aquinas had five proofs for the existence of God, of which three are cosmological; they are the First Cause Argument, the Prime Mover Argument and the Argument from Contingency.

It also has the ability to collect sufficient light from the dim and distant stars. After information was captured, it was then reviewed on a computer. The focus was placed on the black vertical lines known as absorption lines which corresponded with different chemical elements in the outer shell of the star. The information that has been collected and analyzed over the past years shows both halo stars and dim dwarf galaxy stars have weak absorption lines. When the photon energy is close to the energy difference between the lower and higher states, the process is called resonance, this produces high absorption. When the opposite is true, the absorption is small (Frebel,

hands-on activities The Universe Big Bang Balloon Background Information In the 1920s astronomer Edwin Hubble used the red shift of the spectra of stars to determine that the universe was expanding. By carefully observing the light from galaxies at different distances from Earth, he determined that the farther something was from Earth, the faster it seemed to be moving away. This relationship has become known as Hubbleís Law, and itís just one piece of a bigger puzzle known as the Big Bang theory.

Put simply, the Big Bang theory is most supported and believed theory on how the Universe began. It essentially states that we began as a small singularity and over

At the present stage of existence (13.72 billion years), the universe radiates as a black body with a temperature of 2,725 K. Its maximum to the frequency 160.4 GHz (microwave radiation), which corresponds to a wavelength of 1.9 mm. It is isotropic up to 0,001% - the standard deviation of temperature is

There are seven major spectral types. Stars range from blue and hot to red and cool. The spectral types are: O, B, A, F, G, K, and M (from hottest to coolest). Each of these letters is divided into 10 numerical classes, from hotter to cooler: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. For example, our Sun has the spectral type G2. Spectroscopy is a scientific technique in which the visible light coming from objects (like stars and nebulae) is examined to determine the object's composition, temperature, density, and velocity. The spectrum is the band of colors that white light is composed of, in the order: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet (from long to short wavelength). Newton first discovered that sunlight could be divided into the visible spectrum. The compositions of stars are determined through spectroscopy. Spectroscopy is the study of something using spectra. Recall from the Electromagnetic Radiation chapter that a spectrum is what results when you spread starlight out into its individual

Cosmogony is the study of the origin and development of the universe as a whole and of the individual bodies that compose it. Since cosmogony deals with creation, cosmogonies of the past have been a part of religion or mythology. Modern cosmogony forms part of scientific cosmology, the study of all aspects of the large-scale physical universe, its contents and organization as well as its history. [How Stuff Works n.d.] In regards to cosmogony, the most predominantly discussed is the Big Bang. Simply, the Big Bang proposes that the universe began as a small singularity which then inflated over the next 13.8 billion years to become the cosmos known today. During this process, it expanded and cooled, going from incredibly hot to incredibly cool

Once the temperature of the Universe dropped below the neutron-proton mass difference, neutrons began decaying into protons. If the early baryon density was low, then it was difficult for a proton to find a neutron with which to make helium before too many of the neutrons decayed away to account for the amount of helium we see today. So by measuring the He/H ratio today, they can calculate the necessary baryon density shortly after the Big Bang, and, consequently, the total number of baryons today. It turns out that you need about 0.05 M total baryonic matter to account for the known proportion of light isotopes. So only 1/20 of the total mass of the Universe is baryonic matter. This is probably the reason why Astronomers claim that Dark matter must exist to account for the gravity that holds galaxies together. If the only matter in the universe was matter we could directly detect, galaxies would not have had enough matter to have ever formed. The galaxies we observe today would fly apart because they wouldn't have enough matter to create a strong enough gravity to hold themselves together. Dark matter is also responsible for amplifying small fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background back in the early universe to create the large scale structure we observe in the universe today.

This observation means that it has taken every galaxy the same amount of time to move from a starting position to its current position. This observation is called "Hubble's Law," named after Edwin Hubble (1889-1953) who discovered this in 1929. Edwin Hubble’s evidence supports the expansion of the universe and suggests that the universe was once compacted. Third, if the universe was insanely hot as the Big Bang suggests, scientists should be able to find some of this heat left over. In 1965, Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson discovered a 2.725 degree Kelvin Cosmic Microwave Background radiation which infuses the observable universe. This is thought to be the remnant that scientists were looking for. Finally, the discovery of great amounts of Helium and Hydrogen lead to support the Big Bang Theory. (LaRocco)