Robinson Crusoe Literary Criticism
Essay
Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe is a tale based on the real survival of a Scottish merchant marooned on a Caribbean island during the early 1700s. In Expanding Empires, Expanding Selves : Colonialism, the novel and Robinson Crusoe by, Brett C. McInelly (2003 John Hopkins University Press). Brett C. McInelly, talks about British and European colonialism of the era, religious conversion, expansion of trade, and the mastering of oneself and destiny In the novel. Robinson Crusoe is a great example of literature, culture and European ideology of the 18th century. I agree with with McInelly (2003) on how the book makes colonialism and religious conversion a main theme of Robinson Crusoe. Furthermore how
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This continued colonialism is an important theme of the 18th century. “In Robinson Crusoe, Defoe transforms colonialism through the power of fictional representation into the adventures of a single man, who masters an island, his native companion and himself” (McInelly). I agree that Robinson Crusoe is a representation of colonial ideas and European ideology exaggerated. McInelly’s literary criticism of Robinson Crusoe is very accurate to the ideas and themes of the book and the era. This book is a good example of how far the world has come in ideas and morals since then. Defoe represents the power of European colonialism and the impact it had to the Americas. A good example of this is “My island was now peopled, and I thought myself very rich in subjects; and it was a merry reflection, which I frequently made, how like a king I looked. First of all, the whole country was my own mere property, Baso that I had an undoubted right of dominion. Secondly, my people were perfectly subjected. I was absolute lord and lawgiver, they all owed their lives to me, and were ready to lay down their lives, if there had been occasion of it, for me” (Defoe 234). Cursoe towards the end of the book has mastered the island to the point where he calls himself a “king”. This is a mixture of the idea that he has …show more content…
It may have outdated ideas and themes but that is a product of literature of the 18th century. Survival in the 1700s on a deserted island is the same as survival on a desert island today witch I find interesting. Except Crusoe had access to firearms. Throughout his time on the island, he relies heavily on a fowling piece (and un-rifled musket designed to use multiple round lead balls, this gave each ball less overall velocity, but it was designed to be used at close ranges similar to a shotgun) this gave him the biggest advantage on the island. I agree with McInally that colonialism and expansion of trade were some of the biggest themes of the novel. Defoe's was writing about what he knew and experienced. Also from the stories about the savageness and unforgiveness of the new world. The most important theme was the mastering of oneself and destiny before you can truly understand what is important to you and how you are going to live your life. Throughout crusoe's time of the island this continues,cultivates barley, rice and corn, builds a fort, domesticated goats, He kills the cannibals and rescues friday, reconnects to God and himself, and finally gets rescued. Only after mastering the whole island, Crusoe gets rescued. If you can't master your destiny or be comfortable where you are now, how will you ever move on and
Robinson Crusoe is a man who was lost in the world, stuck at home with his parents, he was expected to be a lawyer, but his heart longed for the sea. Crusoe eventually left home, without telling his parents what he planned. After several voyages, all of which were seemingly “unlucky,” he is shipwrecked on a desert island and is forced to survive with only bare necessities. Many people consider him a hero because of how he dealt with his misfortune. Some people believe that Robinson Crusoe is a likeable and admirable character, but others disagree. Robinson Crusoe is not a likeable or admirable character for three reasons: he is self-absorbed, he lacks emotion, and he is hypocritical.
For this essay I will be talking about the book “A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies” by Bartolomé de Las Casas. Whom wrote this to the King of Spain, Prince Philip II, in 1542 to protest what was happening in the New World to the native people. I will be explaining many things during this essay. The first thing I will go over is what the books tells us about the relationship between Christianity and the colonialism. The second thing I will talk about is if it was enough to denounce the atrocities against indigenous people. Next, if it is possible to
Froude’s imperialistic and ethnocentric point of view manifests the differences between the “inferior race”, the blacks and the minority group, the British. His beliefs of superiority of his own culture are shadowed through a forceful and aggressive tone by using “we” to get the message of white supremacy across to the reader. His views on the superiority of the British rule despite the white majority are expressed through his despiteful tone throughout the excerpt. He describes the Greater Antilles as “weak nations” that are “subject to the rules of others who are at once powerful and just” diminishing the natives
The Colonial viewpoint lets one identify on how the country of Antigua was impacted by the British. Further, it shows how they imposed their social, economic, political, and cultural practices on the Antiguans. The British had a long lasting effect on Antigua and made them miserable for a long period of time, as she said, “And so everywhere they went they turned into England; and everybody they met they turned English… so you can imagine the destruction of people and land that came from that”(Kincaid 24), this quote really explains on how the English forcibly imposed their culture on the Antiguans, including Kincaid. The Britishers formed their own colonies and exclude the locals The Britishers made such an impact on the Antiguans that they could not take care of themselves. Once they left, the fight for political ideas and power left Antigua in a complete dispute. As Metzger explained, “The aftermath of colonialism on her native...greed and vice in the government of the impoverished society”(Metzger 1165). Kincaid mentions a lot about how the British society expected more of her, which was beyond her ability to do. She was told to be a “well behaved child” (Metzger 1164). Due to the corruption of the government the citizens of Antigua received a poor education. “In this place, the young librarians cannot find the
Among the more notorious dimensions of the age of exploration and colonization is the impact which this massive wave of maritime transmigration would have on the indigenous populations of those locations where European settlers made landfall. And perhaps no historical figure is as emblematic of this impact than Christopher Columbus, who in his ambition to bring gold, spices and cotton home from the lands he believed to be the West Indies, would help to set off one of the most complete genocides in human history. As the text by McKay et al (2003) demonstrates, Columbus approached the natives that he encountered in the Caribbean with a sense of European superiority that would come to define colonialism and to justify its attendant ethnic cleansing. Indeed, the perspective offered by Columbus is that of a conqueror establishing dominance over a people quite vulnerable to subordination.
