Evolution Of Collaborative Management Of Forest Management

The wilderness and forests need to be saved for the future generations, and a sort of “wilderness bank” needs to be formed in order to keep the reality of the wilderness alive and keep mankind grounded to the earth.

“Liberian Civil war fought in 1989-1996, is among the most deadly and destructive war in the history that lasted for more than 7 years and killed almost 3 hundred thousand people. This war was the worst ever in the history of Africa because it caused the infrastructural and property damage in the country. The war also displaced more than 1 million people in refugee camps in neighboring countries. This war led to a complete breakdown of law and order in the country. There was not any direct cause that led to this war but several reasons contributed in the creation of this destructive event. Hunger for power, greed and opportunities to control and to get more out of Liberia’s natural resources were the main reasons behind this conflict. As D. Elwood Dunn quoted “We begin with the assumption that the conflict arose from the tugs and pulls of different identities the differential distribution of

Ikechi Mgbeoji’s book, Collective Insecurity examines the hidden causes of West Africa’s civil wars and addresses an important question: “Why has the U.N. system not worked to protect people and to enhance their welfare, as intended, in Africa and elsewhere?” In his book, Mgbeoji proposes, “the solution to African political instability lies in a structural rearrangement of the African polity for the purpose of legitimate governance of African peoples.”

This country cannot work without mutual understanding and respect between the american people and the government. Listening to various ideals is part of the communication process and those who don’t support the protection of wilderness are choosing to stick with not supporting any bills that deal with the protection of the land. In the essay “Finding Common Ground on Protecting Montana Wilderness,” Rick Bass, an experienced author, advocate and resident of the Yaak Valley, states his views on the matter of protecting the wild lands from the timber industry and other members of the opposition while at the same time respecting their views.

The topic of forest management in America has been one of the most controversial and long-standing issues between loggers, environmentalist groups, and forestry workers. All parties have several valid arguments regarding their position on forest management politics and how they have impacted the world’s forests and ecosystems. The question is how can these groups come to a compromise that will satisfy all parties involved?

Environmental groups began pressuring the government for new forest management legislation. The health of the forests, and the wild life habitat the forest provides became a highly debatable subject. Timber harvests began to decline as a result to the conservation litigation and political matters that were brought to light. To this end, the Northwest Forest Plan (NWFP), which was federally founded in 1994, was designed to restrict timber harvests in order to protect endangered species that dwell in old growth forests (Zielinski, 2012). Further, the NWFP provided a guide for a much regimented forest management style of our forest lands. Pendulums do swing though and there is a building dissatisfaction with federal land management today, as unmanaged forests burn up and rural communities have no jobs base (Zielinski, 2012).

American Forest has been successful at curating volunteers, organizations, and corporations to become involved in myriad projects dealing with the protection of the natural global biosystems of various species of animals, trees and plants.

Following the execution of Samuel Doe in 1989, civil war engulfed Liberia. The Abuja Accord II temporarily established peace in 1996; however, many soldiers were never disarmed (African Women and Peace Support Group, 2004). Sporadic violence resumed following the election of Charles Taylor in 1997. In 2000 fighting between the government and the Liberian United for Reconciliation and Democracy (LURD) resumed and a second civil war spread rapidly across the country (Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, & World Affairs, 2013; Fuest, 2008). By 2003, the situation had deteriorated. About 80% of Liberians lived below the poverty line and 90% of the Liberian workforce was unemployed (African Women and Peace Support Group, 2004). Moreover, with funding from Charles Taylor’s regime, conflict had spread throughout the Mano River Basin Area and into Sierra Leone and Côte d’Ivoire, drawing increased international attention to the conflict (African Women and Peace Support Group, 2004; Fuest, 2008; Moran, 2009). The war resulted in between 150,000 and 250,000 deaths and the displacement of 2.5 million Liberians (Fuest, 2008).

Liberia was a country founded in 1822 by Americans who wanted to find a place for freed slaves to settle. Then on July 26, 1847, a new day began in the history of Liberia, it was declared as a freed and independent nation. Their constitution was formed as a replicate of the United States government. Liberia had gone through one-hundred and thirty-three years of one party rule, and an additional twenty-five years of military and dictatorial rule. A civil war broke out for 14 years when the end of the dictatorship was targeted with violence. This paper focuses on the causes of the civil war. The causes of the civil war in Liberia can probably be narrowed down to the country’s unresolved ethnic and political viewpoints. We will also highlight

In the 1970’s when educated indigenous Liberians protested the raise in rice prices, the Tolbert government violently put down the protest by killing 40 students and wounding 400 (59). This set the stage for a group called The People’s Revolutionary Council led by Samuel Doe to lead a coup on April 12, 1980 that took over the government killing President Tolbert and many others (61). Doe became a dictator who put his ethnic Krahn tribe in charge of everything and took all the natural resources for his own profit (62). Any ethnic groups not of the Krahn tribe were persecuted and many were killed (63). Due to the atrocities suffered under Doe’s dictatorship, different ethnic groups formed rebel organizations to try to defeat Doe. Charles Taylor led an invasion into Liberia with the backing of the Gola and Mano tribes (Global Security, 2). The Gio tribe under Prince Johnson formed its own rebel force (2). This began a bloody three-way war. Although the reason given for the civil war was to provide different ethnic groups with the right to participate in the government, one of the factors that drove the warlords was the desire to exploit Liberia’s natural

Like any other public organization, diverse interest groups try to influence the Forest Service. In order to improve the way the Forest Service (Forestry) prioritizes who makes what kind of input to their leadership, and how different stakeholder groups communicate with one another and with local Forest Service, offices present an opportunity to improve the organization at the local and institutional level.

I am appealing to you as a conservationist. I believe that the natural resources of the forest can be of great help to us. As we experience this oil and gas crisis in the US, we are forced to import oil from foreign countries. Thus causing the cost of

In the current management system in Nepal, community forestry (CF) is one of the effective mechanisms to reduce deforestation and increase greenery in the country, but there is uncertainty to what extent CF supports biodiversity conservation (Acharya, 2003). Community forestry has contributed to improving and diversifying livelihoods by mobilizing locally available natural forest. As per the Forest Act (1993), community forest user groups (CFUGs) retain 100% of revenues generated and 25% are used in forest development

The need for conflict resolution in the land use conflict between concessions companies and community members of the Nimba County in Liberia cannot be over emphasized since the sustainability of most economies is predicated on the availability of natural resource of that country. Concessions companies are established to accomplish their set objectives which includes profit making and for these objectives to be attained stability and peaceful atmosphere must play a significant role. It is important to know that due to the present competition amongst investors around the globe there is the need for these concession companies to adapt the culture of consulting community stakeholders when it comes to dealings with their lands. The research will target the following Stakeholders such as youth, women groups, elders, chiefs, civil society organizations and local government officials in the Nimba Country region.

With over 130 million hectares of forest area, Indonesia has the third largest forest in the world. These forests are home to many diverse wildlife and unique creatures not found naturally anywhere else in the world. Before the 1950’s, these forests were dense and in a natural balance. With the introduction of greed in the form of humans and reckless machinery over 60 or so years, Indonesia has won the dubious honour in becoming the “World leader of deforestation”. This has led to an unnatural balance and is causing humans to try to control the environment more than they should. They practice the act of Swidden farming just like the indigenous people of those regions have. It is the action of cutting down trees and burning any unnecessary