Results 1) Preoperative Data This study included 59 eyes of 58 patients with mean age ± standard deviation (SD) of 54±11 years, and a range from 25 up to 70 years. The male to female ratio was nearly 2:1. Table 1 summarizes the preoperative visual acuity and IOP. 2) Intraoperative complications Table 2 summarizes the intraoperative complications which can be attributed to the 20-G transconjunctival trocar system. More than 75% of our cases did not develop any intraoperative complications. Complications occurred only in 14 cases; of these, the most common complication was slippage of the cannula, occurred in 8 cases (14%); followed by trauma to the lens, seen in 4 cases (7%) and lastly retina incarcerated in the cannula in only 2 cases …show more content…
Suturless vitrectomies carry an increased risk of leakage from the sclerotomy site. Such excessive leakage can raise the risk of infection and hypotony (5). So, in our study we used 20-G transconjunctival trocar system with suturing of the conjunctiva and sclera by one suture for each sclerotomy to avoid the risk of leakage and its complications. In our study more than 75% of cases did not develop any intraoperative complications. Complications occurred only in 14 cases; of these, the most common complication was slippage of the cannula, occurred in 8 cases (14%); followed by trauma to the lens, seen in 4 cases (7%) and lastly retina incarcerated in the cannula in only 2 cases (3.5%). This was similar to study done by Spierer et al, as in their study intraoperative complications included premature dislodging of the cannulas in two sclerotomies. The cannulas were reinserted with a trocar through the same opening without any additional complications (6). Retinal incarceration in the trocar system was reported in our study (2 cases) and can be attributed to the malfunction of the trocar valve leading to rapid flow of fluids through the trocar at the time of instruments exchange. As we were re-sterilizing the trocar system several times by flash autoclave, the valve system became loose and not effective. So, we concluded from this point that re-sterilized trocar should not
8. After surgery, R.T. is admitted to the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) with a large
she needs to keep that appointment. She is to return here sooner if she is having
In cases with Direct TON where vision loss is severe and immediate, surgical decompression may be necessary if there are bony fragments pressing against the optic nerve or an optic nerve sheath hematoma. Surgery for TON involves decompression of the optic canal, and may be accomplished by a variety of approaches like transcranial, transsphenoidal, or transethmoidal. Serious surgical complications include infection (meningitis), CSF leaks, and worsening on injury. If case is not severe though, observation is the number one treatment
The patient was brought to the operating room, and tetracaine was instilled in the operative eye. The patient was then docked with the LenSX Femtosecond laser. My preestablished protocol for the operative eye was administered with the laser, creating the primary incision, the side port incision, the capsulorrhexis, the nuclear grooves, and toric mark. The operative eye was then anesthetized with lidocaine given in a peribulbar fashion. The eye was then prepped and draped in usual sterile fashion. The previously created incisions were opened using a Slade spatula. The capsulorrhexis was inspected and found to be suitable. Gentle hydrodissection was then performed. Using the phacoemulsification handpiece and a Drysdale nucleus manipulator,
It is essential, during anaesthesia, to prevent any mechanical pressure to the globes and to maintain mean arterial pressure. Horseshoe headrests should not be used for prone patients as they have been implicated in nearly all cases of direct eye pressure damage in the prone position. All patients complaining of postoperative visual disturbance require urgent review by an ophthalmologist. Although vision rarely returns after ischaemic optic neuropathy, treatment may improve the visual field defect following central retinal artery
Clinical optometrists take on the task of routinely evaluating and dealing with patients on a daily basis while also attempting to maintain a healthy, successful business environment. The book Clinical Procedures for Ocular Evaluation describes how clinical optometrists maintain healthy relationships with patients and also detail different tests that are commonly implemented. These tests allow for doctors to determine a patient’s well-being and follow the necessary steps to improve the state of their eyes. Clinical Procedures for Ocular Examination is a viable tool that can be used to manage a patient’s complaints and general health history, and assess which phases of examination and problem-specific testing should be implemented.