Canada has been well regarded with its attitude towards multiculturalism, establishing an Act that protects the rights of people who have different beliefs and the encouragement for all cultures to work together. While being the only country to have a policy such as the Multiculturalism Act, racism has been a part of Canadian history, including but not limited to the colonialism of Indigenous Peoples and the internment of Japanese Canadians. The effects of colonialism on indigenous culture and the treatment of Japanese Canadians are reflected in the novels Monkey Beach by Eden Robinson and Obasan by Joy Kogawa. The main characters of the novels, Lisamarie in Monkey Beach and Naomi in Obasan, both come to terms with the effects of growing up in minority communities in British Columbia, as well as discovering their own identities, by reflecting on their pasts during a time of family tragedies. Lisamarie struggles with accepting and understanding her spirituality in a family that mostly ignores and denies their connections to the spirituality of their ancestors, due to the effects of colonialism and residential schools. Naomi reflects on her family being removed from their homes and the racism that the Japanese faced after the Pearl Harbour attack. Robinson and Kogawa use their protagonists to look back to the past and reflect on the events that have shaped their families. Lisamarie discovers how spirituality and relationships have been molded due to the colonialism and the
Does Robinson Crusoe change throughout the novel? The tale of Robinson Crusoe was published 298 years ago, it’s no surprise many people have developed their own arguments as to whether Crusoe had evolved over the course of the story or not. Some believe before Crusoe took to the sea, he was an unreligious man who had no respect for God or his Father. Then at the end of his time on the island, Crusoe had been converted into a firm believer of God. There are valid arguments made against this theory that Crusoe had changed, such as the fact he approved and used slaves himself without ever any change of heart. Crusoe’s character goes from unbelieving in God to the complete opposite and this can be contributed to his experiences at sea and on
The first reason that Robinson Crusoe is an admirable character is because he devotes himself to growing his spiritual life. First, he asserts, “My duty to God, and the reading scriptures, which I constantly set apart some time from thrice every day.” (Defoe
It has been observed that when placed in harsh or unusual conditions, people tend to look to spiritual support to help them overcome adversity. In Robinson Crusoe, Daniel Defoe not only depicts the struggle of a man abandoned on a deserted island, but also depicts Crusoe's repentance for past disobedience against his father and humanity as well as his acceptance of religion into his life. Crusoe's religious beliefs, however, do not remain consistent; in fact, he later uses religion as a justification for murder and other immoral acts. Crusoe accepts religion into his life, repenting for his sins throughout the novel, however his faith is not genuine, only becoming strong when he experiences misfortunes.
In the beginning of the book, Robinson Crusoe runs away from home to get on a ship. Then, when he was on his way to Canary Island, his ship was bombarded by pirates, who took him hostage. Finally, after two long years,
The Tempest, written by playwright William Shakespeare is one of his most popular, yet also controversial plays. This paper will discuss the postcolonial interpretations of Shakespeare’s play, by looking at the nature of colonialism, and how it has been incorporated within his play, through the role of the colonized versus the colonizers. This paper will also compare how 21st century audience’s views may differ to that of the traditional Elizabethan’s, in relation to the play’s treatment of the original inhabitants of the island.
Bildungsromane follow the journey of individuals who often seek both their self- and national identities. The story of Lucy revolves around the “intersections of colonialism, racism, sexism, and heterosexism” (Lima 130) in contexts that limit her individuality. In order to stop her her present that is defined by the violent history of her ancestors from becoming her future, Lucy migrates from her motherland, only to discover herself in a situation where she must contend with internal struggle, exploring “complexities and contradictions” (Lima 129) which are the result of the life she is born into. In her novel Lucy, Kincaid adeptly chooses the Caribbean as Lucy’s motherland—a place with a “history of foreign domination, slavery, imperialism, and neocolonialism”—to juxtapose the “revolt, resistance and struggle” (Lima 129) embodied by Lucy. Mariah serves as a provocative reminder of the very past that triggered Lucy to leave her mother and Antigua, through embodying colonialism as a mother figure. The eponymous protagonist’s futile attempt to elude the reigns of Mariah is a reflection of the inevitable intergenerational damage of not only gender oppression in a patriarchal society, but also colonial violence on a marginalized person like Lucy.
This paper is an attempt to examine the seeming opposition of religion vs. self-interest with respect to the character of Robinson Crusoe. I will venture to demonstrate that in the novel, Defoe illustrates the contradictions with which Crusoe must contend as he strives to please God while ensuring his own survival in the world. In part, I will endeavor to show that a distorted sense of Puritanism as well as the existing colonial mindset exacerbated this opposition, and resulted in what I propose to be Defoe's (possibly retroactive) imposition of a religious justification for Crusoe's actions.
Impact of British Colonization Exposed in A Small Place, A Passage to India, and Robinson Crusoe
Daniel Defoe's novel, published in 1719, is the spiritual autobiography of one man: Robinson Crusoe. The novel tells the story of an English mariner of York, with wanderlust spirit, who decides not to follow his parents’ plans for him of living a middle-class life preferring to travel around the world. His father did not give him the consent to go away arguing that his choice meant as going against the authority of God himself; therefore, God will not have mercy on Robinson. In fact, his first trips seem to fulfill the prophecy of his father because his ship was wrecked in a storm and later was attacked by pirates. Ashamed to go home, Crusoe bordered another ship and returned to another trip towards Africa challenging his fate. Consequently