Evolution And How Does It Happen?

The four forces of evolution are Mutation, Natural Selection, Genetic Drift, and Genetic Flow. Each one of these subjects serves a high importance when speaking about evolution and how it has occurred over millions of years. Mutation is probably the most important as without the mutations, nothing else like natural selection can really occur. There would also be no variance in species and animals would look all the same or similar. With mutations, physical effects can be advantageous, fairly bad, or neutral with not much change and not good or bad. In natural selection, the idea of fitness is very important. As said in the lecture, this type of fitness doesn’t mean the physical attributes one has in order to beat out everyone because of their physicality, but instead it’s about the idea of one being able to produce fertile offspring in comparison to others. This selection

Evolution is the idea of a living organism adapting or mutating to gain beneficial physiological, psychological and structural features. The genetic makeup of all living things is constantly changing, due to DNA replication errors or outside factors, some of these changes impact drastically on the organism changing it for the better or worse. Typically when an organisms genetic code is changed for the better and it reproduces and outlives its unchanged counterparts this process is called evolution.

Natural selection is the process where organisms that have more advantageous adaptions that benefit its survival in its environment then breed and produce offspring with similar traits that then have a greater chance of survival. For natural selection to occur there are essential elements that are required; variation, heritability and excess production. For the formation of a new species there must be variation within a species so that some may have slightly better adaptions to the climate, diseases or other survival traits like better camouflage. The organisms that possess these adaptions are sometimes called more fit; this is called ‘survival of the fittest’. The ‘fitter’ organisms will then reproduce and their offspring will inherit the

Natural selection is the evolutionary process by which heritable traits that best enables organisms to survive and reproduce in a particular environment are passed to ensuing generations. Organism within the same species may develop new characteristics based on their environment to ensure their survival. The new genetic development within the species maybe then passed on to their offspring. Those within the species that do not develop a new characteristic to adapt to the altering environment are left prone to disease, deformities, and even death or extinction.

Osteoporosis is caused by bones losing their density. This is because the process turnover where the bones are renewed and repaired, as you age this process slows down making the bones lose density and leads to the bones becoming weaker and more

Evolution is the process of change in a given population. There are 2 possible ways this change can happen. One way is through the difference in abilities of individuals to survive and reproduce. These differences, or variation, are largely created by genetic mutations in the DNA, ultimately making each individual different from one another. This idea of variation can be shown in Figure 2, where even though they are all the same species in Daphne Major, Medium Ground Finches, they all have a variety of different Beak Depths. This difference among each Finches forces some to have a natural advantage while others to have a natural disadvantage, purely based on the environmental conditions. This is mainly because some traits are more well adapted

Osteoporosis is one of the most common bone disease. It happens when the bones lose a great amount of their protein and mineral content, in particular calcium. This presents an increase in bone fragility and risk of fractures, it is responsible for millions of fractures annually. These fracture are the first sign of the disease, it can affect any bone.

Achondroplasia, which is the most common form of dwarfism, is characterized by shortened extremities, bowed legs, a prominent forehead, a limited ability to extend the elbow, curvature of the lower back, a decrease in muscle tone, enlargement of the entire or parts of the cerebral hemispheres, and mid-face hypoplasia in which the upper jaw, cheekbones and eye sockets have limited growth in comparison to the rest of the face (Belus et al. 1995). It is an autosomal dominant mutation (Belus et al. 1995).

Achondroplasia, is a bone disorder that causes dwarfism, dwarfism is a condition of short stature adults. The cause of achondroplasia is when they are fetal development, if you are achondroplasia is that a lot cartilage does not convert into your bones. The symptoms of achondroplasia are at birth, the child are likely to have a short stature, short arms and legs, short fingers and also underdeveloped area. The treatment, there is no cure or any treatment for this disorder. They’re some doctor that use growth hormones to increase the growth of the child’s bones, those the long term effects won’t be

A condition that causes bones to become weak. So weak, a fall or bending over, or coughing causes fracture. Osteoporosis related fractures happen in, wrist or spine. Bone is a tissue that needs replacement, breaks down a lot. Occurs when creation of new bone does not keep up with removal of old bone. It affects anyone, but elderly women are a higher risk of getting Osteoporosis. Medicine, balanced diet, exercise prevents bone loss and strengthens weak bones.

Achondroplasia can be known as dwarfism which is a genetic disease which shows of a disorder in height and bone growth . Achondroplasia is a genetic disease is a cause of Dwarfism. It occurs as a mutation is 80% of cases. It may be inherited autosomal dominant. People with Achondroplasia have a short stature. Identified by an adult 4”10 or under. Achondroplasia can be announced in an ultrasound before your born there is a DNA test.

Osteoporosis is a condition when the bones become weak and brittle because the body loses

Achondroplasia is a genetic disorder that results in a form of dwarfism. Individuals who developed this disorder are characterized by a usually normal torso and shortened limbs. Furthermore, achondroplasia is ordinarily inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, which means that only one parent passes on a copy of the defective gene on a chromosome other than a sex chromosome. However, the majority of cases of achondroplasia are due to a new spontaneous gene mutation.

To everyone, the image of a dwarf is easily recognizable, and is somewhat familiar. What is most commonly seen is a small-bodied human being, that has not been given the gift of height. What is forgotten, however, is the fact that dwarfism, is a rare genetic disorder which is referred to as achondroplasia, and is extremely rare. In order to understand the entirety of the disease, one must look at the origin of the mutation, as well as the severity of the numerous defects, while being informed on the possible treatments to benefit those affected.

Causes of dwarfism include but are not limited to genetic disorders, hormone deficiencies or medical conditions. Disproportionate dwarfism may be caused by a disorder named spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita. Which is a disorder of bone growth that concludes into dwarfism, skeletal irregularities, and trouble with hearing and vision. Proportionate dwarfism” is caused from medical conditions apparent at birth or early childhood which limits growth and development” (….). Also a growth hormone deficiency is common cause of this disease. However ……. Stated, “most occurencesss of dwarfism result from a random genetic mutation in either the fathers sperm or mothers egg rather than from either parents complete genetic makeup”(pg.)