Essay on Evolution of the Keyboard

Then there were other people who did not like change in the church. They thought the only instrument should be a piano and the only songs that should be sung were the hymns. And then there was a third group. This group liked a mix, they did not see a problem with some new music and adding a few instruments, but they also liked the traditional hymns, they did not feel like they had to get rid of one to have the other. Their concern was more with trying to please all people; obviously not everyone was going to like everything that occurred, but to compromise was there thought and tactic.

did not always like the piano. When he was a small boy he liked the drums, his father

1. Discuss the use of music in Catholic and Protestant worship practice, from the development of polyphony, through the music of J.S. Bach. In so doing, discuss the shift in responsibility for musical development from the Catholic Church to the Lutheran Church.

In the 1700’s the piano was invented by Bartolomeo Cristofori in Florence, Italy first introduced to the world as the "pianoforte" meaning “Soft loud”. “In the last quarter of the 18th century the piano had become the leading instrument of the western art of music that still lives on till today as an exotic instrument played by talented people in the world.” (Wendy Powers, 2003) Music has lived on from the beginning of time by all cultures and races for decades. Music is known to make the heart, soul, and brain one. Without this invention Beethoven would have not made the music that lives on

The Piano Lesson is a Southern Gothic play in which the living, as well as the dead, have a strong connection to the piano. The piano has a tragic origin that dates back generations. The piano was originally obtained by Robert Sutter who traded slaves for the instrument because he could not afford to purchase it outright. The piano was meant to be a gift for his wife, who coincidentally grew weary of the instrument and began to miss her slaves. In an attempt to quell her depression, Robert Sutter commissioned that the slaves' portraits be engraved in the piano; in addition to the slaves that were traded, the woodcarver also included their families and family histories. Because of the ties to slavery between the piano, the Sutters, and the Charles family, Berniece and Boy Charles came to believe that as long as the Sutters owned the piano, they would continue to own the Charles'. Due to this belief, the Charles' become obsessed with obtaining and owning the piano. During the course of trying to get the piano from the Sutters, the Charles' sacrificed much of themselves and caused many deaths.

There is no doubt that medieval church music has progressed throughout times. Not only has the music gotten a lot different in terms of sound, the instruments have also changed, as well as genres, theory, notation, rhythm, and polyphony. If you do not know, polyphony is the existence of different sounds and vocals all to form one harmonizing melody. All of these factors in generalized church music have changed from year 64 to 2016.

In the 19th century there were a few conservatories where composers frequently visited to study music. Instruments played a big role, too. Piano industries in Argentina and Mexico had popped up, which were accessible to the middle class, thus creating a demand for sheet music. Cuba even had a piano factory. This increase in access caused an explosion of piano music to be written.

But, sometimes somebody comes along and says, “I know the Lord didn’t put instrumental music in the church, but it sounds so good, I think it should be there.” So, they put it in the church.

In this paper we will go through the development of the keyboard through the nineteenth century in chamber music. We are going to look at three different composers, Joseph Haydn, Ludwig van Beethoven, and Johannes Brahms. We are going to look and see how they treated the keyboard in their lives and compositions. For each of the composers we will look at one keyboard chamber piece so we can learn just a little more about how important it was to each composer and why. [introduction paragraph to be continued]

The music it makes is as complex as it is majestic. The pipe organ is one of the largest and most technically sophisticated instruments. Building one is an incredible feat of engineering and craftsmanship. Early man discovered he could make music by blowing across hollow reeds of different lengths. In ancient Egypt, an engineer’s device would later would become the basic technology of the pipe organ. A steady airflow without mouth blowing while controlling air to each pipe to create different notes. By the Middle ages, the pipe organ was a fixture in churches throughout Europe. Johann Sebastian Bach composed his greatest works for organ while working as a musical director of a church.

Over past millennia’s, when music was first coming to be recognized, there were many different types of instruments. Over many years leading up to today, types of instruments were created and perfected, for the most part. The different instruments created over time were the woodwind instruments, brass instruments, percussion instruments, keyboard instruments, and one of those was the percussion instruments. The string instruments cover a multitude of instruments, there are orchestral types and even some that are plucked. Violins, viola, cello, double bass, harps, guitars, lute, and even ukuleles are just a few of the many other stringed instruments there are. The definition of a stringed instrument is a musical instrument whose tone is

“Ancient” music, or the majority of music composed before 1750, is audibly distinct from the music that followed it. The reasons for this are not immediately clear. An uninitiated listener would almost certainly be able to identify music as being either ancient or not, but would probably be incapable of articulating exactly why this is the case. Analysis of the concrete changes in musical notation that took place during this transition, however, reveals illuminating details about the metamorphosis of music during this period. These developments cannot be divorced from the social and religious undercurrents of the day. As the authority of the Catholic church diminished, humanism and religious reformation began to flourish among the more secular

Because said instrument needed to have its sound more pronounced that suggest that music could have been played during group activities like; festival, family gatherings, or religious purposes. All of these events require the some part, if not all,

The modern piano is a descendent of the harpsichord, which used a plucking technique much like that of plucking the strings of a harp or lute. Bartolomeo Crisotofori, an Italian craftsman, substituted felt hammers in place of the plucking mechanism, making the instrument capable of graduations of tone and timber. He called his new instrument the Gravicembalo col piano e forte (a harpsichord with louds and softs). This was later shortened to the piano and with critiques from Baroque composers like Bach, a number of improvements were made to sound quality and tonality eventually emerging as the preferred keyboard instrument for Mozart, Haydn, and Beethoven. Over the course of centuries to different piano types have emerged. The grand piano, from 5' 6" to 8 or 9' in length horizontal to the upright piano, more suitable for the home, which also exists in differing sizes, 3-5; in height (Parakilas).

The first ever computer was invented in the 1820s by Charlse Babbage. However the first electronic digital computer were developed between 1940 and 1945 in the United States and in the United Kingdom. They were gigantic, originally the size of a large room, and also need to be supply a large amount of power source which is equivalent as several hundred modern personal computers. The history of computer hardware covers the developments from simple devices to aid calculation, to mechanical calculators, punched card data processing and on to modern stored program computers. The tools or mechanical tool used to help in calculation are called calculators while the machine operator that help in calculations is called computer. At first the