Example Of Slope Protection

Questions and charts are from Geoscience Laboratory, 5th ed. (p. 133-150), by T. Freeman, 2009, New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons. Reprinted with permission.

The buffer can filter out the stuff we put in our lawns, stop the silt that washes off places where we dig and contain pollutants from lawns and roads. These pollutants have another way to get in to the Chattahoochee, they flow virtually unchecked into the river from hundreds of miles of creeks that thread through the water shed. Silt is sent down stream because of nearby construction. The greatest danger to the creeks and to the water shed is land disturbing activities that lead to erosion, whether it is tearing out plants and trees along the banks or lack of fence systems to hold dirt. Local governments over seen by the state authority boards are responsible for enforcing state laws on erosion control. But when faced with the pressure and desire to increase tax, few local governments stand in the way of development. Even the latest growing counties have at most a few people to enforce the law. Donald Mitchell, chief soil and erosion inspector in Fulton Count, compares his job to "dropping a bucket of golf balls on a driveway and having to pick 'em up before they hit the street." His job is part cop and part educator. He needs to make sure everyone is educated on the issue so that people know what to do. Erosion into the creeks that feed the Chattahoochee is even more severe a problem than direct run-off into the river, as

Complete this week’s lab by filling in your responses to the questions from Geoscience Laboratory. Select answers are provided for you in red font to assist you with your lab work. Although you are only required to respond to the questions in this worksheet, you are encouraged to answer others from the text on your own.

There are six different types of water erosion: splash erosion, sheet erosion, rill erosion, gully erosion, valley or stream erosion, and bank erosion. Splash erosion is when raindrops hit soil and small soil particles are displaced. Sheet erosion is when raindrops remove soil in thin layers. During rill erosion, small concentrated flow paths are created. “These paths create a sediment source and delivery system for hillslope erosion. Areas where precipitation rates exceed soil infiltration rates are more prone to this type of erosion. During gully erosion, water flows in narrow channels during or after heavy rains or melting snow. The gullies can erode to considerable depths. Valley or stream erosion is created by water flowing alongside land. It extends downward, deepening a valley, and extending the valley into the hillside. This occurs more frequently

Complete this week’s lab by filling in your responses to the questions from Geoscience Laboratory. Select answers are provided for you in red font to assist you with your lab work. Although you are only required to respond to the questions in this worksheet, you are encouraged to answer others from the text on your own.

Site drainage management is aim to safeguard the house inhabitants and protect the house from several damage cause by surface water and both internal and external inappropriate moisture (Master builders, 2009).

What is interesting about this paper is the author’s purpose. It seems as though he is attempting to raise awareness and support geophysics. However, all the points he brings up to discuss he quickly refutes with dangers. This confuses the reader as the article is more intimidating rather than informational. The overwhelming sense of danger associated with each

I was pretty hungry that afternoon, thought I would find something to eat outside of the cave. All I was expecting to find was a couple of clown fish, maybe a sea horse if I’m lucky, but never this thing!! I don’t even know what to call it, it was long, all black, and there were constantly bubbles coming out of it back. It had flippers and really big eye balls.

Investigators found some structural reasons for the failure of the levees. The I-wall system is the type of floodwall protection system that was used with sheet piling. The coastal erosion that is occurring at such a fast pace and rate is negatively impacting the levee system. The sandy, brittle soil that does not have much strength in the foundation is a determining factor in the erosion. This does not set a strong foundation to act as the base to withhold the

Using a small back hoe or excavator the soils can be pulled into the stream and compacted by rollers to prevent down cutting in the future. The natural stream depth can then be restored and the hazard to people or animals falling into the stream prevented. Further, by restoring sinuosity of the stream down cutting can be slowed or even halted completely. By compacting the soils in the centerline of the stream and, also, restoring sinuosity the water velocity will be slowed and the soils resistant to down-cutting. These steps limit the influence of soil erosion to the water

Another example of a type of structure used is an energy dissipater. An energy dissipater is any device created to protect the area downstream from erosion by reducing the velocity of the flow. An effectively designed energy dissipater will restore the flow downstream of the dissipater to a condition that is close to the natural flow regime. There are two broad categories of energy dissipaters, those that cause a hydraulic jump and those that are considered to be impact basins (Tennessee Department of Transportation, 2010).

Streamside specializes in the restoration of sediment. The streamside technology aims to decrease excess sediments (which are responsible for biological impacts and habitat impacts) and removes only the harmful fine sediments. (Streamside, 2016) Some benefits of using streamside are that the restoration can increase subsurface pore space. Another benefit is that it provides a favorable habitat for fish egg, and aquatic food organisms.(Streamside, 2016) Just like anything there is a downside, a downside to this treatment is that the treatment can become very expensive and hard for people to afford. Another downside to this treatment is that it takes a lot of work to set up and the treatment is a very long process. (Streamside,

Associated activities may include installing drainage systems, grading slopes, ditching for storm drainages, and conduits for service utilities. The disturbance of natural patterns of runoff and rainwater infiltration through modified drainage can lead to the concentration of water flow at sites that previously only took direct rainwater infiltration; this can result in rapid forming cover-subsidence sinkholes (Waltham et al, 2005, p. 159). The many impervious surfaces used in modified drainage activities also impedes groundwater recharge, which can consequently lower the water

The seawall was constructed at Long Beach to prevent further coastal recession and to protect personal properties, community areas and infrastructure threatened by erosion along Long Beach. A seawall has been present at Long Beach for many years but the current seawall was officially opened in 2010. I 2010 when the seawall was updated a new promenade was also constructed to encourage the use of the area. The construction of both the seawall and the promenade totalled a cost of $5.6 million. By preventing further coastal recession, the properties and community areas situated along the coastline and at low elevations are protected from becoming inundated or damaged as a result of erosion. Seawalls in some cases have been known to disrupt the natural flow of sand along the beach and lead to increased erosion in front of the wall as well as at the end of the wall. Although this increase in erosion is a risk, the presence of this potential issue is not currently obvious at Long Beach. The seawall at long beach was constructed with a slope which dissipates the energy from the waves. By using this design there is less risk of further erosion as a result of the seawall and the seawall is hit with less force and is less likely to become damaged from the force of the waves in the near future. As well as the design of the seawall, the seawall is also strengthened using

When a strip foundation is to be used on a sloping site the most economic solution is to use a stepped foundation which will reduce the amount of excavation, construction under ground, backfill and trench support. The provision of stepped foundations following the line of the ground requires each step to be between 150 and 225millimetres in order to accommodate brick or block courses. The lap of concrete at the step should be not less than the depth of the foundation concrete and never less than 300millimetres whichever is the greater.