Learning and Intelligence Write a 100- to 150-word response to each of the following questions. 1. Describe the main components of classical conditioning. Classical conditioning is the relationship of an automatic response with a neutral occurrence. There are many main components to classical conditioning. Acquisition which is the learning part of classical conditioning where the conditioned stimulus is paired with the unconditioned stimulus. An unconditioned stimulus is a stimulus that instinctively causes a response. An unconditioned response is the response to the unconditioned stimulus that the researcher will document. A Neutral stimulus is a stimulus that may not get a response initially however after time, develops an instinctive response. A conditioned stimulus is a neutral stimulus after is has taught the response by training based on the conditioning. A conditioned response is the response to the conditioned stimulus. Extinction, spontaneous recovery, generalization, and discrimination are all a part of the classical conditioning process (Nevid,
Our understanding of classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and observational learning has allowed us to unlock many of the answers we sought to learn about human behavior. Classical conditioning is a technique of behavioral training, coined by Ivan Pavlov, which basically states that an organism learns through establishing associations between different events and stimuli. This helps us understand human behavior in an assortment of ways. It makes it clear that almost everything we do is based on patterns of stimulus and response. For example, if you were bitten aggressively by a dog as a child, you may be still scared of dogs today. That is because the dog caused you pain, which in turn caused you have anxiety towards dogs.
Using examples of both classical and operant conditioning, discuss the contributions and limitations of learning theory for the understanding of behaviour (Schacter et al., 2nd Ed, Chapter 6, also see Chapter 1 for historical context)
The example used in this paper goes back to when I was around seven or eight years old, and I ate some spoiled broccoli and cheese soup. I ended up getting food poisoning from the bad bacteria in the soup, and I was sick for two days. Ever since then, broccoli and cheese soup has made me feel nauseous.
Identifying UCS, UCR, CS, and CR 1. UCS: the original terrifying ride on the roller coaster UCR: terror CS: the sight of the roller coaster CR: cold sweat 2. UCS: the fried oyster UCR: sickness CS: the smell of frying food CR: nausea 3. UCS: the spaniel’s barking and lunging UCR: initial fright CS: the sight of the spaniel’s house CR: fear and trembling 4. UCS: the canned dog food UCR: salivation CS: the sound of the can opener CR: drooling 5. UCS: the bee sting UCR: pain and fear CS: the sound of buzzing CR: fear 6. UCS: the girlfriend’s original pleasing behaviours UCR: happiness and Sinbad was frightened when a barking spaniel lunged at|Barking dog |Fear |House |Fear/ | |the fence as Sinbad walked by. The next day, when | | | |trembling |
“Classical Conditioning in Advertisements” Classical conditioning “Classical conditioning is a type of learning in which a stimulus acquires the capacity to evoke a response that was originally evoked by another stimulus”.
Classical conditioning is a form of learning that is taught to us through experiences we encounter in our lives. It involves outside stimuli to trigger the condition we have learned to expect. For example, the sound of a lunch bell would trigger our stomach to start growling soon after hearing the bell ring. The expectation of food to come soon after hearing the bell and satisfy our hunger is what makes our stomach growl. This is something learned over time. Expectations can be both good and bad. Sometimes these negative experiences cause us to have certain behaviors when we are reminded of such an event.
Operant conditioning is a way of learning by rewarding positive behavior and punishing negative. If anyone on the team was late for practice, Coach Carter made them run. That was a punishment so that they would learn to be on time. Classical conditioning is an involuntary way of learning from preceding events. When the team started playing for Carter, the sound of a whistle, known as a conditioned stimulus, meant nothing to them. After a while, Carter trained them to respond to the sound of his whistle instantly by doing whatever he was asking of them, this is known as the conditioned response. This is an excellent example of how classical conditioning works to help us learn.
While many people may believe that learning is just a natural response that all animals are capable of, there is actually a more complex explanation on how we learn the things we do in order to survive in the world. Classical conditioning and operant conditioning are both basic forms of learning, they have the word conditioning in common. Conditioning is the acquisition of specific patterns of behavior in the presence of well-defined stimuli.
Classical conditioning My example of classical conditioning would be the time I had gotten into a car accident on the highway. Now the accident wasn’t serious, but it left me scared. After the incident, every time I got into a car my body would tense up. I also would feel like I was unable to breathe. As of now I still have miniature panic attacks at the thought of riding in a car or getting on the highway.
The theory of Classical Conditioning is one based on the idea that an individual can learn a new form of behavior simply from the process of association. Or simply put according to the Encyclopedia Britannica, “Classical Conditioning occurs when two stimuli are linked together to produce a new learned response” (“Classical,” 2015, para.2). In order to better understand Classical Conditioning, it is important to first define several key terms. A stimulus is any feature of the environment that affects behavior. A response is the behavior elicited by the stimulus (“Stimulus,” 2015, para.1).
Behaviourists explain maladaptive behaviour in terms of the learning principles that sustain and maintain it. Discuss this statement and show how a behaviourists approach to therapy is in stark contrast to psychoanalytic one. The term ‘therapy’ literary means, “curing, healing” and is defined as a treatment intended to relieve or heal
Classical conditioning refers to a simple form of learning, which occurs through the repeated association of two or more different stimuli. Learning is
In this booklet you will find an overview of all the different approaches to psychology. This will consist of the key assumptions, examples of the relevant psychologists and examples of their work, as well as an exploration into the advantages and disadvantages that some of these approaches possess.
Classical conditioning effects everyday life especially in relation to phobias and addiction which will be discussed in this essay. Classical conditioning was founded by Ivan Pavlov. He believed that if a behaviour can be learned, it can also be unlearned too. This essay will highlight the importance of conditioning principles in explaining and treating problem behaviours. Classical conditioning has revolutionised behavioural therapies, such as flooding and systematic desensitisation to treat phobias, and aversion therapies to treat addictive behaviour.