A 6-year-old male underwent an initial eye examination for evaluation of hyperpigmentation of both eyes at 1 year of age. He was diagnosed with benign conjunctival melanosis. He was also diagnosed with an increased cup-to-disc ratio and mildly elevated intraocular pressures in each eye. Intraocular pressure was maintained in the mid-teens bilaterally on topical glaucoma monotherapy. At 4 years of age, he relocated. When he was 5-years-old, he underwent bilateral glaucoma shunt placement elsewhere The operative reports and glaucoma drainage implant (GDI) specifics were not obtainable. No prior or subsequent ocular surgeries were performed. He returned to our care after 2 years. His eye pressures were controlled without glaucoma medications. There were GDIs in the superotemporal quadrant of each eye. In the right eye, there was corneal edema in the superotemporal quadrant extending to the pupillary margin and a 3 millimeter central subcapsular cataract. The shunt tube extended into the anterior chamber approximately 2 millimeters (Figure 1A). The anterior portion of the tube retracted posterior and was barely visible in the anterior chamber with adduction of the eye (Figure 1B). Upon abduction, the tip of the tube travelled up to 6 mm towards the 4:00 position (Figure 2A) (Video). Intermittently, the tip of the tube would dive posterior to the iris at the 4:00 position to touch the lens (Figure 2B).
On examination, vision is 20/20 bilaterally. Intraocular pressure is 16 to the right and 18 to the left. Dilation has been provided on this visit with tropicamide 1%/phenylephrine 2.5%.
Sub-Point One: When preforming the surgery the surgeon will create a thin flap in the cornea using either a
There are different surgical options to address residual refractive errors that frequently occur after corneal transplantation. None of them appear as a perfect option and corneal surgeons should tailor a specific plan for each patient individually. Many factors affect the surgeon's choice of the best surgical option including the ocular condition, patient requirements, surgeon skills and the available technology. The ocular condition as well as the type of refractive error and its degree remain the most important factors in the choice of the refractive intervention.
Refractive lens exchange surgery is recommended for patients suffering from presbyopia and high hyperopia. Noted ophthalmologist and retinal specialist Dr Somdutt Prasad presents an insight about this surgery.
This happens as the body sends cells to heal the surgical site. You may even experience additional swelling over the first few days. For most patients, the swelling subsides within two weeks’ time.
Loss of vision loss of vision permanently from eye muscle surgery occurs about in one out of 10,000 eye muscle surgery. The cause is usually internal eye infection, or retinal detachment. Early recognition and treatment can save vision.
glaucoma 3 is a disease that leads to vision loss. This vision loss is due to an increase in intraocular pressure due to a greater secretion rate of aqueous humor than the drainage rate in the chambers in the eye.This increased intraocular pressure builds up in the eye leading to damage of nerve fibers and blood vessels, damaging the optical nerve. the two main types of glaucoma are open angle glaucoma (a slow build up in blockage) and angle closure glaucoma ( rapid/sudden blockage), both are caused by blockage at the trabecular meshwork (location of drainage). The aqueous humor is a transparent gelatin that creates the pressure in the eye of a glaucoma patient, it is used to transport nutritional substances, immunological substances, and is used to give the eye its globe shape. The aqueous humor enters the eye’s posterior chamber through the ciliary body into the posterior chamber (between iris and lense) then goes through the pupil into the anterior chamber (between the iris and the cornea) and drains out through the trabecular meshwork (filter-like tissue).
Episiotomy is normally done out of necessity (such as in the case of resolving shoulder dystocia), rather than electivity (randomly choosing to have/perform an episiotomy when it is not absolutely necessary). Like any other surgical procedure, episiotomy comes with its benefits and potential complications, therefore it is unfair to rate the procedure as “bad” or “unnecessary” practice base on common misconceptions that usually focuses on the potential complications that could arise after the surgery, rather than the overall benefit of the surgery. This paper is going to address the risks and benefits of episiotomy, as well as some of the common misconceptions surrounding this procedure, and also the most popular comparison and contrast between it versus normal perineal tear, but first let’s start with definition and basic understanding of an episiotomy.